• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.67-73
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• 1999

In order to increase the enzymatic activity of malt used as a source of traditional processing foods, the enzymatic activities of various barley were examined and the effects of ozone and light illumination treatment on the enzymatic activities of amylase, amylase, and glucanase in malt during man ufacture were also examined. Barley didn't show amylase activity prior to soaking, but the activity of barley increased quickly after soaking. Glutinous barley showed the highest amylase activity among Duru barley, Ol barley, two rowed barley and naked barley. Naked barley showed the lowest activity. The amylase activity was the highest in Duru barley and decreased in the order of in glutinous barley, naked barley and two rowed barley. It was showed that the enzymatic activity of malt was higher than that of control when malt was soaked for 24hr at the concentration of 0.3ppm of ozone. The enzymatic activity of malt treated with light illumination was higher than that of control. The bud and root of light illuminated malt was much stronger than that of control. The root of light illuminated malt was much shorter than that of control. In addition, light illuminated malt showed a little green color which matches the demand of consumer. These studies demonstrated that both ozone and light illumination treatment increased the enzymatic activity of malt to result in high quality of malt manufacture.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.877-886
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• 2019

Brewing with buckwheat as an ingredient has been proven to be successful in several previous studies. However, few studies have focused on the effects of buckwheat on the rutin content and antioxidant activity of beer. In order to develop a lager beer with high rutin content and desirable sensory characteristics, tartary buckwheat malt was used as a brewing adjunct. The results showed that the rutin-degrading enzyme was the key factor affecting the rutin content in the wort and beer. Compared to beer made using the common mashing method, the rutin content in the buckwheat beers produced using an improved mashing method was approximately 60 times higher. The total flavonoid contents in buckwheat beers also depended strongly on the mashing methods, ranging from 530.75 to 1,704.68 mg QE/l. The rutin-rich beers also showed better oxidative stability during forced-aging. Meanwhile, the buckwheat beers were found to be acceptable in terms of the main quality attributes, flavor, and taste.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.68-73
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• 2007

엿의 품질을 높이기 위하여 이들의 제품에 클로렐라, 홍삼, 녹차, 알로에를 첨가하여 기능성 엿을 제조하고, 각 시료의 환원당, 색도 그리고 관능적 품질 평가를 실시한 결과는 다음과 같다. 포도당은 대조구, 클로렐라, 홍삼, 녹차 및 알로에엿에서 7.39%, 7.35%, 7.25%, 8.87% 및 7.43%로 나타났고, maltose는 68.10%, 60.46%, 68.32%, 67.88% 및 70.46%로 나타났다. Maltotriose는 21.12%, 20.51%, 20.30%, 22.14% 및 21.72%로 나타났다. 색도는 명도를 나타내는 L값은 대조구가 72.44였으며, 클로렐라, 홍삼, 녹차, 알로에는 각각 22.93, 23.34,23.56, 19.64였다. 적색도 a값은 대조구가 -1.55, 클로렐라, 홍삼, 녹차, 알로에는 각각 -1.77, -0.20, -0.40, -0.44였다. 그리고 황색도 b값은 대조구가 22.81, 클로렐라, 홍삼, 녹차, 알로에는 각각 8.72, 4.00, 6.57, 6.44였다. 관능은 순위검사 결과 홍삼을 첨가한 것(S3)이 관능적으로 우수한 것으로 판단되나 1% 유의수준에서 S3, 녹차첨가(S4) 및 알로에 첨가(S5)사이의 유의적인 차이가 인정되지 않는 것으로 나타났다.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.165-169
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• 1992

녹맥아로부터 $endo-{\beta}-1,3-glucanase$를 추출하여 각종 수지로써 정제하여 glucanase I과 glucanase II의 존재를 확인하였고, 정제한 두 효소의 특성에 대하여 실험한 결과, 두 정제 효소의 분자량은 각각 35,000과 28,000으로 추정되었으며 최적 pH는 5.5이었고 pH 안정 범위는 각각 달랐다. 두 정제효소의 최적 온도는 glucanase I, II 다 같이 $40^{\circ}C$이었으며 glucanase I에 비해 glucanase II가 열에 다소 안정하였다. 그리고 $AgNO_3$와 $HgCl_2$와 같은 화합물은 효소활성을 저해하였다. Laminarin을 기질로 하여 측정한 Km값은 glucanase I, II 각각 1.03 mg/ml, 1.20 mg/ml이었다.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제11권
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• pp.131-136
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• 1969

저선량(低線量) 방사선(放射線)의 생물학적(生物學的) 촉진효과(促進效果) (possitive effect)는 이미 주지(周知)된 사실(事實)인 바 맥아(麥芽)의 역가증대(力價增大)에 대(對)한 그 응용성(應用性) 여하(如何)를 검토(檢討)하기 위(爲)하여 대맥종자(大麥種子)에 10, 100, 1000, 10000 rads의 ${\gamma}$선(線)을 조사(照射)하고 맥아(麥芽)를 만들어 기중(其中)의 몇몇 효소(酵素)의 활성(活性)을 측정(測定)한 결과(結果) 다음과 같은 성적(成績)을 얻었다. 1. 표준구(標準區)에 비(比)해 조사구(照射區)의 생체중(生體重)은 1,000rads 이하의 저선량구(低線量區)에서는 증가(增加)되었으나 10,000rads의 고선량구(高線量區)에서는 감소(減少)되었다. 2. ${\alpha}$-amylase activity 및 당화력(糖化力)은 전조사구(全照射區)에서 증대(增大)되었으며 특(特)히 100rads 구(區)에서 최대치(最大値)를 나타내었다. 증대효과(增大效果)는 ${\alpha}$-amylase activity의 경우 $26{\sim}69%$ 당화력(糖化力)의 경우 $87{\sim}178%$이었다. 3. pretense activity는 1,000rads이하의 저선량구(低線量區)에서는 거의 변화(變化)가 없고 10,000rads의 고선량구(高線量區)에서는 현저히 감소(減少)되었다. 4. 생맥아중(生麥芽中)의 환원당(還元糖) 함량(含量)은 전조사구(全照射區)에서 감소(減少) 되었으며 특(特)히 100, 1,000 rads 구(區)에서 더욱 감소(減少)되었다. 5. 생맥아중(生麥芽中)의 soluble protein 함량(含量)은 전조사구(全照射區)에서 증가(增加)되었으며 특(待)히 100rads 구(區)에서 가장 증가(增加)되었다.

• 한국미생물생명공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국미생물생명공학회 1986년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.520.1-520
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• 1986

Endo-$\beta$-1,3-glucanase는 barley glucan, laminarin등에 특이적으로 작용하는 효소로서 Malting process, Brewing process에 중요한 효소이다. 본 연구에서는 산업적으로 이용하기 위한 기초자료를 얻기 위하여 국산맥주맥으로 발아한 Green Malt를 Sample로 하여 Endo-$\beta$-1,3-glucanase를 추출하여 (DEAE Sephadex A-50, CM sephadex C- 50 Sephadex G-75)등을 이용하여 정제하여 이들 정제효소의 효소학적 성질등을 검토하였다.

• Mycobiology
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.85-91
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• 2011

We investigated the effect of nutritional and environmental factors on Ophiocordyceps longissima mycelial growth. The longest colony diameter was observed on Schizophyllum (mushroom) genetics complete medium plus yeast extract, Schizophyllum (mushroom) genetics minimal medium, and Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA); however, malt-extract yeast-extract agar, SDA plus yeast extract, yeast-extract malt-extract peptone dextrose agar, SDA, oatmeal agar, and potato dextrose agar showed higher mycelia density. A temperature of $25^{\circ}C$ was optimum and 7.0 was the optimum pH for mycelial growth. Colony diameter was similar under light and dark conditions. Maltose and yeast extract showed the highest mycelial growth among carbon and nitrogen sources respectively. The effect of mineral salts was less obvious; however, $K_3PO_4$ showed slightly better growth than that of the other mineral salts tested. Among all nutrition sources tested, complex organic nitrogen sources such as yeast extract, peptone, and tryptone were best for mycelial growth of O. longissima. Ophiocordyceps longissima composite medium, formulated by adding maltose (2% w/v), yeast extract (1% w/v), and $K_3PO_4$ (0.05% w/v) resulted in slightly longer colony diameter. In vitro mycelial O. longissima growth was sustainable and the production of fruiting bodies could be used for commercial purposes in the future.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.145-160
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• 2018

녹청균류(Chlorociboria spp.)는 청록색 색소를 생산할 수 있는 연부후성 자낭균류로, 한국에 자생하는 녹청균류를 분리하여 다양한 배양 조건에서 균의 생장 특성과 세포외효소 활성을 조사하였다. 비록 균사 생장 속도는 느렸지만, 시험 균주들은 malt extract agar (MEA) 배지를 제외한 potato dextrose agar (PDA)와 Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA) 배지에서 비교적 잘 생장하였다. PDA와 SDA 배지 상에서 C. poutoensis의 청록색 색소 발현도는 C. aeruginascens 보다 높았다. 최적 생장 온도는 $20{\sim}25^{\circ}C$이며, $10^{\circ}C$보다 $30^{\circ}C$에서 생장력이 약했다. $10{\sim}20^{\circ}C$에서 모든 균주는 배양 온도가 증가함에 따라 균사 생장력도 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 정치배양 시 potato dextrose broth (PDB) 배지의 최적 생장 pH는 균주에 따라 다르게 나타났다. 60일 배양체의 균체량이 가장 높게 나타난 균주는 NIFoS 579 ($114.3{\pm}5.1mg$)로, 비교적 넓은 pH 범위에서도 청록색 색소 발현을 안정적으로 유지하였다. 녹청균류의 모든 시험 균주은 cellulase와 laccase 활성을 나타냈으며, 다른 균주들보다 NIFoS 579의 효소 활성이 확연히 높았다. 이러한 결과들로부터 NIFoS 579는 청록색 천연 염료제로 이용 가능한 후보 균주라 생각한다.

• Mycobiology
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.7-12
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• 2010

A green mold species that has not previously been reported in Korea was isolated from oak log beds used for shiitake (Lentinula edodes) cultivation that were infested by mushroom flies. In this study, we identify the mold species as Gliocladium viride (an anamorph of Hypocrea lutea) and describe its mycological properties. The fungus was cottony on both potato dextrose agar (PDA) and Czapek yeast extract agar (CYA), but was colored white on PDA and became yellowish green and brown on CYA. Mycelial growth on PDA attained a diameter of 73 mm at $30^{\circ}C$ after 5 days. The fungus grew faster on malt extract agar (> 80 mm, 5 days at $25^{\circ}C$) compared to CYA and PDA (< 68 mm, 5 days at $25^{\circ}C$). Penicillate conidiophores of the fungus are hyaline, smooth walled, branching above typically in four stages, and $120\sim240\;{\mu}m$ in length. Club-shaped or slender phialides are formed on the metulae. Conidia of the fungus were ovate and elliptic, yellowish brown and green, and $2.5\sim3.0\;{\mu}m\times1.8\sim2.3\;{\mu}m$ in size. Typically, slimy conidia are formed in a mass and colored brown to dark green to almost black. The internal transcribed spacer rDNA and translation elongation factor 1 alpha gene sequences of the fungus isolated here show 99% identity with previously identified G. viride strains.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.25-28
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• 2000

The effect of ionic osmotic potential (Ψ$\pi$), and matric potential (Ψm) in the range of -0.2 to -4.0 Mpa on mycelial growth of three species of Pleurotus (P.florida, P.ostrenatus and P.safor-caju) were determined over a range of temperature (15-3$0^{\circ}C$) on a 2% malt extract agar medium and compared with the Ψ$\pi$ effect on growth of two strains of Trichoderma green mould. With the ionic solute KCl, optimun Ψ$\pi$for growth was -0.2 MPa for P.floreda and in the range of -0.2 to -0.5 MPa, with slight growth at -3.0 MPa and with nogrowth at -4.0 MPa. Of the species of Pleurotus, P.florida grew signigicantly slower than the other two species. Growt of the species of Pleurocus was significantly slower when water potential (Ψ$\omega$) was modified matrically with polyethylene glycol (PEG) 8000 then osmotically with KCl. They were also more sensitive to changes in Ψm than Ψ$\pi$The optimum Ψm of the Pleurotus was -0.5 Ψm, with no growth below -3.0 MPa. Of the species of Pleurotus, P.florida was most sensitive and P.sajor-caju was more tolerent to lowered Ψ$\pi$,but P.sajor-caju was most sensitive to lowered Ψm. The growth rate of the Trichoderma green mould strains was much faster than that observed for the Pleurotus spp. Optimum growth for bot strains of Trichoderma was in the range of -0.2 to -0.5 MPa. Strain CNU 503 was more tolerant to water stress than strain CNU 501. Both strains were able to grow up to 30% of optimum growth at -4.0 MPa at 25-3$0^{\circ}C$.