• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.23-43
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• 2020

The purpose of this paper is to create ecological values for urban rivers. For this, the paper looks into river bed structures and how nearby lands are used. This study was performed to set the specific sections for analysis through a field investigation of the infrastructure conditions, surrounding land use, and the inter habitat structure of Seongnaecheon(Stream). A total of 780 individuals from 31 species of wild birds appeared in Seongnaecheon(Stream). According to foraging guild's habitat, there were 9 species of water, 8 types of water edges, 5 types of crowns, 5 types of shrubs, 2 types of tree trunks, 2 types of birds of raptors, and 355 individuals of water, 243 shrubs, 90 crowns, 84 water edges and 5 raptors. Many water birds were observed at the site where the Seongnaecheon(Stream) sandy plains and wetland herbaceous area were developed and the open water was secured. Most of the forest birds appeared on levee slope connected with forest around and riverside with fewer facilities for use. The species diversity index of Shannon, the entire section of Seongnaecheon(Stream), was 2.2697 and the downstream ecological landscape conservation area of Seongnaecheon(Stream) was found to be useful as a habitat for wild birds in the city compared to other sections. Some sections of Seongnaecheon (Stream) had low species diversity index due to lack of green space and surrounding urbanization areas. In choosing target species, I researched the special features of the habitats and the habitation structure of wild birds in each zone. Regarding detailed plans, by classifying the breeding place & roosting site and the roosting site & shelter that took account of the inhabitation characteristics of the target species in different sections, this paper suggested the major plant species and multilayer planting structures. Moreover, this study proposed the development of habitats for water birds and forest birds along with the connection of the green network for improving the Eco-corridor linkage and inhabitation features in Seongnaecheon(Stream).

• 한국해양학회지:바다
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.93-102
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• 2001

1999년 3월, 7월, 9월 및 11월에 섬진강 하구역에서 염분경사에 따른 식물플랑크톤과 동물플랑크톤의 현존량과종 조성의 변화를 조사하였다. 조사 정점은 지리적 위치보다는 각 조사시마다 표층 염분을 현장에서 측정하여 결정하였다. 식물플랑크톤은 총 96종이 동정되었으며, 그 중 돌말류가 60종으로 전 조사해역에서 출현하였다. 저염분역에서는 녹조류의 종수가 비교적 높았으며 고염분역으로 갈수록 와편모조류의 종수가 증가하였다. 월별 식물플랑크톤 현존량의 평균 값은 $183{\sim}833$cells/m의 범위로 11월에는 5${\sim}$15 psu 염분역에서 Skeletonema costatum의 bloom이 발생하였으며 초저염분역에서 현존량의 급격한 감소는 3월에 관찰되었다. 염분이 8.1 psu 이하의 분포를 보였던 강우기인 7월에 대부분의 조사해역에서 녹조류가 우점하였다. Chroomonas spp.는 3월과 9월에 높게 우점하였으며 고염분역으로 갈수록 현존량이 증가하였다. 동물플랑크톤은 3회의 조사에서 총 83개의 분류군이 검색되었고, 이중해산 분류군은 총 72개로 요각류가 34개 분류군을 차지하고 있었으며 담수 분류군은 총 11개로 수서 곤충류가 대부분을 차지하였다. 동물플랑크톤 종 조성은 해수의 유입에 의해 크게 의존하는 것으로 나타났으며 담수종이 출현하는 염분 한계는 시기적으로 달랐는데, 7월에는 8.1 psu 이하에서 , 9월에는 4.7 psu 이하에서 , 11월에는 0.2 psu 이하에서만 출현하였다. 하구역 염분 변화에 따른 동물플랑크톤 출현 양상의 특징은 풍수기에서 갈수기로 진행되면서다소 변화하는 양상을 보이지만 대체로 중간 정도의 염분 구역에서 출현 종과 개체수가 감소하는 경향을 보였다.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.191-202
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• 2024

지구 온난화는 대기 중 온실가스 농도 증가에 기인하여 전 세계적으로 이상기후를 유발하고 생태계와 인류에게 부정적인 영향을 미치고 있다. 이에 대응하여 각국은 다양한 방법으로 온실가스 감축을 시도하고 있으며, 해안 생태계가 흡수하는 탄소인 블루카본(blue carbon)에 대한 관심도 증가하고 있다. 블루카본은 그린카본(green carbon) 대비 탄소흡수 속도가 최대 50배 빠른 것으로 알려져 있어 기후 변화 대응에 있어 중요한 역할을 한다. 특히, 세계 5대 갯벌 중 하나인 대한민국의 갯벌은 생물 종 다양성이 풍부하고 뛰어난 탄소흡수원으로 평가되고 있다. 블루카본 관련 기존 연구에서는 갯벌의 탄소 저장량 및 연간 탄소 흡수량에 초점을 맞추었으나 위성자료를 활용하여 직접 갯벌의 면적 변화를 탐지하고 이를 탄소 저장량과 연계한 사례는 부족하다. 이에 본 연구에서는 다중시기 고해상도 위성자료인 PlanetScope 및 RapidEye 자료에 Direct Difference Water Index를 적용하여 연구지역인 낙동강 하구 갯벌의 면적 및 변화를 2013년부터 2023년 사이의 6개 시기에 대해 장기적으로 분석하고 시기별 탄소 저장량을 산정하였다. 분석 결과 연구지역 내 갯벌 면적은 조위 기준이 상이한 2013년 시기를 제외하였을 때 최소 약 9.38 km² (2022년), 최대 약 9.89 km² (2021년)로 연간 최대 약 5.4%가 변화하였으며 탄소 저장량은 최소 약 30,230.0 Mg C, 최대 31,893.7 Mg C로 산정되었다.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.271-278
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• 2008

The purpose of this research provides the basic solution about waterfront and promotes the inherent capability, that recoveries both the river and gives the river for water quality to improve plan. In this study, we compare and analysis the slope contact between filter media of the porous concrete and planting concrete. As a result, when appling the porous concrete, it can show the removal efficiency is SS 53%, BOD 39%, COD 20%, T-N 36% T-P 42% and appling planting concrete is SS 58%, BOD42%, COD 26%, T-N 45%, T-P 53%. Therefore, planting concrete is higher removal efficiency (SS 5%, BOD 3%, COD 6%, T-N 9%, T-P 10%) than porous concrete. The experimental results show that using purification filter media on planting concrete is better than on porous concrete, because it have the higher purification filter efficiency. The quality of water improves vegetarian concrete, that can expect the increase of the self-purification capacity and improve the spectacle for providing the waterside and planting of planting concrete. In addition, it can complete and apply the research if having enough time for experimentation and accurate study for mechanism by plant, we can use both planting concrete filter media and the existing dike. As a result, we can gain the better quality of the water of the city's rivers and good economic value, that is spread by all cities applicable technologies. So it can be expected using well for future.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제58권1호
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• pp.39-51
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• 2016

Extreme floods occur more often recently as the frequency of extreme storm events increase due to the climate change. Because the extreme flood exceeding the design flood can cause large-scale disasters, it is important to predict and prepare for the future extreme flood. Flood flow is affected by two main factors; rainfall and land use. To predict the future extreme flood, both changes in rainfall due to the climate change and land use should be considered. The objective of this study was to simulate the future design flood in the Hwangguji river watershed, South Korea. The climate and land use change scenarios were derived from the representative concentration pathways (RCP) 4.5 and 8.5 scenarios. Conversion of land use and its effects (CLUE) and hydrologic modelling system (HEC-HMS) models were used to simulate the land use change and design flood, respectively. Design floods of 100-year and 200-year for 2040, 2070, and 2100 under the RCP4.5 and 8.5 scenarios were calculated and analyzed. The land use change simulation described that the urban area would increase, while forest would decrease from 2010 to 2100 for both the RCP4.5 and 8.5 scenarios. The overall changes in design floods from 2010 to 2100 were similar to those of probable rainfalls. However, the impact of land use change on design flood was negligible because the increase rate of probable rainfall was much larger than that of curve number (CN) and impervious area.

• ALGAE
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.275-284
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• 2017

Microcystis aeruginosa causes harmful algal blooms in the Nakdong River of Korea. We studied the effect of different concentrations and ratios of ammonium ($NH_4{^+}$), nitrate ($NO_3{^-}$), and phosphate ($PO{_4}^{3-}$) on growth of this species in BG-11 medium: each nutrient alone, $NO_3{^-}:NH_4{^+}$ ratio, the N : P ratio with fixed total N (TN), and the N : P ratio with fixed total P (TP). The single nutrient experiments indicated that M. aeruginosa had the highest growth rate at $NH_4{^+}$ and $NO_3{^-}$ concentrations of $500{\mu}M$, and at a $PO{_4}^{3-}$ concentration of $5{\mu}M$. The $NO_3{^-}:NH_4{^+}$ ratio experiments showed that M. aeruginosa had the highest growth rate at a ratio of 1 : 1 when TN was $100{\mu}M$ and $250{\mu}M$, and the lowest growth rate at a ratio of 1 : 1 when the TN was $500{\mu}M$. The N : P ratio with fixed TN experiments indicated that M. aeruginosa had the highest growth rates at 50 : 1, 20 : 1, and 100 : 1 ratios when the TN was 100, 250, and $500{\mu}M$, respectively. In contrast, the N : P ratio with fixed TP experiments showed that M. aeruginosa had the highest growth rates at 200 : 1 ratio at all tested TP concentrations. In conclusion, our results imply that the $NO_3{^-}:NH_4{^+}$ ratio and the $PO{_4}^{3-}$ concentration affect the early stage of growth of M. aeruginosa. In particular, our results suggest that the maximum growth of M. aeruginosa is not simply affected by the $NO_3{^-}:NH_4{^+}$ ratio and the N : P ratio, but is determined by the TN concentration if a certain minimum $PO{_4}^{3-}$ concentration is present.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.25-35
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• 2013

We investigated the effects of shell height on reproductive potential of the female Rapana venosa in three regions of different salinities (the coastal zone of the Gwangyang Bay (S-1); the upper reaches (S-3); lower reaches (S-2) of the Seomjin River). The number of egg capsules, egg capsule height, and fecundity associated with reproductive potential of larger female rapa whelks were higher than those of smaller individuals in all three regions. Correlation analyses showed that there is a significant positive correlation between egg capsule and female shell height. Mean of shell heights, egg capsule heights, the number of egg capsules in an egg mass, and fecundity in an egg capsule produced from female individuals inhabiting S-1 region were markedly higher than those inhabiting S-2 and S-3 regions. In particular, the fecundity of the rapa whelk increased with the salinity and shell height. Although large rapa whelks produced a large number of egg capsules at S-1 region, those at S-3 habitat laid less egg capsules with smaller size. If these rapa whelks were put into S-2 region, the number of egg capsules produced by a female at S-2 region was slightly larger than those produced by a female at S-3 region. This provides a clear evidence that the number of the egg capsules can be controlled by the salinity. In the coastal zone of the Gwangyang Bay and the upper reaches of Seomjin River, the fecundity of this species was estimated to be approximately 182,000-1,302,000 eggs/ind./yr.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.11-23
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• 2011

Mountain streams, which are major components of an entire river network, play an important role as the source of water, sediment, coarse and fine organic matter, and nutrients for lowland rivers. Therefore, dynamics and downstream linkages of each compartment of the mountain stream can be essential for watershed management in catchment scale. The dynamics and downstream linkages are understood as a development of step-pool sequences along a river course. Recently, stream restoration after flooding event often employ the development of step-pool sequences in the world. In this paper, we 1) examined the geomorphic characteristics and the role of step-pool sequences in steep mountain streams by reviewing the results of past studies, and 2) introduced the case studies of stream restoration using step-pool sequences, and finally 3) addressed design methods considering geometry and stability of artificial step-pool sequences for stream restoration. Step-pool sequences play an important role not only as roughness with energy dissipation but also as heterogeneity of stream feature for aquatic habitat. Step-pool sequences, even if they are constructed artificially along a stream, may be effective for small stream restoration considering eco-friendly torrent controls. So far the artificial step-pool sequences were employed for mountainous streams, but those would be applied to urban stream.

• 한국해양환경ㆍ에너지학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.52-62
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• 2014

금강 하구언 건설 이후 20년 동안 나타난 수서환경의 각종 변화에 관한 연구결과를 호수측과 하구측을 비교하는 방식으로 정리하였다. 유사한 점은 양측 모두에서 물의 체류시간 증가, 수질악화, 퇴적물내 유기물농도 증가, 하천유입 퇴적물의 이동경로 차단현상이 나타났다. 전체적으로 호수측이 하구측보다 악영향이 강하게 나타났지만, 호수측에서는 영양염농도의 증가와 남조류 대량발생 등 수질악화현상이 두드러지게 나타난 반면, 하구측에서는 퇴적물의 이동경로차단으로 인하여 군산하구내 퇴적현상이 심화되어 정상적인 하구의 기능을 저해하고 있다.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제62권6호
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• pp.21-31
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• 2020

This study analyzed the spatio-temporal change pattern of greenhouse areas for Sangnam-myeon and Samrangjin-eup of Miryang-si in Gyeongnam, which is one of major greenhouse area. First, in order to overcome the lack of statistical data of the distribution of greenhouses, aerial and satellite images were interpreted from 1987 to 2018, and the spatial distribution of the greenhouse parcels which has continuously increased was mapped based on the digital cadastral map. Next, through the emerging hot spot tool in ArcGIS Desktop, the spatio-temporal change in transition from open-field to greenhouse cultivation was classified into 9 clusters. About 67.7% of the target area was categorized as a hot spot, and the pattern of New hot spot, which were recently converted to greenhouse parcels, covered about 34.1%. While, about 11.3% of parcels were expected to keep the existing open-field cultivation practice for a while. Overall, the greenhouse parcels have been densely developed along a river and were lately expanding even to the far neighbor. It implied that, in the future, the competition of water intake among farms would be more serious and the environmental responsibility in consideration of water quality as well as quantity would be getting strengthened due to increasing pollution loads and river intake.