• Title/Summary/Keyword: grain yield

Search Result 1,643, Processing Time 0.026 seconds

Effects of Long-Term Application of Rice Compost on Rice Yields and Macronutrients in Paddy Soil

  • Park Chang-Young;Jeon Weon-Tae;Park Ki-Do;Kang Ui-Gum;Lee Jae-Seng;Cho Young-Son;Park Sung-Tae
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
    • /
    • v.51 no.2
    • /
    • pp.123-129
    • /
    • 2006
  • A long-term experiment was carried out to examine the effects of compost on the long-term trends and synergy effects with chemical fertilizer and saving the chemical fertilizers of paddy cropping. The experiment was conducted for the past 36 years with constant amounts of N, P, K and compost in a paddy field at Milyang, South Korea. Grain yield was significantly increased in the plots with compost application. Twenty five years after the compost treatment, grain yield was significantly increased and it reached almost 90% of NPK plots. The effect of rice straw compost on grain yield was not clear during the early cropping years about 60%, but it slightly increased there after about 95% during the late five years. In compost plots, soil organic matter content, K and $SiO_2$ was greater in the compost applied plots than with application of recommended doses of NPK. However, soil pH was reduced in compost applied plots and Ca, and Mg were remained unchanged when compared to the application of recommended doses NPK. Soil nutrient contents were less in compost applied plots than with the application of recommended doses of NPK along with compost but was found to be increased than that of un-fertilized plots. The present study indicated that the application of rice straw compost with NPK is the best of all and followed by NPK and Compost. However, treatment of Compost is time consuming and hard working desired and eventually non economical practice in mechanized agricultural systems, even though Compost is very useful source of improving the soil fertility and its physical characteristics and also the application of inorganic N and P are essential for sustaining high yield.

Influences of PE Film Mulching and Planting Density on Growth and Yield of Sickle Senna(Cassia tara L.) (비닐 피복과 재식밀도가 결명의 생육 및 수량에 미치는 영향)

  • Kwon, Byung-Sun;Park, Hi-Jin;Lee, Jung-Il;Chung, Dong-Hee
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
    • /
    • v.37 no.1
    • /
    • pp.54-58
    • /
    • 1992
  • In order to determine the optimum planting density of Sickle Senna (Cassia tora L.), agronomic characters, yield components and grain yield were investigated under vinyl mulching and non -mulching condition. The characters, stem length, stem diameter, number of branches, number of pods per plant, number of pods per m$^2$, and number of grains per pod, etc., were excellent under the vinyl mulching condition, and number of pods per m$^2$ was the highest in 60$\times$15cm planting space under vinyl mulching or non-mulching. Both of the weight of 100 grains and grain yield were also higher under the vinylmulching condition, and grain yield was the most excellent in 60$\times$15cm planting space under the vinlymulching, or non-mulching. Under the vinyl mulching and non-mulching, the analysis of variance for agronomic characters following the difference of planting density, were acknowledged to be worth of attention.

  • PDF

Physiological Response of Barley to Salt Stress at Reproductive Stage (보리 생식생장기의 염(NaCl)처리가 수량 및 몇 가지 생리적 반응에 미치는 영향)

  • Choi, Won-Yul;Park, Jong-Hwan;Kwon, Yong-Woong
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
    • /
    • v.42 no.6
    • /
    • pp.687-692
    • /
    • 1997
  • The barley grown in pot-soil was treated with the NaCl solution of -20 bar in osmotic potential for 10 days, varying the time of treatment: from 20th day before heading; from 10th day before heading and the time of heading. The greatest injury was observed in the case of salt stress at heading or at 10th day before heading: Culm length decreased by 87% : the number of spikes per plant by 82% ; the number of grain per spike by 92% : 1, 000-grain weight by 94% ; yield per pot by 75%. The results also greatly varied depending upon the cultivars and the time of salt stress. Salt stress at the time of heading or at 10th day before heading remarkably decreased yield and yield components. And in terms of grain yield the salt resistance was high in the order of Baegdong, Albori, Hyangmaeg, Olbori and Durubori.

  • PDF

Yield Comparisons of Different Methods of Waxy Fraction Extraction from Grain Sorghum

  • Weller, Curtis L.;Hwang, Keum-Taek;Schmidt, Bradley J.
    • Food Science and Biotechnology
    • /
    • v.15 no.5
    • /
    • pp.786-791
    • /
    • 2006
  • Three solvent extraction techniques were used to recover waxy tractions from grain sorghum kernels. Yield and chemical composition of the waxy tractions obtained by reflux, bench scale (recirculated solvent), and countercurrent extraction methods were compared. Waxy traction yield from countercurrent extraction (0.200%) was significantly greater (p<0.05) than the yields of wax from both reflux (0.184%) and bench-scale (0.179%) methods. The waxy traction extracted using the bench-scale method showed the greatest relative amount of long-chained (primarily C:28 and C:30) alcohols while the countercurrent-extracted wax showed the greatest relative amount of long-chained fatty acids and fatty aldehydes. Countercurrent extraction removed a higher additive percentage of fatty aldehydes, acids, and alcohols than reflux or bench-scale extraction method.

Effect of Vermicompost in Combination with Bacterial and Mineral Fertilizers on the Yield of Vegetable Soybean

  • Bajracharya, S.K.;Shercahn, D.P.;Bhattarai, S.
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
    • /
    • v.52 no.1
    • /
    • pp.100-103
    • /
    • 2007
  • A field experiment was conducted in Agronomy farm at an altitude of 1350 m. above sea level in a randomized complete block design with three replications and eight treatments on vegetable type soybean in 2005. The objective was to see the effect of vermicompost alone and in combination with Rhizobium inoculum and mineral fertilizers on the yield of vegetable soybean. The result showed higher number of nodules from the non inoculated plot, however, the nodules weight was highest from the inoculated plots. No significant difference was notice statistically on roots and shoots dry weight. Soybean grain was obtained highest (32.3%) over the non inoculated plot followed by vermicompost plus inoculated, however, there was non significant difference. There was a slight increment on grain and straw yield from the inoculated plots over the non inoculated.

Evapotranspiration and Grain Yield in Responses to Different Soil Water Conditions in Soybean

  • Yang, Jae-Hwang;Kim, Wook-Han;Seong, Rak-Chun;Hong, Byung-Hee
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
    • /
    • v.45 no.4
    • /
    • pp.241-244
    • /
    • 2000
  • This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect on evapotranspiration and yield of soybean according to different soil water conditions, and to find the optimum time and amount for irrigation in soybean cultivation. The difference between potential evapotranspiration (PET) and maximum evapotranspiration (MET) during growing season of soybean planted in lysimeter was higher during reproductive stage than during vegetative one. The maximum crop coefficient was obtained at beginning seed stage of soybean. Soil water coefficient of irrigation treatment was higher than that of non-irrigation treatment during soybean growth stage in field experiment. Grain yield was highest in lysimeter due to its high water use efficiency and evapotranspiration rate.

  • PDF

Combining Ability in Mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) I. Agronomic Traits

  • Srinives, P.;Khattak, G.S.S.;Haq, M.A.;Ashraf, M.
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
    • /
    • v.46 no.5
    • /
    • pp.420-423
    • /
    • 2001
  • Combining ability in mungbean was studied in 15 quantitative traits through a 6 $\times$ 6 diallel cross. Both additive and non-additive gene effects were found conditioning the inheritane of nodes of the first peduncle, clusters per plant, clusters on main stem and branches, pods per plant, 1000 seed weight, grain yield per plant, biomass, and harvest index. The additive gene action was found significant for nodes on main stem, average internodal length, branches per plant, pods per cluster, pod length, and seeds per pod. The predominace of additive genetic variance was observed in all traits. For grain yield and yield components, the best combiner were VC3902A, VC1560D and ML-5, while the best combinations were the crosses VC3902A $\times$ ML-5, VC1560D $\times$ ML-5, and NM 92 $\times$ VC1560D.

  • PDF

Effects of Zeolite Application on Yield and Yield Components in Rice (Zeolite 시용에 의한 벼의 증수효과 및 요인해석)

  • Kae, Bong-Myung;Sol, Kwon-Sok;Cho, Chang-Hwan
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
    • /
    • v.32 no.4
    • /
    • pp.403-408
    • /
    • 1987
  • The milled rice yield of the fertilized Zeolite in the sandy loam as 542 Kg/10a was increased by 11% compared with the check plat as a standard cultivation. Significant positive correlations of that were found between grain yield/plant and panicle/total weight ratio or average weight of panicle, while lower correlations between ratio of riqened grains and grain yield/ plant. But significant negative correlations were found between 1,000-grain weight of rough and 4th. 5th internode/culm length ratio. It was reavealed that there were higher direct effects for ratio of ripened grains and spikelets/panicle affecting grain yield/plant through path analysis among the yield components. Moreover, organic dry matter production at 35 days after heading were heavier by 26% in active leaves, 19% in stem + leaf sheath, and 5% in panicle, respectively. Ratio of settled spikelets on the terminal of primary rachis-branch was 47% to total spikelets, and 37% in half-upper of that, moreover many spikelets settled on the terminal of rachis. Therefore, it was recognized that there were a dominant effect of apical glumous flower by fertilized Zeolite.

  • PDF

Studies on the Fruiting Phase of Rape Under the Different Cultural Conditions

  • Kae, B.M.
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
    • /
    • v.12
    • /
    • pp.77-87
    • /
    • 1972
  • The fruiting phase of rape under transplanting and direct-sowing conditions has been studied at Mokpo during the 2 years period from 1970 to 1971. Two varieties, Yudal and Miyuki were used in this study. The planting space and sowing time were also incorporated into this study. The results could be summarized as follows: 1. The plant tape of rape was nearly umbrella-shaped of all, but has changed to the laid elliptical-shaped, broadly ovate and spindle-shaped under different varieties and cultural conditions in the plant diagram(Fig. 2). 2. The length of the primary branches for each nodes had a tendency to the symmetric apical curve with the apex at the upper 10-12th node in the transplanting. but to the upper bias apical curve with the apex at the upper 5-7th node in the dense-sowing(Fig.3). 3. The ear of main stem was longer, more pods, heavier 1, 000 grains and more grain yield than ear of primary branches of all, Especially, as for that, the rate of yield constitution per plant in the direct-sowing was higher than in the transplanting(Fig. 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9). 4. The ear-length of the primary branches for each nodes had a tendency to the relatively slowly apical curve with the apex at the upper 3-4th node in the transplanting, but to the lower bias apical curve with the apex at the upper 2nd node in the dense-sowing. Especially, the possibility of growth at the lower ears was few in the early variety (Fig. 4). 5. The number of pod per ear on the primary branches for each nodes had a .tendency to the curve of ear-length with the apex at the upper 5-8thnode in the transplanting and at the upper 4-5th node in the dense-sowing (Fig. 5). Accordingly, a high positive correlation was found between the ear-length and number of pod per ear (Table 2) 6. In the transplanting, the high rate of effective ear was from the upper nods to the 12th node, but below the 16-17th nodes was ineffective. However, in the early dense-sowing the high rate of effective was to the 7th node. but below the 10th nodes was. ineffective. Especially, in the early variety has difficult to secure of poi-numbers for ineffective of the lower nodes(Fig. 6.). 7. The density of pod setting of the ear of main stem was the longest of all ears, and the lower nods were, the shorter it became. That had a tendency to the evidently apical growth. However. in the early variety, it was lengthened according to growth of ear-length(Fig.7). 8. The pod-length of the medium nodes was longer than the upper and lower, and the possitive correlation between pod-length and number of grain per poi was very high(Table 2.). 9. In the grain yield per node of primary branches, the most yielding node of transplanting was the upper 9th node, of dense-sowing 4-5th node(Fig 8.), and the possitive correlation between grain yield per node and ear-length or number of pod per ear was very high(Table 2). 10. The grain yield of ear of main stem was higher than that of primary branches in the percentage of dependence for grain yield per plant. The limint node of 50% of dependence to cumulative grain yield per plant was the upper 7-8th node in tranplanting, in the early dense-sowing 4-5th node, and in tke late dense-sowing-3th node(Fig. 9). 11. In the weight of 1, 000 grains the lower nodes were, the lighter it becames in dense-sowing. Therefore, this was also lighter than in the transplanting to the (Fig. 10.). 12. The oil content of grain at the medium nodes was low in the early variety, but at the ear of main stem and upper 1st node it was extremely high(Fig. 11.).

  • PDF