• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.9-16
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• 1978

A Comparison of the analysis of the green and roast coffee of Arabica and Robusta compositions and regular instant coffee has been investigated by chromatography. The coffee oil were obtained by extracting the green and roast coffee with ethyl ether by soxhlet methood. Instant coffee samples were accurately weighted into 100ml beaker (ca. 0.5g regular coffee and 1.5g decaffeinated coffee) and add ca. 50ml water, heat and boil, remove from heat, and mechanically stried ca. 15min. and filtered of one sample and another sample were without filtrated and proceed with liquid chromatographic separation. The fatty acid compositions of green and roast coffee were compared by gas liquid chromatography and general chemical compositions of sample were analysed. Some similarities between green and roast coffee fatty acids were found in the case of green and roast coffee of both kinds acid methyl esters. They contained stearic, oleic, linoleic, and unknown fatty acid, and palmitic ana linoleic acid were rich.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.703-711
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• 2009

Arabica coffee is classified for trading according to the New York Board of Trade(NYBOT) green coffee classification. NYBOT's grading system is based on classification derived from a defect count on a 300 g sample. In the present study, green and roasted coffees were investigated for possible correlations between the content of defective beans and sensory characteristics. Sensory evaluation was performed by expert tasters used by the Specialty Coffee Association of America(SCAA) cupping method. For green coffee, the percentage of defective beans increased. as the coffee grade decreased. Black and sour beans were not found in the NY2 grade coffee out of all natural, pulped natural, and washed coffee samples. Sour and insect damage were found in more natural coffee samples as the green coffee grade decreased. Green and broken beans were found in more washed coffee samples as the green coffee grade decreased. Flavor, clean, uniformity, aftertaste, and overall sensory characteristics were significantly different among the NY2, NY3/4 and NY4/5 grade coffee in all natural, pulped natural and washed coffee samples. The natural coffee in the NY2 sample presented the highest body characteristic. The pulped natural coffee in the NY2 sample presented the highest sweetness and balance characteristics. The washed coffee in the NY2 sample presented the highest acidity and flavor characteristics. In conclusion, the percentage of defective beans increased as sensory characteristics decreased.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.97-103
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• 2017

This study investigated the quality characteristics and antioxidant activities of breads prepared with 0, 3, 6, 9 and 12% green coffee bean powder. Fermentation rate of dough was reduced with increasing green coffee bean powder content. Volume, weight, and specific volume also decreased, whereas pH of breads increased with increasing content of green coffee bean powder. As powder concentration increased, 'L' value of breads decreased, whereas 'a' and 'b' values of breads increased. The hardness of breads increased upon addition of green coffee bean powder, whereas cohesiveness and springiness decreased. Chewiness was not significantly different among the groups. 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity was significantly elevated by addition of green coffee bean powder. In the sensory evaluation, color, flavor and texture were highest in the control group. The sample containing 3% green coffee bean powder had the highest taste score. Overall acceptability was highest in the control group but not significantly different from the control group in breads with 3% and 6% green coffee bean powder.

• 한국근적외분광분석학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국근적외분광분석학회 2001년도 NIR-2001
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• pp.1151-1151
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• 2001

The international coffee trade is conducted almost exclusively with green coffee. The main coffee producing countries include Brazil, Columbia, Indonesia, Mexico and the Ivory Coast. About 99 % of the coffee grown throughout the world belong to two coffee plant varieties that are commonly known as Arabica and Robusta. The quality of green coffee can be assessed according to several ISO standards (1,2,3,4,5). However, no official international standards for the authenticity of green coffee have been issued. It is important to know the country of origin of the coffee for the purposes of fair international trade. The geographic origin of the coffee is often stated on the label of coffee products such as speciality roasted and soluble coffees. Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIR) is an accepted technique for quantitative analysis of various parameters in routine QC analysis of food products. It would appear to be a promising candidate as a tool for identification of green coffee origin and numerous feasibility studies have appeared in the literature on its use for soluble, roasted and green coffee variety identification as well as identification of arabica or robusta coffees. NIR spectrophotometers when configured in the reflectance mode are able to perform a complete profile of the NIR spectrum on whole beans. The data can then be interpreted by discriminant chemometrics data analysis. This is the approach used in the present study.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.300-306
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• 2010

Arabica coffee has been classified for trading according to the New York Board of Trade (NYBOT) green coffee classification. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the physiochemical and sensorial characteristics of coffees classified by NYBOT as NY2 (specialty coffee), NY3/4 and NY4/5 (commercial coffee). The density of green coffee was higher for the NY2 sample. The amount of total solids in brewed coffee increase as the green coffee grade decreased and the pH levels decreased as the coffee grade decreased. Descriptive analysis using a 15cm line scale was carried out by 12 trained panelists prepared by espresso coffee and consumer preference tests were carried out by 168 consumers. The NY2 sample had the highest fruity, acidity, sweetness and aftertaste characteristics. In addition, green, rio, sour and astringency characteristics increased as the coffee grade decreased. Acceptance of aroma, flavor, taste balance and overall were higher for the NY2 sample. In the consumer preference test, the NY2 and NY4/5 samples had a similar distribution, but consumers between the ages of 20 to 30 who like to drink brewed coffee more than instant coffee preferred the NY2 than sample over the NY3/4 sample. In conclusion, significant differences were observed among the three groups of green coffee classification in all physicochemical and sensory parameters.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제11권10호
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• pp.103-122
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• 2013

커피는 산지와 재배 환경에 따라 그 특성이 달라지고 결정되어지므로, 커피의 향미와 품질은 그린커피에서부터 시작된다는 것은 주지의 사실이다. 하지만 현재 커피교육은 커피 로스팅, 추출, 서비스 등의 바리스타 실무교육에만 주력하고 있고 그린커피에 대한 전문적인 지식교육은 미비한 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구는 향후 그린커피 교육을 위하여 교과과정을 계획하고 설계하는데 도움을 주고자 교과과정 개발의 기초 자료를 마련하는 데에 목적이 있다. 이를 위해서, 전국의 커피교사를 대상으로 설문하여 그린커피에 대한 인식 정도와 교육 현황을 살펴본 후 그린커피교육의 요구사항을 분석하였고, 또 현재 커피교육을 받고 있는 학생을 대상으로 그린커피교육의 필요성과 교육현황을 설문하였다. 또한 커피전문가를 대상으로 인터뷰하여 그린커피의 교육 방향 및 학습 요인도 분석하였다. 이를 토대로 그린커피 교육의 목표를 설정하고 교육내용을 선정하였으며 교과명 및 학습 단원을 조직하여 교수-학습이 이루어지기 위한 체계적인 교과과정을 제안하였다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.773-781
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• 2011

Coffee beans are processed from coffee cherries by either natural, pulped natural, or washing. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the physiochemical and sensory characteristics of espresso coffees processed by different methods. The color of the washed coffee sample presented the highest value of lightness while the natural coffee sample presented the highest value of redness and yellowness. The biggest difference in brewed coffee, whether natural, pulped natural, or washed, was in the TDS content, which was higher in natural coffee and lower in washed coffee. Sensory descriptive analysis and acceptance test for espresso coffee using a 15 cm line scale were carried out by 12 trained panelists. Natural coffee had the highest cherry-like flavor and sweetness taste while washed coffee had the highest citrus flavor and acidity taste. An important attribute of espresso coffee is body, and natural coffee presented strong body while washed coffee presented a low body attribute. In conclusion, significant differences were observed among the three processing methods of green coffee. Pulped natural coffees presented intermediate physiochemical and sensory characteristics compared to washed and natural coffee. Natural coffees are appreciated for their increased body, and washed coffees are appreciated for added citrus flavors and acidity espresso coffee blends.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.65-82
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• 2004

This research is to make an attempt the analysis award consumption state, import and export in the world coffee market. This research results were as follows. First, The result of the analysis of Korea coffee market, imports of green bean were 1,316,000 bags from export countries in 2000. Re-exports of processed coffee were 71,000 bags in 2000. Main suppliers were Brazil, Viet Nam, Honduras, Colombia, Indonesia. Second, The result of the analysis of United State coffee market, imports of all forms of coffee were 19.29 million bags. Main suppliers were Brazil(15%), Viet Nam(15%), Colombia(17%) etc. Third, The result of the analysis of Japan market, imports of green beans were 6.37million bags in 2001. Re-exports of processed coffee were 166.000million bags. Consumption per head in 2001 was about 3.5 kg and Japanese coffee consumer now drink on average 11.0 cups per week.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.114-119
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• 2016

This study aimed to investigate changes in the diverse compound in coffee beans under different roasting conditions. Four different kinds of chemical characteristics (phenolic contents, flavonoid contents, chlorogenic acid, and caffeine) were analyzed. According to the temperature of coffee roasting, this study categorized green bean, extract A ($191^{\circ}C$), B ($202^{\circ}C$), C ($220^{\circ}C$), and D ($233^{\circ}C$). As a result, total phenol compound showed low level of total phenol compound at lower temperatures. Extract A showed significantly higher level of total flavonoid ($111.33{\pm}10.14$), green bean showed $83.67{\pm}2.43$, Extract B $46.11{\pm}2.38$, C and D showed $31.44{\pm}0.12$, $19.22{\pm}0.46$ respectively. Green bean showed higher level of chlorogenic acid ($64.47{\pm}0.51$), Extract A ($39.66{\pm}0.47$), extract B ($12.45{\pm}0.99$), C, D ($3.59{\pm}0.31$, $0.63{\pm}0.12$) respectively. This study also noted that there are significant different in terms of caffeine content. Extract A has higher level of caffeine content ($38.45{\pm}1.70$) significantly, green bean ($27.14{\pm}2.27$), extract B ($18.95{\pm}0.64$), extract C ($17.89{\pm}0.96$). As a conclusion, we revealed that roasting conditions play an important role in the composition of coffee compounds.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제39권9호
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• pp.1279-1285
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• 2010

본 연구는 국내의 건강한 성인 남녀를 대상으로 녹차와 커피를 섭취하는 군에서의 식이 섭취 상태를 분석하고, 녹차와 커피가 혈중 지질 농도에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 알아보기 위해 수행 되었다. 전체 대상자의 남여 비율은 56.1%, 43.9%로 비슷한 수준을 나타냈고, 전체 대상자의 연령 분포는 40대와 50대가 전체의 80% 수준을 차지했다. 남자 대상자의 대조군, 녹차섭취군, 커피섭취군은 신장, 체중, 체지방률, 허리둘레, 체질량지수에서 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다. 여자 대상자의 세 군 비교 결과 신장, 체지방률, 허리둘레, 체질량지수는 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았고, 체중에서 커피섭취군이 대조군과 녹차섭취군에 비해 유의적으로 높게 나타났다(p<0.05). 남녀 모두 총 에너지 섭취량에는 유의적인 차이가 없었으며, 남자 대상자의 경우 지방섭취량에서 녹차섭취군과 커피섭취군이 대조군에 비해 유의적으로 높게 나타났다(p<0.05). 혈중 총 콜레스테롤 및 저밀도 지단백 콜레스테롤 농도, Atherogenic Index, Cardiac Index에서 녹차섭취군이 대조군에 비하여 낮은 값을 나타냈으나 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다. 그러나 녹차섭취군이 커피섭취군에 비하여 유의적으로 낮은 값을 나타내었다(p<0.05). 이상과 같이 본 연구의 녹차와 커피 섭취에 따른 혈중 지질 농도의 비교 결과, 녹차의 섭취가 혈중 총 콜레스테롤 농도에 미치는 영향은 나타나지 않았으나 커피의 섭취는 혈중 지질성상 중 총 콜레스테롤과 저밀도 지단백 콜레스테롤에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.