• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.743-754
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• 2017

Assessing bioequivalence between original drug and generic drug is traditionally based on $2{\times}2$ crossover design. As bioequivalence trials for highly variable drugs are getting popular, the required sample size based on $2{\times}2$ crossover design would be very large, which might cause the ethical concerns. Regulatory agencies like EMA and MFDS recommended higher order crossover designs such as $2{\times}4$, $4{\times}2$ and $4{\times}4$ crossover designs. Alternatively, a $2{\times}3$ dual design may be recommended in terms of economical and ethical points of view in comparison with the $2{\times}4$ crossover design for highly variable drug. In this study, we consider some statistical characteristics of $2{\times}3$ dual design and propose statistical procedures for calculating sample size and assessing bioequivalence based on $2{\times}3$ dual design. We also discuss the proposed procedures from the perspective of newly revised bioequivalence guidance issued by MFDS.

• 대한공업교육학회지
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.123-141
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to provide basic data that can be used for the development of technology textbooks of Nigeria-Korea Model School by analyzing external and internal aspects of Illustration in Nigerian primary school technology textbooks, and 10 textbooks used in Nigeria were analyzed. Based on the results of the study, the conclusions are as follows. First, the form of the visual data should be diversified into a picture, a cartoon, a diagram, and a diagram from the photograph center, and provide various information closely related to the contents of the technology. Second, it is necessary to increase the size of illustration so as to induce learners to be motivated, and to enhance the effect of editing. Third, currently, partial enlargement data is rarely used, but visual material should be partially enlarged in order to express a detail part of product. Fourth, diversity of editing should be done by using circular or background omission rather than using only rectangle uniformly in visual material. Fifth, in terms of gender equality, it is necessary to deviate from male-centric visual materials and edit them with consideration for women. Sixth, in order to provide learner-centered textbooks, the role of visual materials should be extended to 'inducement of motivation', 'activity guidance', and 'activity result' in addition to 'providing data'. Finally, in terms of the function of visuals, the quality of textbooks should be upgraded by utilizing auxiliary and decorative functions in addition to essential functions.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.93-101
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• 2010

The demand for elastic pavement, providing comfort for pedestrians is expected to increase continuously but the lack of a standard for materials mixing ratio, that is, the optimal mixing ratio between ERDM chip and polyurethane binder, is still in a trial and error stage. This study aimed at recommending an optimal mixing ratio for elastic landscape pavement through a coherence and resilience test depending on ratio. The test result is outlined as follows. In a tensile strength test, samples B and C indicated a close positive relationship between the binder mixing ratio and tensile strength, indicating that the higher the mixing ratio the higher the tensile strength. In a hardness test, none of samples A, B or C indicated a statistical interrelationship between the binder mixing ratio and hardness. That is, the hardness of the elastic pavement material remained unchanged, irrespective of the binder mixing ratio. In a resilience lest, Samples A and B indicated a close negative interrelation between mixing ratio and resilience, indicating that the higher the mixing ratio, the lower the resilience. Upon analyzing the optimal mixing ratio based on test results, an increase in tensile strength began to slow at a 20% mixing ratio, while resilience began to reduce rapidly at 22%, Thus the optimal range for a mixing ration appeared to be 20~22%. The outcome of this study could to provide guidance for improving the elasticity and stability of elastic pavement.

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.142-151
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to investigate how much the programs of astronomy museums reflect the contents and objectives of current science curriculums. To attain the aim, comparison and analysis on the museum programs and science curriclum have been made. Five domestic astronomy museums have been selected. The contents and forms of their programs have been studied and appreciated by assessment instruments for astronomy museum programs. The assessment instruments were devised in consideration of both the science curriculums of the Ministry of Education(1997) and the achievement and evaluation criteria of the Korea Institute of Curriculum and Evaluation. The findings of this study are summarized as follows: The astronomy museums reflect most of the learning elements of science curricula concerning astronomy. These results indicate that the astronomy museum as an informal education institute is comparatively well connected to science education. The 5thgrade science curriculum reflected mostly on the museum programs, and too many of the astronomy museum programs were in forms of panel exhibition. Science curricula fared well but they failed to reflect the curricular objectives, which resulted in relatively low assessment scores. It is suggested that the findings of this study can be a foundation and act as guidance for selecting and developing astronomy museum programs which include the contents of the science curriculums more substantially.

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.23-33
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• 2011

The purposes of this study were to analyze the effects on scientific creativity of the Science Gifted Program, to survey recognition of gifted learners on the Program, and to obtain implications for the development direction of guidance program. The subjects of this study were 20 persons of the class for the gifted in an elementary school science, which belonged to Education Institute for the Gifted, Office of Education in Jeju city. The Science Gifted Program were applied during 28 times. The effects of the program were analyzed using the scientific creativity test, recognition questionnaire and interview of the Science Gifted Program. The results of this study were as follows. First, after applying Science Gifted Program, the scientific creativity of the gifted in science was enhanced. Especially, fluency was enhanced most remarkably. Second, after applying Science Gifted Program, students stated that they had the positive feeling about this program. The suggestions of results of recognition questionnaire of the Science Gifted Program were as follows. First, the Science Gifted Program must include experiment and research of subject. Second, it is necessary to guide concretely of the learning method before beginning of the Science Gifted Program. Third, it is necessary to control content level and quantity of the task for the student's easy comprehension.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.49-56
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• 2014

This study aims at providing basic data for product planning to design smart clothing and to develop applications, focusing on consumers by satisfying their emotions through analyzing emotional factors on smart clothing, comparing emotional differences between conventional clothing and it, reviewing changes of consumers' emotion by integrating the product and clothing and researching differences of preference and purchase intention between smart clothing and traditional one. As the results of the study, emotional factors for smart clothing were analyzed with total 6 including 'technical', 'comfort', 'aesthetic', 'modern', 'fun' and 'multiple' factors. Among them, except for 'comport', five emotional factors showed emotional factors between conventional sport-casual clothing and smart clothing. That is, emotional factors of 'technical', 'aesthetic', 'modern', 'fun' and 'multiple' were emphasized more in smart clothing than conventional ones, indicating that they should be considered in planning products of smart clothing. Though there was no significant difference of preference between smart clothing and conventional clothing, in case of comparison of averages, that of smart clothing was a little higher. For purchase intention, smart clothing was lower than the conventional clothing. So preference seems to be not directly related to consumers' immediate purchase. To make consumers' interests and preference to result in purchase, it is necessary to develop smart clothing with more various applications and to prepare commercializing strategies. As the results of the analysis on free-descriptive questionnaire survey, consumers were interested in development of smart clothing to help diet with functions including energy harvesting from body motion, calorification and perspiration, measurement of motion and calory consumption as well as health-care type smart clothing to measure heartbeat and ECG. Reflecting these requirements from the consumers, they should be utilized as guidance to develop smart clothing in the future.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.88-98
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to develop the teaching competency tool of university teachers with responsibility for college education and analyze the need for change. We have developed teaching competency to strengthen the competencies required for university professors' responsibilities and community activities in and out of universities and the contents validity was examined from 24 experts. The developed tools were used to diagnose the 83 teachers of K university in Chungcheongnam-do, and to derive basic competence, educational practice competence, and community competence through exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. The teaching competencies include 'Understanding of college education', 'Educational philosophy and attitude', 'Teacher attitude', 'Analysis design', 'Instruction execution', 'Guidance management', 'Evaluation feedback', 'Academic convergence', 'Sympathy learning culture', and 'Global sharing'. The results of the paired t-test and the analysis of the need for change through the analysis of Borich coefficient analysis were as follows: Understanding of university education (4th rank), analysis design (5th rank), instruction execution(2nd rank), empathy learning culture (1st rank), and global sharing (3rd rank). The competence of university teachers is not only the ability to practice teaching, but also the ability to understand university education and to empathize and share with the members of the university community. In the future, the university should actively develop and provide ongoing support programs to strengthen the capacity of professors.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.65
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• pp.111-150
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• 2020

Social media, also known as the 'revolution of communication', has become a major means of communication and service in contemporary society. Unlike existing media, the advantage of being able to deliver interactive information is already beyond the level of use between individuals and government efforts to use it. In fact, local governments in Korea operate one or more social media services for various purposes, which promotes policies of local governments or provides prompt information to local residents. These social media records are based on public business and should be managed as records. However, the legal basis for managing records of social media in the area of public records management is currently small, and each local government does not recognize the need for records management. Social media operate by local governments are not only of different types but also difficult to manage as standardized guidelines. Nevertheless, minimal guidance is needed to manage and preserve social media records. The purpose of this study is to draw out the least common elements in the preparation of guidelines for social media record management. For this purpose, the guidelines and policies established by advanced countries that already systematically manage social media were analyzed and the items and characteristics were derived. In addition, the guidelines were checked for application by comparing actual social media records with social media archives. This study is meaningful in that it proposed components that should be included in the development of guidelines for the management of social media records in local governments through the actual status of social media archive operations.

• Quality Improvement in Health Care
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.28-40
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• 1998

Background : Many patients have been frequently complaining that they have to spend couples of hours in hospital on visiting outpatient clinic. Among several steps, two major time consuming steps were waiting to see a doctor and/or waiting at pharmacy to get medicine. Therefore not only to provide the proper guidance for medication or counseling on health affairs but also to make waiting time short is very important for the better hospital services. The aim of this study is to validate several time-saving processes to reduce waiting time at outpatient pharmacy and its efficacy. Methods : We surveyed the time interval actually taken to receive medicine after issuing prescription by doctors, and analyzed the data on the bases of relevant or possible causative factors. Then following processes were given to reduce waiting time and resurveyed and compared both data to validate efficacy of those processes : 1. No work-off on Monday and Tuesday 2. Work hour shift to start 30 minutes earlier 3. Changeable work shift between outpatient pharmacy and ward pharmacy according to work load 4. Use of pre-made medicines prescribed more frequently by certain doctors at certain time 5. Cooperation with doctors to use set prescriptions. Results : Before the process, mean waiting time at pharmacy was 29.2 minutes and most time consuming period was from noon to 1 PM, 3 to 4 PM, 1 to 2 PM in order of frequency. Only 37.7 % of patients could get the medicine within 20 minutes. Three times of surveys after process showed mean waiting time at pharmacy were 18.1 minutes, 19.0 minutes, and 17.6 minutes, respectively. And 72.7 %, 81.3%, and 82.2% of patients could get the medicine within 20 minutes. Conclusion : The mean waiting time was markedly reduced with above mentioned processes which applied intradepartmently event hough with little cooperation from other department. Consequently, the complaints of patients were decreased with increasing the satisfaction degree. In conclusion, those suggestions were recommanded to improve the degree of satisfaction of patients.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.1057-1088
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• 2017

This research has attempted to conduct meta-analysis on 605 published papers in the field of socio-nuclear studies from 1957 to 2016 in Korea through network analysis of author-provided keywords. The findings lead to several straightforward conclusions. First, socio-nuclear studies including policy research have mostly been conducted by universities, while technology developments have been led by public organizations. Second, it is apparent that the Fukushima accident has provoked major engagement among social scientists in nuclear issues as the remarkable growth of the knowledge network after 2011 signify. Third, the research topics have been diversified as a result of growing multi-disciplinary research projects. Finally, there is between sub communities in the socio-nuclear knowledge network in terms of network properties. This article provides a stepping stone for future researchers with a wealth of information concerning the status of socio-nuclear studies. For policy makers, this meta-analysis is likely to provide guidance on what we need and do not need. It remains to be seen whether the socio-nuclear knowledge network in Korea is well-structured or not. provide an impetus for comparative studies with overseas cases in order to evaluate the network and its soundness.