• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.286-291
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• 2001

We propose a new saliency map model for selecting an attended location in an arbitrary visual scene, which is one of the most important characteristics of human vision system. In selecting an attended location, an edge information can be considered as a feature basis to construct the saliency map. Edge filters are obtained from the independent component analysis(ICA) that is the best way to find independent edges in natural gray scenes. In order to reflect the non-uniform density in our retina, we use a multi-scaled pyramid input image instead of using an original input image. Computer simulation results show that the proposed saliency map model with multi-scale property successfully generates the plausible attended locations.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.373-384
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to analyse the stress distribution on the craniofacial suture and cranium after application of RME. Twelve years and six months old boy and twenty years old adult male were chosen for taking computed-tomography for FEM. From DICOM visual information, it was processed by 3-dimensional image construction program Mimics 10.01. Hounsfield unit(HU) which shows gray scale of CT image is picked for revealing mechanical properties of each model. The models have been accomplished with various range of physical properties. After applying 5.0 mm expansion, the maxillary complex model was obeserved for analyzing displacement and stress distribution of the model. The amount of transverse expansion of child and adult maxilla is different according to its location. It appears that it decreases gradually with the distance from separation site. In child, maximum compressive stress located broad area in zygomatic buttress department and the ends of frontal process of maxilla, pterygoid plate, and bones surrounding orbit. However, in adult maximum compressive stress was located smaller area and the stres was higher than child.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.47-53
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• 2006

Since ultrasound has different reflections depending on components of organization, analysis of ultrasound images of skeletal muscle can offer both quantitative and qualitative reports as concerns skeletal muscle structure. This study is focused on the ultrasound method for evaluating the structural characteristics of skeletal muscle and also conducted to examine its practicality. After obtaining images of the elbow flexors from an ultrasound image device with 88 normal subjects whose ages were between twenty and seventy years old (44 men and 44 women), muscular density and white area index (WAI) which indicated structural characteristics of skeletal muscle were analyzed with gray scale analysis. The study examined correlations between subject's age and items which obtained from measuring ultrasound images and the differences in relations to sex and age. Muscular density and WAI had a high correlation with age and were significantly increased in men and women with greater age. The quantitative evaluation method of skeletal muscle structure which analyzed the ultrasound images has high practicality because it is a non-invasive method which complements physical therapy diagnosis and research methods and promotes functionality evaluation.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.1383-1391
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• 2018

A new nonlinear filtering algorithm for effectively denoising images corrupted by the random-valued impulse noise, called dual sliding statistics switching median (DSSSM) filter is presented in this paper. The proposed DSSSM filter is made up of two subunits; i.e. Impulse noise detection and noise filtering. Initially, the impulse noise detection stage of DSSSM algorithm begins by processing the statistics of a localized detection window in sorted order and non-sorted order, simultaneously. Next, the median of absolute difference (MAD) obtained from both sorted statistics and non-sorted statistics will be further processed in order to classify any possible noise pixels. Subsequently, the filtering stage will replace the detected noise pixels with the estimated median value of the surrounding pixels. In addition, fuzzy based local information is used in the filtering stage to help the filter preserves the edges and details. Extensive simulations results conducted on gray scale images indicate that the DSSSM filter performs significantly better than a number of well-known impulse noise filters existing in literature in terms of noise suppression and detail preservation; with as much as 30% impulse noise corruption rate. Finally, this DSSSM filter is algorithmically simple and suitable to be implemented for electronic imaging products.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.166-178
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• 2012

Depending on the launch of the emotional generation, many researches developing the automobile preference color which reflects the preference color of the consumers are advanced. This study investigate preferred colors and emotional image of the car color reflecting the product design and consuming psychology. According to surveyed ages and gender, there are eight categories (women/20 's, 30 "s, 40 's, and 50 's and men/20 's, 30 "s, 40 's, and 50 's) based on the 30 persons. Preferred color is black, white, sky blue, purple, pink, and orange order. If black, white and gray are excluded, remained in the order of blue, yellow, and purple. There are big deferences on preference color when emotional preference color of cars is showed or not. Practically, the preference color is following in sensitivity. However the car image is recognized actually with conservativeness, they hesitates selection of the bright chromatic color car.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.16 no.10
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• pp.1135-1146
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• 2013

In this paper, we proposed a new algorithm for individual tooth region segmentation on tooth color images. The proposed algorithm used oral cavity model based on structural feature of tooth and new boundary of watershed algorithm. First, the gray scale image is obtained with emphasized tooth regions from the color images and unnecessary regions are removed on tooth images. Next, the image enhancement of tooth images is implemented using the proposed oral cavity model, and the individual tooth regions are segmented by watershed algorithm on the enhanced images. Boundary and seeds necessary to watershed algorithm are applied boundary of binary image using minimum thresholding and region maximum value. In order to evaluate performance of proposed algorithm, we conduct experiment to compare conventional algorithm with proposed algorithm. As a result of experiment, we confirmed that the proposed algorithm is more improved detection ratio than conventional algorithm at molar regions and the tooth region detection performance is improved by preventing overlap detection on oral cavity.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.43 no.1 s.307
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• pp.17-26
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• 2006

The error diffusion method is one of the digital halftoning processes that transforms the continuous-tone image to the binary image and the method has the excellent reproduction ability. However the error diffusion method using the permanent threshold has difficulty in proper binarization, so the method has the periodic pattern and is unpleasant to the eye. In this paper, to reduce defects and to binarize properly, we propose the error diffusion method using the adaptive threshold. Depending on the intensity distribution of the input gray scale image, we decided on the adaptive threshold with the average of the intensities. The error diffusion method with the adaptive threshold has the better performance than the existing method and is evaluated with experiments and comparisons.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.63-71
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• 2010

In this paper, we propose a boundary based marker binary coding method for augmented reality games, which enables the marker-area to be binary coded well in any lighting environments. First, it detects the boundary after transforming an original marker image to a gray scale image, and it executes 4 way pixel extensions for all boundary pixels in order to make the boundary to closed area. Next, for all boundary pixels it compares the brightness of right and left ones of each pixel and allocates black for the lower side and white for the higher side by filling inside area thru the seeded region growing. Experimental results showed that our proposed method produces a good binary marker image recognizable in various light environments. In addition, it showed the possibility of real-time calculation by considering the result of operation speed which is 51 fps for VGA image.

• Korean Journal of Digital Imaging in Medicine
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.81-87
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• 2010

The setting parameters of ultrasound scanner give influences to change of image. Sonographers have used a Matlab program to make Low Contrast Sensitivity(LCS) value and compared original images in order to evaluate the use of the supersonic diagnosis machinery. We confirmed the change of image in Grayscale values using Photoshop program. Experiment equipment of our research used A Medison Accuvix V10, A Multi-Tissue Ultrasound Phantom(040 GSE) of CHRIS Company, A Adobe Photoshop CS4 Program, A Convex Probe, A USB memory stick, A Probe Fixation Equipment. The method used Gain, Dynamic Range(DR) of the setting parameters of ultrasound scanner and researched Gain and DR was set to 10 dB. We changed the different settings to see the changes of images using Grayscale values of a Photoshop program about tissue images of a phantom. This study evaluated DR and Gain whether it is an image controller to get the optimum contrast to produce an image to see the how effect on the images. We did not use Gateway in supersonic diagnosis machinery. We can easily open to open the files through Photoshop program before we get Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine(DICOM) files use USB memory stick in supersonic diagnosis machinery. When we diagnosed the lesion of the patient with ultrasound, the contrast and the Gray scale value of image are very important. In this research, we determined the optimum setting parameters that provided useful information to diagnose disease and evaluated the change of improved images.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.327-334
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• 2006

The aerial photos need in a simple object such as cartography and ground cover classification and also in a social objects such as the city plan, environment, disaster, transportation etc. However, the shadow, which includes when taking the aerial photos, makes a trouble to interpret the ground information, and also users, who need the photos in their field tasks, have a restriction. Generally the shadow occurs by the building and surface topography, and the detail cause is by changing of the illumination in an area. For removing the shadow this study uses the single image and processes the image without the source of image and taking situation. Also, applying the entropy minimization method it generates the 1-D gray-scale invariant image for creating the shadow edge mask and using the Canny edge detection creates the shadow edge mask, and finally by filtering in Fourier frequency domain creates the intrinsic image which recovers the 3-D color information and removes the shadow.