• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.13-16
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• 2013

In this research, laser cladding characteristics were investigated for various filler metal feeding methods such as powder, cold wire, and hot wire feeding. Appropriate parameter window, deposition rate, material efficiency and dilution for each filler feeding method were evaluated with same laser power and cladding speed range. Laser powder cladding has wider process parameter window but higher material efficiency and lower dilution were achieved by laser wire cladding. Among these feeding methods, laser hot-wire cladding showed best efficiency in material usage and deposition rate.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.33-42
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• 1972

This study was designed to investigate the nutritional value of fermented soybean bran as animal feed. Natural soybean bran has low protein quality and high cellulase contents. The soybean bran was supplemented by urea and ammoniumsulfate as N-source for incubation of Aspergillus niger. After incubation of soybean bran with Aspergillus niger, the nutritional quality of protein and riboflavin contents were increased in general and more in aging process than in fermentation. In order to elucidate the biological efficiency of prepared soybean bran, 120 male weanling rats were divided into 22 groups, five rats each, and were fed by standard casein diet mixed with soybean bran in the proportion of 1/10, 1/15, 1/20 respectively. The animals were kept under the experimental diet for nine weeks. In the result of this study, food efficiency ratio showed higher in the groups of urea and ammonium-sulfate-add group than row soybean bran group but the former group is lower than the later in the body weight gains. Protein efficiency ratio was also same trend. It was noteworthy that the nitrogen retention rate in total body on the basis of urinary nitrogen excretion and dietary intake nitrogen and in big organ such as liver and spleen were higher in fermented group than raw soybean bran fed group. It was worth while to treat the soybean bran in first place fermentation and further aging process to elevate the biological efficiency and effect of nutritional values specifically of protein and of riboflavin.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fashion and Beauty
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• v.3 no.3 s.3
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• pp.48-55
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• 2005

The summary of a study of efficacy of Rose essential oil and Lavender essential oil against physiologic active change s of skin caused to surfactant is as follows. 1. In feed intake efficiency, there is more significant difference than control group, and then in water intake, there are significant differences between each group. It is presented that the water intake efficiency ratio of the group treated by Rose essential oil and Lavender essential oil is higher than all of groups to be participated in experiment. And then, the reason that the group treated Lavender essential oil is lower than any other group is needed water intake to be caused by stress. 2. As the result of serum analysis, in atherosclerotic index(A.I), the cholesterol of control group is higher than that of the group treated. As HDL cholesterol is activated, the dan1aged group is higher than control group, in LDL cholesterol the control group is higher. It is seen that the damaged group of the quantity of HDL cholesterol is lower frequently in A.I. This fact is presented that HDL cholesterol that cholesterol is exhausted is changed, because of the dan1aged group that replacement is activated. 3. As the observed result of alteration of sebaceous glands, it is appeared that the demage of sebaceous glands is destroyed in the damaged group. It is observed that epidermis of the group applied by Rose essential oil after treated surfactant is dry, secretion of phenomenon of water and sebum is appeared more. It is observed that the epidermis recovery of the group applied by Lavender essential oil after treated surfactant is insufficient. And then it is seen that stratum corneum is recovered and the quantity of sebum secretion is decreased. 4. As the observed result of alteration of Mast cell group treated by Rose essential oil and Lavender essential oil for 3 weeks Luna's stain(${\times}100$), it is observed that the damaged group treated by Lavender essential oil is numerous in alteration of mast cell's number and Mast cell's size is larger than the dan1aged group. It is presented that the Mast cell's number and Mast cell's size is larger than the damaged group, the Mast cell's size and quantity of the group treated by Rose essential oil and Lavender essential oil is decreased more.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.351-360
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• 2021

PURPOSE. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of occlusal and interproximal adjustments of single implant crowns (SIC), comparing a digital cast-free approach (CF) and a protocol using 3D printed casts (PC). MATERIALS AND METHODS. A titanium implant was inserted at position of lower right first molar in a typodont. The implant position was scanned using an intraoral scanner and SICs were fabricated accordingly. Ten crowns (CF; n = 10) were subject to a digital cast-free workflow without any labside occlusal and interproximal modifications. Ten other identical crowns (PC) were adjusted to 3D printed casts before delivery. All crowns were then adapted to the testing model, simulating chair-side adjustments during clinical placement. Adjustment time, quantity of adjustments, and contact relationship were assessed. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (P < .05). RESULTS. Median and interquartile range (IQR) of clinical adjustment time was 02:44 (IQR 00:45) minutes in group CF and 01:46 (IQR 00:21) minutes in group PC. Laboratory and clinical adjustment time in group PC was 04:25 (IQR 00:59) minutes in total. Mean and standard deviation (±SD) of root mean squared error (RMSE) of quantity of clinical adjustments was 45 ± 7 ㎛ in group CF and 34 ± 6 ㎛ in group PC. RMSE of total adjustments was 61 ± 11 ㎛ in group PC. Quality of occlusal contacts was better in group CF. CONCLUSION. Time effort for clinical adjustments was higher in the cast-free protocol, whereas quantity of modifications was lower, and the occlusal contact relationship was found more favourable.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.27-37
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• 1981

The effect in degree of saturation and unsaturation of dietary added oils on the serum cholesterol level in the rabbit was studied for a kperiod of 4 weeks using isocalories and isonitrogenous diets. The subject rabbits were divided into 10 feeding groups such as control-1 (Basal diet only), A group (Basal+sesame oil), B group (Basal+perilla oil), C group (Basal+soybean oil), D group (Basal+rice bran oil), Control-A(Basal+casein), A-1 group (Basal+sesame oil+ casein), B-1 group (Basal+perilla oil+casein), C-1 group (Basal+soybean oil+casein) and D-1 group (Basal+rice bran oil+casein). The results are summarized as follows: 1. Body weight gains per week of the perilla oil fed group were higher than anyother groups during the experimental period. 2. Food efficiency ratios for the group of perilla oil fed were 1.041, 0.781, 0.520 and 0.431 for 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th week, respectively. 3. In the group of perilla oil and Casein fed, food efficiency ratios for the experimental period were 0.887, 0.823, 0.489 and 0.437 for 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th week, respectively. 4. It is investigated that the food efficiency ratio for perilla oil fed groups was higher than the group of perilla oil and casein fed. 5. Calorie efficiency ratios for perilla oil fed group were 0.018, 0.036, 0.024 and 0.020 for 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th week, respectively. Calorie efficiency ratios for perilla oil and casein fed group were 0.028, 0.030, 0.024 and 0.020 for 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th week, respectively. 6. Serum cholesterol was 72.8mg% for the group of perilla oil (6gr) and casein(6gr) fed, and liver cholesterol was 460.5mg% for the same group. 7. Serum triglyceride was 130.7mg% for the group of perilla oil (6gr) and casein (6gr) fed. 8. Blood glucose was 40.34mg% for control-l and 96.4mg% for control-A, respectively. Blood glucose was 120.4mg% for group Band 1l0.7mg% for group B-1, respectively. 9. The degree of saturation/unsaturation for perilla oil (SFA/USFA) was 7.8/92.2 and nonessential fatty acid/essential fatty acid(NEFA/EFA) was 26.3/73.7. In this conditions, serum and liver cholesterol was lower than anyother conditions for this experimental period. 10. For the perilla oil fed group, serum cholesterol was 105.5mg% for pleic acid/linoleic acid(18.5/58.5) and 72.8mg% for linoleic acid/linolenic acid(15.2/58.5). In this group, triglyceride was 132.5mg% for oleic acid/linoleic acid and 130.5mg% for linoleic acid/linolenic acid. 11. There are positive correlation between serum cholesterol and saturated fatty acid $({\gamma}=0.78)$, and unessential fatty acid $({\gamma}=0.41)$. There are negative correlation between serum cholesterol and unsaturated fatty acid$({\gamma}=-0.78)$ and essential fatty acid$({\gamma}=0.77)$, respectively. 12. The range of most effective diet for serum cholesterol level lowering was nonessential fatty acid/essential fatty acid(26.3/73.7), saturated fatty acid/unsaturated fatty acid(7.8/92.2) and added oil (6gr)/added casein protein(6gr).

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.20 no.3_spc
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• pp.169-185
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• 2013

In this research, for find out how operations efficiency for ERP systems, after introducing ERP to manufacturing firms with DEA technique. According to research analyzed relative time dependent efficiency, using Time Window Analysis. And for company group and the other firm within the each same Industry, the relative effectiveness of each company group establishment was compared using DEA.

• Proceedings of the Korean Biophysical Society Conference
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• 1998.06a
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• pp.21-21
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• 1998

Since the repair efficiency of non-Watson-Crick base pairs in DNA is affected by the mismatched base-pairs and their neighbor sequences, the structural studies are necessary for the elucidation of the repair efficiency. NMR and molecular modeling studies on the DNA duplexes including AA mismatches were performed.(omitted)

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.203-215
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to inquire into the degree of health promotion activity in university students, and to find out the relationship between self-efficiency and health promotion behavior, Thus, we can offer basic data for developing an educational method or program for health promotion. For this research, data was collected from university men and women through a questionnaire from February 18 to March 20, 1998. A measuring instrument was based on lating reviews of health promotion behavior in chronic disease protection, perceived self efficiency, demographic factors, biological factors, and circumstatial factors. The content validity of the instrument was authenticated by two professors of nursing, and reliability was confirmed by 'cronbach' (${\alpha}^{\prime}$ after mortifying content through a pre-test on 30 students. 475 persons were analyzed in terms of average, percentage, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's Correlation Coefficient, and Multiple Stepwise Regression by 'SPSS-PC'. The analyzed data is as follows: 1. Higher self-efficiency, as a cognitive-perceptual factor, has a beneficial effect on health promotion behavior (r=.479, p=.000). The result of analyzing the differences among a low group, a middle group, a high group in terms of self-efficiency reveals that the relationship between self-efficiency and health promoting behavior is meaningful. 2. The degree of health promoting behavior is 3.26 out of 6. Other figuresrelating to health promoting behavior, are as follows. self-actualization area (4.62), interpersonal area (4.60), stress management area (4.01), nutrition area (3.68), responsibility of health area (3.11), liquid and cigaret area (2.85), and exercise area (2.33). 3. The degree of self-efficiency was 6.81 out of 10. Other figures relating to self-efficiency are as follows. interpersonal area (7.89), self-actualization area (7.84), liquid and cigarette area (7.72), exercise area (6.88), stress management area (6.84), responsibility of health area (6.35), and nutrition area (6.34). 4. The different lerels of health promoting behavior according to a subject's general factos are following: age (p=0.003), sex (p=0.000), health concern of parents (p= 0.000), taking health programs (p=0.007), case history of familes (p=0.048). Health promoting behavier is also positirely affeted by the following: higher age, social sciences focus, religion, living the relatives', and the higher health concerns of parents. 5. The difference of self-efficiency according to a subject's general factors is positirely affected by sex (p=.008), the health concerns of parents (p=.004), body indexes (p=.001), and the higher health concerns of parents. 6. As the result of analyzing major factors, the most powerful factor appears to be self-efficiency, 26.6% of health promoting behavior. Suggestions: 1. Results of this study point to self-efficiency as a major factor in the health promoting behavior of university students. It is crucial, therefore, to develop a health program to promote self-efficiency and to study how to promote prerention of certain diseases. 2. That health promoting behavior appears low in this study shows that health education should be taken into the university class, with a focus on the daily life of students as its goal.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2014.11a
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• pp.37-40
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• 2014

Capturing the carbon dioxide emitted from coal-fired power plants will be necessary if targeted reduction in carbon emissions is to be achieved. Modelling and simulation are the base for optimal operation and control in thermal power plant and also play an important role in energy savings. This study aims to analyze the performance of supercritical coal fired power plant through steady and dynamic simulation using a commercial software gCCS. A whole power plant has been modeled and validated with design data of 500 MWe power plant, base and part load operations of the plant were also evaluated, consequently it had been proven that the simulated result had a good agreement with actual operating data. In addition, the effect of co-firng on the plant efficiency and flue gases were investigated using gCCS simulator.

• Proceedings of the KSLP Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.147-147
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• 2003

Recent aerodynamic and acoustic studies of VPI(velopharyngeal insufficiency) are non-invasive and safety, therefore, many researchers have used it to diagnose the hyper/hyponasality and articulation disorders of cleft palate patients. The purpose of this study was to estimate mainly the oropharyngeal air pressure and over all air flow in cleft lip and palate patients. The pressure-collecting catheter was positioned in the oropharyngel cavity around tongue base. Twelve adult control group and three cleft lip & palate patients were participated to this experimentation. Aerophone II was used to measure peak air flow, mean air flow, phonatory airflow, phonatory efficiency and resistance. The results were as follows: 1) Airflow of cleft lip ＆ palate patients group were higher than those of control group. Fricative sounds /s/ and /s'/ showed the statistic significance of mean airflow and volume data. 2) Intraoral air pressure of cleft lip ＆ palate patients was lower than those of control group.