• 제목/요약/키워드: green roads

검색결과 116건 처리시간 0.023초

건설 현장 인접 건물의 현장 조사를 위한 균열 측정 디지털 데이터 그래픽 프로그램 적용 가능성에 관한 연구 (A Study on the Applicability of the Crack Measurement Digital Data Graphics Program for Field Investigations of Buildings Adjacent to Construction Sites)

  • 정의인;김봉주
    • 한국건설순환자원학회논문집
    • /
    • 제12권1호
    • /
    • pp.63-71
    • /
    • 2024
  • 건설기술의 발달을 통하여 재개발 사업, 도로의 지하화, 지하철 증설, 광역철도 등 다양한 공사가 이루어지고 있다. 하지만 이것 때문에 기존에 형성된 도심지와 인근 지역에서의 공사들도 증가함에 따라 주변 인접 건물과 주민들의 피해와 분쟁 사례의 증가는 물론 기존 건축물의 노후화로 인한 안전사고 발생 또한 증가하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 디지털 데이터를 그래픽 프로그램에 적용하여 균열의 생성, 길이와 폭의 증진 등을 사진 촬영 이미지를 통해 비교하여 이에 대한 정도를 수치로 제시하여 균열에 대한 진전을 객관화하고자 하였다. 프로그램 적용을 통하여 기존 현장 조사의 단점으로 언급되던 균열 변화 여부의 주관적 판단에 따른 오류를 해결하였다. 이를 통해 사용 과정에서의 보완 및 개선 사항을 적용한다면 신뢰성이 향상되어 건축물 진단 과정에 보편적으로 사용될 수 있을 것으로 예상한다. 후속 연구로 디지털 그래픽 데이터 프로그램의 추출 알고리즘을 적용하여 전처리 작업에 사람이 개입하지 않는 것과 자체적으로 균열의 길이와 폭을 계산하고, 건축물의 전체적인 변화를 점검할 수 있는 후속 연구가 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

겨울철 염화칼슘(CaCl2) 처리에 따른 가로변 3가지 상록 관목류의 생육 및 생리반응 - 사철나무, 영산홍, 회양목을 중심으로 - (Growth and Physiological Response of Three Evergreen Shrubs to De-icing Salt(CaCl2) at Different Concentrations in Winter - Focusing on Euonymus japonica, Rhodoendron indicum, and Buxus koreana -)

  • 주진희;박지연;허혜;이은엽;현경학;정종석;최은영;윤용한
    • 한국조경학회지
    • /
    • 제44권2호
    • /
    • pp.122-129
    • /
    • 2016
  • 본 연구는 도심 내에서 공원 및 가로수 주변에 식재된 대표적인 세 가지 상록 관목류인 사철나무(Euonymus japonica), 영산홍(Rhododendron indicum), 회양목(Buxus koreana) 등을 중심으로 겨울철 염화칼슘($CaCl_2$) 처리에 따른 생육 및 생리적 반응을 살펴봄으로써, 내염성 정도와 제설제 피해지역에 대한 내성수종을 선별하기 위한 자료로 제시하고자 한다. 염화칼슘을 각각 0%(대조구), 0.5%, 1.0%, 3.0%, 5.0% 처리한 실험구에 2014년 11월에 정식한 후 이듬해 이른 봄인 2015년 3월에 수고, 엽장, 엽폭, 엽형지수, 엽수, 생체중, 건조중, 건물률, R/T율, 엽록소함량, 엽록소형광반응, 광합성률, 기공전도도, 증산율 등의 생육 및 생리적 특성을 조사하였다. 사철나무는 3.0% 이하, 영산홍과 회양목은 1.0% 이하의 처리구에서 생존이 가능하였으며, 사철나무가 영산홍과 회양목에 비해 생육적 감소율이 비교적 낮았다. 염화칼슘 처리농도가 높을수록 대조구에 비해 생리적 반응들이 감소되는 것은 동일하나, 영산홍과 회양목은 감소세가 비교적 뚜렷한 반면, 사철나무가 완만한 감소세를 보이고 있다. 특히, 처리농도가 높아짐에 따라 영산홍은 증산율을, 회양목은 광합성율과 기공전도도를 억제시키는 경향을 보였다. 이러한 결과를 통해 사철나무가 영산홍과 회양목에 비해 염해에 좀 덜 민감한 수종임을 알 수 있어 제설제 피해지역에 상록 관목류로 적용이 가능할 것으로 본다.

아파트 단지 조경사업에서 발생하는 민원 특성 분석 - 민원의 공공성과 조치용이성 분석을 중심으로 - (An Analysis of the Characteristics of the Civil Complaints Occurred to the Landscape Architecture Project in Apartment Complex)

  • 조세환;이명훈;조현길;김인호;안승홍;오정학
    • 한국조경학회지
    • /
    • 제41권5호
    • /
    • pp.78-90
    • /
    • 2013
  • 본 연구는 아파트단지 조경사업에 의해 발생한 민원의 유형과 특성을 분석하여 향후 조경사업 과정에서 민원 발생의 원인을 최소화하는 방안을 모색하기 위한 기초자료 제시를 목적으로 수행하였다. 아파트단지 조경사업의 민원 유형을 분석하기 위해 LH공사, SH공사, 경기도시공사의 2009년부터 2012년까지의 민원 사례를 대상으로 전체 672건의 조경민원을 공통언어 추출방법을 통해 73개로 범주화하고 설문조사를 통해 구축된 자료를 중요도-성취도 분석기법(IPA)을 사용하여 공공성(공공적-개인적)-조치용이(어려움-쉬움)의 유형별 특성과 입주민과 조경가의 민원 인식차이를 분석하였다. 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 범주화된 73건의 민원은 공원, 녹지 및 가로수, 보행로, 시설물, 기타 등 5개 항목으로 재범주화 될 수 있었다. 둘째, 조경 민원이 가장 많이 제기되는 것이 녹지 및 가로수였으며, 다음으로 시설물, 보행로, 공원 순인 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 각 항목별로 공공성과 조치용이성에 대한 분석을 실시한 결과 '시설물', '가로 및 녹지'와 '보행로', 등은 입주민과 전문가의 민원 인식이 공통적으로 나타났으나 공원에 대한 민원은 입주민과 전문가의 인식이 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 73개 민원 중 35개(47.9%)는 공공성이 높고 동시에 조치가 용이한 반면, 25개(34.2%) 민원은 개인적이고 동시에 조치가 어려운 사항으로 분석되어 이들 민원사항에 대해서는 설계단계에서부터 미리 점검을 하여 민원으로 인한 사업비의 추가 부담과 입주민들의 신뢰 저하 등의 문제를 최소화할 필요가 있다고 사료되었다.

Landsat 녹색식생지수를 이용한 서울시 도시녹지 변화 조사 (A Change Detection of Urban Vegetation of Seoul with Green Vegetation Index Extracted from Landsat Data)

  • 박종화
    • 대한원격탐사학회지
    • /
    • 제8권1호
    • /
    • pp.27-43
    • /
    • 1992
  • The purpose of this study is to detect and evaluate the change of urban vegetation of Seoul during 1980s. Large areas covered with agricultural crops or forests were converted to residential and commercial areas, roads, schools, sports complexes, etc. There were also widespreas concerns on the deterioration of the quality of urban vegetation due to severe air pollution, overcrowding of nature parks, and idling of farm lands by land speculators. The image used for this study were MSS(Oct. 4, 1979) and TM(Apr. 26, 1990). The Green Vegetation Index of Kauth & Thomas(1976) was for the analysis. The GVI were resampled with 75$\times$75m grids and overlaid with the jurisdictional boundaries of 22 districts of Seoul. The results were reclassified to 6 classes, class 6 representing grids with the most vigorous vegetation or the best vegetation improvement in 1980s. The finding of this study can be summarized as follows : First, the most vigorous vigorous vegetation, in terms of GVI, of the 1979 image can be found at paddy fields located on alluvial near Han River. Broad-leaf forests located on hilly terrains have higher GVI than conifers located on the upper-parts of mountains. The average GVI of the northern part and southern part of Han River are 3.56 and 3.74, respectively. The main reason why the southern part has higher GVI is that there are more prime agricultural lands. Districts of Kangseo, Yangcheon, and Songpa have the highest percentage of grids of GVI class 6, and the percentages are 3.55 %, 3.47 %, and 2.69 %, respectively. Second, the most vigorous vegetation of the 1990 image can be found at the grass lands of the Yongsan golf club and the Sungsu horse racing track. The GVI of farm lands is lower than forest because most agricultural crops are at the early stage of growing season when the TM image was taken. The size of built-up area is much larger than of 1979. On the other hand, vegetation patches surrounded by developed area become smaller and have stronger contrast to surrounding area. The average GVI of the northern part and southern part of Han River are 3.57 and 3.51, respectively. The main reason why the southern part has lower GVI is the at more large-scale urban development projects were carried out in there during 1980s. Districts of Tobong, Nowon, and Seocho have the highest percentage of class 6, and the perecentages are 16.58 %, 10.14 %, and 8.50% respectively. Third, the change of urban vegetation in Seoul during 1980s are significant. Grids of GVI change classes 1 and 2, which represent severe vegetation loss, occupy 15.97% of Seoul. Three districts which lost the most vegetation are Yangcheon, Kangseo, and Songpa, where the percentages of GVI class 1 are 13.42%, 13.39% and 9.06%, respectively. The worst deterioration was mainly caused by residential developments. On the other hand, the vegetation of some part of Seoul improved in this period. Grids of GVI change classes 5 and 6 occupy 9.83 % of Seoul. Distircts of Jung, Yongsan, and Kangnam have the highest percentage of grids with GVI change classes 5 and 6, and their percentages are 22.31%, 19.17%, and 13.66%, respectively. The improvement of vegetation occurred in two areas. Forest vegetation is generally improving despite of concerns based on air pollution and heavy use by recreationists. Vegetation in open spaces established in riverside parks, large residential areas, and major public facilities are also improving.

블로그 데이터 감성분석을 통한 북한산둘레길 구간별 선호도 평가 (Evaluation of Preference by Bukhansan Dulegil Course Using Sentiment Analysis of Blog Data)

  • 이성희;손용훈
    • 한국조경학회지
    • /
    • 제49권3호
    • /
    • pp.1-10
    • /
    • 2021
  • 본 연구는 탐방객이 자유롭게 서술한 블로그 텍스트 데이터를 자연어 처리 기술 중 하나인 감성분석을 활용하여 북한산둘레길의 선호도를 평가하고, 선호 요인과 비선호 요인을 도출하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 이에 2019년 1년 동안 작성된 블로그를 수집하고 21개 둘레길 구간별 텍스트에 나타난 긍정 및 부정 감성 단어 도출을 통해 감성점수를 산출하였다. 이후 내용분석을 통해 탐방객이 어떤 요소로 인해 구간을 선호하거나 선호하지 않는지 파악하였다. 북한산둘레길에 대해 작성된 블로그에서는 긍정적인 단어가 평균적으로 약 73% 출현하고 있었고, 각 구간별 게시물의 감성 극성 비율에서도 긍정적인 문서의 비율이 부정적인 문서의 비율보다 높았다. 이를 통해 탐방객은 북한산둘레길에 대하여 대체로 긍정적으로 인식하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 그럼에도 감성점수를 도출한 결과, 21개 둘레길 구간에서는 선호하는 구간과 선호하지 않는 구간이 존재하고 있었다. 선호 구간과 비선호 구간에 대해 탐방객은 난이도가 낮고 부담 없이 걸을 수 있는 구간을 선호하고 있었고, 경관에 대한 여러 요소(시각, 청각, 후각 등)가 조화롭고 계절감이 뚜렷해 다양한 경관이 연출되는 곳, 경관 시퀀스의 변화가 존재하는 구간을 선호하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 탐방객은 전망대, 조망점 등의 뷰포인트 유무를 둘레길에서의 주요 요소로 인식하고 있었고, 접근성이 우수하고 안내판 등 정보 제공이 원활하게 이뤄지는 구간에 대해 선호도가 더 높은 것을 알 수 있다. 반면, 도로와 인접함에 따라 발생되는 주변 소음과 과도한 시가지 비율, 구간별 난이도 불균형 등으로 인한 둘레길 동선 불만족이 비선호 요인으로 크게 작용하고 있었으며, 경관 단절 및 구간에 대한 정보 부족 등이 선호도를 떨어트리는 원인으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과는 국립공원뿐만 아니라 근교 산림 녹지 관리에 있어서 둘레길 정비 및 개선방안 마련에 활용될 수 있으며, 연구에 활용된 감성분석은 자연지역에 대한 실제 이용자들의 반응을 지속적으로 모니터링 할 수 있다는 점에 의의가 있다. 다만 사전에 정의된 감성사전을 기반으로 평가하였기에 지속적인 사전 업데이트가 필요하다. 또한 소셜미디어 특성상 부정적인 견해보다는 긍정적인 내용을 공유하는 경향이 존재하기 때문에, 현장 설문조사 등의 분석 결과와 비교, 검토하는 작업이 필요하다.

고려의 원시영역 유목초지, 그 부르칸(불함)이즘과 한국축산의 비전 (Burqanism from the Origin of the Pastoral Nomadic Koryo Region and the Vision of Korean Livestock Farming)

  • 주채혁
    • 한국초지조사료학회지
    • /
    • 제25권1호
    • /
    • pp.71-82
    • /
    • 2005
  • Khori(高麗) refers to the Chaabog(reindeer) that live on lichens(蘚) on Mt. Soyon(鮮) in which pastures are the cold and dry plateau of North Eurasia. Thus, the origin region of the Khori or Koguryo that are the ancestors of the reindeer-herding pastoral nomads(馴鹿 遊牧民) can be said to be the Steppe-Taiga-Tundra pastoral areas of North Eurasia and North America. When the pastoral nomads moved on to the great mountain(大山) zone of the Jangbaek(長白) to the Baekdu(白頭) Mountains, they could have been in contact with pastoral farmers or agricultural farmers living there and they became the farmers remaining on agricultural farms. They were the Koryo people, the ancestors of Korea. Staying in one place, they gradually forgot the origin of their reindeer-herding pastoral nomadic history in the Northwest area of Mt. Soyon, the small mountain(小山) zone of the Steppe-Taiga-Tundra pastoral areas. In other words, they lost their identity as reindeer-herding pastoral nomads when they entered the agricultural area after leaving the pastoral area. However, since their basic genes had already formed when they lived on the cold and dry plateau of North Eurasia, it is possible to study their pastoral nomadic history focusing on 'the minority living in the broad area(廣域少數)', by utilizing highly advanced biotechnological science and focusing on genes and information technology innovation, and removing various past hindrances in research. Therefore, it is not so difficult to restore the reindeerherding pastoral nomadic history of the Koguryo(高句麗) people and secure their pastoral nomadic identity, of which the first steps have already been taken into their historical stages. The Eurasian continent and the Korean peninsula, especially the cold and dry plateau of North Eurasia and the Korean peninsula have been closely related to each other ecologically and historically. They can never be a separate space at all. The Eurasian continent lies horizontally east to west and thus, the continent forms an isothermal zone. Also, since the time of producing their own foods, it was relatively easy for people with their technology to move to other places owing to the pastoral nomadic characteristic of mobility. Unlike the Chungyen(中原) region, western Asia and the regions covering the Siberia-Manchu-Korean peninsula where food production revolution was first made were connected to the Mongolian lichens route(蘚苔之路: Ni, ukinii jam) and steppe roads. Although the ecological conditions of nature have changed a bit throughout a long history, it was natural for the many tribes in North Asia living on the largest Steppe-Taiga-Tundra area in the world to have believed 'the legends related to animals in relation to their founders and ancestors(獸祖傳說)'. Assuming that Siberian tigers and the tigers living on Mt. Baekdu were connected ecologically and genetically because of the ecological characteristics of the animals, and their migration from plateau to plateau, we would suspect that the Chosun(朝鮮) tribe living on Mt. Baekdu were ethnically and culturally more closely connected to the farther removed Ural-Altai tribes that lived on the cold and dry plateau region than to the Han(i14;) tribe who lived in Chungyen(中原) that was close to Mt. Baekdu. More evidence is the structure of the Korean language which has the form of 'Subject + Object + Verb', which is assumed to have originated from the speedy lifestyle of the reindeer-herding pastoral nomads. The structure is quite different from that of the Han(漢) language, which is based on agricultural life. Also, it is natural for reindeer riding reindeerherding pastoral nomads or horse-riding sheep-herding pastoral nomads(騎馬, 羊遊牧民) to have held military and political power over the region and eventually to have established an ancient pastoral nomadic empire in the process of their conquest of agricultural regions. The stages for founding global empires in the history of mankind maybe largely divided into two, in terms of ecological conditions and occupations. They are the steppes and the oceans. Of course, the steppe-based empires were established based on the skills to deal with horses and the ability to shoot arrows while riding horses, along with the use of iron ware in the 8th century BC. The steppe-based empires became the foundation for an oceanic empire, which could have been established by the use of warships and warship guns since the 15th Century. Based on those facts, we know that Chosun, Puyo(夫餘), and Koguryo are the products of a developmental process of pastoral nomadic empires on the steppes. Maybe we can easily find the pastoral nomadic identity of the Koguryo more than we expected when we trace the origins and history of the Korean tribe living in the pastures located in the northwest area of Mt. Jangbaek by focusing on pastoral nomadic mobility and organization just as we have investigated the historic origins of Anglo-Saxons in America by focusing on the times before the 15th Century. In the process, we should keep in mind that English culture originated from the Industrial Revolution and was directly delivered to the American continent, although America was far from England and was not an intermediate point on long sojourns either. Further, American culture came back to England in a more advanced form later. The most important thing currently to be resolved is to cause Koreans to look back on their own history in a freer way of thinking and with diverse, profound, and sharp insight, taking away the old and existing conventional recognition that is entangled with complicated interests with Korean people and other countries. The meanings of Chosun, Khori, and Solongos have been interpreted arbitrarily without any historic evidence by the scholars who followed conventional tradition of fixed-minded aristocrats in an agricultural society. If the Siberian cultural properties of the stone age, the earthenware age, the bronze age, and the iron age are analyzed in such a way, archaeological discovery will never be able to contribute to the restoration of the Koguryo's pastoral nomadic identity. One should transcend the errors that tend to interpret the cultural properties discovered in the pastoral nomadic regions as not being differentiated from those of agricultural regions and just interpret them altogether from the agricultural point of view. A more careful intention is required in the interpretation of cultural properties of ancient Korean empires that seem to have been formed due to mutual interactions of pastoral nomadic and agricultural cultures. Also, it is required that the conventional recognition chain of 'reverse-genes' be severed, which has placed more weight on agricultural properties than pastoral nomadic ones, since their settlement on agricultural farms was made after the establishment of their ancient pastoral nomadic empires. There is no reason at all to place priority on stoneware, earthenware, bronze ware, and iron ware than on wooden ware(木器) and other ware which were made of animal skins(皮器), bones and horns(骨角器), in analyzing the history in the regions of reindeer or sheep pastures. Reading ancient Korean history from the perspective of pastoral nomadic history, one feels strongly the instinctive emotions to return to the natural 'mother place'. The reindeer-herding pastoral nomadic identity of the Koguryo people that has been accumulated in volumes in their genes and hidden deep inside and have interacted organically could be reborn with Burqanism(Burqan refers to 不咸 in Chinese), which was their religion by birth and symbolized as the red willow(紅柳=不咸). The mother place of the Koguryo's people is the endless vast green pastures of North Eurasia and North America, where we anticipated the development of Korean livestock farming following the inherent properties in the genes of the reindeer-herding pastoral nomads with Korean ancestors. We anticipate that the place would be the core resource that could contribute to the development of life of living creatures following the inherent properties of their genes and biotechnological factors. In other words, biotechnology used for a search for clues on the well-being of humans could be the fruit brought by Burqanism of the Koguryo people and the fruit of the globalization of Korean livestock farming. It is the Chosun farmer in China come from the vast nomadic reindeer pastures of North Eurasia that resolved the food problem of a billion Chinese people with lowland paddy rice seeds (水稻) by transforming Heilongjiang Province(黑龍江省) into an oceanic lowland paddy rice field(水田). Even Mao Tse-tung(毛擇東) could not resolve the food problem by his revolution campaigns for tens of years. Today is the very time that requires the development of special livestock farming following the inherent properties of the ancient Korean reindeer-herding pastoral nomads that respected the dignity of life on the cold and dry plateau of North Eurasia and the America continent. I suggest that research should be started from the pastures of the Dariganga Steppe in East Mongolia that was the homeland of Hanwoo(韓牛) and the central horse-herding steppe place(牧馬場) of Chingis Khan's Mongolia. The Dariganga Steppe is awash with an affluent natural environment for pastoral nomadic living however, the quality of life of the pastoral nomads there is still low. I suggest we Koreans, the descendents of the Koguryo, should take our first steps for our livestock farming business project and develop the Northern nomadic pastures, here at the pastures of the Dariganga Steppe, which is the Mongolian core place of state-of-the-art technology for military weapons.