• KIEAE Journal
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.93-99
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• 2015

Purpose: Various studies on the soil-based green roof systems have been conducted, and a lot of green roof systems were developed. A growing medium board is one of them which was developed for better application and maintenance, however the effect and performance of this material need to be verified. On this background, the purpose of this study is to prove cooling load reduction of green roof by monitoring experiment on the full-scale mock-ups. Method: To do this, Solid growing medium boards were installed on the mock-ups, and indoor temperature and humidity were monitored and analyzed. Result: As a results, the green roof with solid growing medium board were verified effective for controlling indoor temperature in summer.

• Water for future
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.17-29
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• 1972

The persent study aims at finding out a means of prevention cool spell damages on the hilly areas. The irrigation plots of 24 hour stored water warm water way and warm water plots, cool water way are respectively established to find out water temperature and influnce on the growing rice plants. The results obtained are summed up as follows. 1. Warm water areas consisted of $5 m^2 Q=0.93 1{\ell}/sec$, V=31 cm/sec, S=1/1, 000, L=81.6m, B=5cm, h=6cm, t=4min 33sec, drops=9 areas, are constructed to help the water temperature of $14.5^{\circ}C$ rise to that of $21.6^{\circ}C$. This indicates lower temperature than $23^{\circ}C$ of critical water temperature in irrigation facilities by $1.45^{\circ}C$ and than $26.2^{\circ}C$ of balanced water temperature of Seoul arears by $4.6^{\circ}C$. But this does not give much influance on rice plant cultivation. 2. The rising of water temperature is influened according to the temperature, solar radiation but the water temperature changes according to the heat absorption of organized materials, weather and terraces. The difference of water temperature could be found in the first growing stage. 3. Through the warm water way of water rises to the temperature of $21.6^{\circ}C$ which also rises to the temperature of around $30^{\circ}C$ in the paddy field of submerged irrigation. The rice plants are comparatively free from prolonged cool damage, reproduction abstructive damage. 4. The water temperature in rice field in proportion to temperature influence of weather condition but the water temperature approaches to that of weather in the days of later growing stage and water temperature become lower than the air temperature in the fruit stage. 5. The water in the submreged field is $10^{\circ}C$ warmer than in the warm water way during the first growing stage period but the water temperature in the warm water way is warmer in the later growing stage period. The cool water of $14.5^{\circ}C$ is warmed to $30.1^{\circ}C$ and rice plants cultivation is free from other damages. 6. The 12% increased production or 570.98kg/10a is made cool water plot by rising the temperature of water from $14.5^{\circ}C$ to $21.6^{\circ}C$ making the water run through warm water way. 7. The damage inflicted by the cool water irrigation during the first growing stage period is the obstruction of peak tillering stage and the obstruction of heading the later growing stage period and the obstruction of fruiting and number of panides per fill.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.53-62
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• 1988

A field experiment was conducted in the arid interior of British Columbia, Canada to assess the seasonal soil temperature and moisture regimes in an American ginseng garden. As a consequence of the man-modified microclimate (elevated shade canopy and surface covering of mulch), the growing environment of the crop was fundamentally altered when compared to adjacent agricultural growing environments. In the ginseng garden, soil temperatures were found to remain low throughout the growing season whereas soil moisture remained high when compared with the outside garden environment. These results indicate that even in the hot, arid environment of the interior of British Columbia, the growing of ginseng is undertaken in sub-optimal conditions for the major part of the growing season. This poses challenges for the producers of the crop to modify the architecture of the gardens to enhance the soil regime without creating a deleterious aerial environment.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.156-167
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• 1979

Physiological characteristics of Panax ginseng were reviewed in relation to temperature. According to the old literatures and records of cultivator's experiences it was elucidated that ginseng plants require light but hate high temperature and that the cultural methods were developed to content two characteristics in contradiction. Low temperature (cool climate) during growing season seems (or ginseng to be essential and to escape from the extreme coldness according to air and soil temperature of natural habitat and cultivated area. Optimum temperature of dehiscence (15∼below 20$^{\circ}C$) is a little higher than that of germination (10∼15$^{\circ}C$). Optimum temperature for growing of new buds (18∼20$^{\circ}C$) is similar to that for growing after emergence (17∼21$^{\circ}C$). Dormancy of both matured embryo and new buds is broken at the same temperature (2∼3$^{\circ}C$). It seems reasonable that optimum temperature of photosynthesis (22$^{\circ}C$) is similar to that of growth. Respiration quotients of various organs or of whole plant ranged from 1.7 to 3 incrased with high temperature. Respiratory consumption and oxygen limitation seem to be potential factors to induce decay during dehiscence and germination of seeds and root rot in fields. Research on organ differentiation. photosynthesis, respiration and growth with age is needed for the development of cultivation methods.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.549-554
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• 2011

The effect of full bloom date and growing season weather on harvesting date of 'Niitaka' pear (Pyrus pyrifolia) in Naju province and the model of multiple linear regression for predicting the fruit growing days was studied. Earlier year in full bloom date, the harvesting date tended earlier but fruit growing days tended longer. Mean and coefficient of variation of fruit growing degree days (GDD) accumulated daily mean and maximum temperature at the base of $0^{\circ}C$ from full bloom date to harvesting date was 3,565, 2.9% and 4,463, 2.5%, respectively. Fruit growing days was not correlated with the fruit GDD accumulated daily mean and maximum temperature at the base of $0^{\circ}C$ in each month but highly correlated with GDD accumulated daily meteorological factors at days after full bloom date. Especially, it was highly negatively correlated with GDD accumulated daily mean and maximum temperature at the base of $0^{\circ}C$ from $1^{st}$ day after full bloom to $60^{th}$ day. The determination coefficient ($r^2$) of multiple linear regression model by full bloom date, GDD accumulated daily mean and maximum temperature from $1^{st}$ day after full bloom to $60^{th}$ day for predicting fruit growing days was 0.7212. As a result, the fruit growing days of 'Niitaka' pear in Naju province can predict with 72% accuracy by the model of multiple linear regression.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.124-131
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• 2008

To investigate main air temperature factors correlated to difference of fruit characteristics according to cultivating areas, fruit and air temperature characteristics of eight cultivating areas of 'Fuyu' persimmon were analyzed by principle components and multiple regression analysis. The first principal components extracted from 16 air temperature factors was annual mean temperature, mean temperature during October, annual mean minimum extreme temperature, mean temperature during growing period, and so forth. The second principal components was mean temperature during May and June and so forth. And cumulative contribution was 91.4%. The five of eight cultivating area had clearly the difference of main factors or the correlated direction among cultivating areas. In multiple regression analysis between the extracted main factors and fruit characteristics, fruit hight were highly correlated with mean temperature during growing period ($X_8$) and cumulative temperature ($X_6$), and the regression equation was $Y=150.55-5.375X_8+ 0.014X_6(r^2=0.843)$. Also this regression equation was affected by mean minimum temperature during growing period, cumulative temperature, and mean temperature during August. Fruit diameter was negatively correlated with mean temperature during growing period, flesh browning rate and Hunter a value of peel color were positively correlated with mean minimum temperature during growing period and annual minimum air temperature, respectively.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.19-25
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• 2020

This article describes the automated incubator designs for white mushrooms growing. Mongolia has a very long and cold winter, so the process of growing mushrooms is short. Therefore, we aim to design an automated incubator system that has created a favorable artificial environment for mushroom growing by examining the necessary conditions for mushroom growing. This system was designed to be able to hold for some time the required levels of soil moisture, air humidity, soil temperature, air temperature, and CO2 levels. This article presents the results of a system-based experiment that allows you to grow mushrooms for 30 days without human interference.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.29 no.7
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• pp.539-543
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• 1992

The continuous growth method was developed for Mn-Zn Ferrite single crystals. It is a new process that the polycrystalline MnχZn1-χFe2O4 raw materials are supplied continuously from the powder feeding system to the crucible heated by R.F. induction and melted in the crucible, and after the single crystals seed is attached to crucible's hole, the crystals are pulled downward with rotation. Growing the crystals by using the growth method different from the conventional Bridgman or Floating Zone method, we defined the factors having effect on the crystal growing through the pre-experiments. They are temperature distribution in the crucible, melt velocity according to its height, wettability between the crucible's bottom and melt. Therefore, Mn-Zn Ferrite single crystals were to be grown by attaining the appropriate melt height in the crucible, powder feeding rate, temperature gradient between the crucible and interface, crystal growing speed, and this method was confirmed to have possibility for single crystal growing.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.82 no.2
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• pp.259-270
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• 2022

The paper investigates the residual stresses arising in a thermoviscoelastic cylinder as a result of layer-by-layer deposition of material on its lateral surface. Internal stresses are caused by incompatible deformations that accumulate in the assembly as a result of joining parts with different temperatures. For the analysis of internal stresses, an analytical solution to the axisymmetric quasi-static problem of thermoelasticity for a growing cylinder is constructed. It is shown that the distribution of residual stresses depends on the scenario of the surfacing process. In this case, the supply of additional heat to the growing body can significantly reduce the unevenness of temperature fields and reduce the intensity of residual stresses. The most effective is uneven heating, which can be realized, by the action of an alternating current with a tunable excitation frequency. The temperature and residual stresses fields on the growing surface is analyzed numerically for Titanium and Copper materials.

• Proceedings of the International Microelectronics And Packaging Society Conference
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.109-109
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• 2000

Recently, carbon nanotube has been investigating for field emission display ( (FED) applications due to its high electron emission at relatively low electric field. However, the growing of carbon nanotube generally requires relatively high temperature processing such as arc-discharge (5,000 ~ $20,000^{\circ}C$) and laser evaporation (4,000 ~ $5,000^{\circ}C$) methods. In this presentation, low temperature growing of carbon nanotube by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) using nickel catalyst which is compatible to conventional FED processing temperature will be described. Carbon n notubes with average length of 100 run and diameter of 2 ~ $3\mu$ill were successfully grown on silicon substrate with native oxide layer at $550^{\circ}C$using nickel catalyst. The morphology and microstructure of carbon nanotube was highly depended on the processing temperature and nickel layer thickness. No significant carbon nanotube growing was observed with samples deposited on silicon substrates without native oxide layer. This is believed due to the formation of nickel-silicide and this deteriorated the catalytic role of nickel. The formation of nickel-silicide was confirmed by x-ray analysis. The role of native oxide layer and processing parameter dependence on microstructure of low temperature grown carbon nanotube, characterized by SEM, TEM XRD and R없nan spectroscopy, will be presented.