• 한국세라믹학회지
• /
• 제31권7호
• /
• pp.739-744
• /
• 1994

The B4C-C system was investigated to gain an understanding of the sintering behaviors of B4C. In order to get sintered density of 97% TD, sintering temperature of 225$0^{\circ}C$ was necessary. Since such a high temperature operation is actually difficult on a commercial basis, our objective was to examine the possibility of decreasing the sintering temperature by adding SiC. The addition of SiC in B4C increases the sintering rate about at 210$0^{\circ}C$ and results in a fine microstructure with more than 98% relative density on 55 wt% B4C-40wt% SiC-5 wt% C composition. The probability of liquid phase sintering was investigated, but the evidences of liquid phase formation were not observed with XRD and TEM observation. It was proposed that the addition of SiC and carbon to B4C reduce interface energy during sintering, which results in enhanced grain-boundary diffusion. Thus, the enhanced grain-boundary diffusion and retarded grain growth by SiC improve densification.

• 한국분말재료학회지
• /
• 제7권3호
• /
• pp.161-167
• /
• 2000

Mechanically-alloyed NiAl powder and ball-milled (Ni+Al) powder mixture were sintered by spark-plasma sintering(SPS) process. Mechanical alloying was performed in a horizontal attritor for 20 h with rotation speed of 600 rpm. (Ni+Al) powder mixtures were prepared by ball milling for 1 and 10 h with 120 rpm. Both powders were sintered at $1150^{\circ}C$ for 5 min under $10^{-3}$ torr vacuum with 50 MPa die pressure in a SPS facility. Sintered densities of 97% and 99% were obtained from mechanically-alloyed NiAl powder and (Ni+Al) powder mixture, respectively. The sintered compact of (Ni+Al) powder mixture showed large grain size by a very rapid grain growth, while the grain size of mechanically-alloyed NiAl powder compact after sintering was extremely fine(80 nm). The difference in densification behavior of both powders were discussed.

• The Korean Journal of Ceramics
• /
• 제5권3호
• /
• pp.260-264
• /
• 1999

Effect of the particle size of $MgTiO_3$ and $CaTiO_3$ on the microstructural evolution during sintering of $0.93MgTiO_3-0.07CaTiO_3$ system was investigated. Microwave dielectric characteristics of the sintered ceramics were also measured. The microstructural evolutions were explained with an emphasis on the entrapping behavior of $CaTiO_3$ grain into the $MgTiO_3$ grain and were correlated with microwave dielectric characteristics. With an increasing particle size ratio between $CaTiO_3$and $MgTiO_3$, the fraction of entraped $CaTiO_3$ grains increased, which grain growth of $MgTiO_3$were concurrently accelerated due to decreasing drag force of its boundary migration. Besides, $CaTiO_3$-grain entrapment into the $MgTiO_3$grain interior led to decreaseing quality factor values.

• 대한금속재료학회지
• /
• 제49권6호
• /
• pp.454-461
• /
• 2011

In this study, the relationship between corrosion resistance and microstructural characteristics such as grain size reduction, preferred orientation, and homogenous distribution of elements and impurity by mechanical milling of magnesium powder was investigated. Mechanical milling of pure magnesium powder exhibited a complex path to grain refinement and growth together with preferred orientation reversal with milling time. It was also found that anisotropic formation of dislocation on the basal plane of magnesium was initially the dominant mechanism for grain size reduction. After 60 hrs of milling, grain coarsening was observed and interpreted as a result of the strain relaxation process through recrystallization. In spite of the finer grain size and strong (002) texture developed in the sample prepared by spark plasma sintering at $500^{\circ}C$ for 5 min after mechanical milling for 2hrs, the sample showed a higher corrosion rate. The results from this study will be helpful for better understanding of the controlling factor for corrosion resistance and behaviors of mechanical milled magnesium powders.

• 한국분말재료학회지
• /
• 제15권5호
• /
• pp.365-370
• /
• 2008

In this study, bottom-up powder processing and top-down severe plastic deformation processing approaches were combined in order to achieve both full density and grain refinement with least grain growth. The numerical modeling of the powder process requires the appropriate constitutive model for densification of the powder materials. The present research investigates the effect of representative powder yield function of the Shima-Oyane model and the critical relative density model. It was found that the critical relative density model is better than the Shima-Oyane model for powder densification behavior, especially for initial stage.

• 한국결정성장학회지
• /
• 제13권6호
• /
• pp.309-314
• /
• 2003

방전 플라즈마 소결법을 적용하여 $Al_2O_3$-SiC 나노 복합체를 150$0^{\circ}C$ 이하의 온도에서 완전치밀화를 이루었다. 제조된 $Al_2O_3$-SiC 복합체는 이상 결정립 성장 없이 매우 균질한 미세구조를 형성하고 있는데, 첨가된 SiC 입자는 주로 결정립 내 및 결정립계에 존재하면서 $Al_2O_3$기지상에서 결정립 성장을 억제하는데 매우 유호하였음을 확인 할 수 있다. 한편, SiC 입자의 첨가는 크랙 회절 및 브릿징 등에 의해서 유도된 재료 강도 및 인성 강화 기구에 의해서 $Al_2O_3$-SiC 복합체의 기계적 물성을 크게 향상시켰다.

• 한국결정성장학회지
• /
• 제25권1호
• /
• pp.6-12
• /
• 2015

율속제어소결은 소결 공정 중 실시간으로 측정되는 시편의 팽창/수축거동을 이용해 일정한 수축거동을 하도록 로의 파워를 조정하는 소결방법으로, 온도를 조절하기 위해 로의 파워를 제어하는 일반적인 소결에 비해 시편의 소결 과정을 세밀히 제어할 수 있으며, 특히 소결공정의 최적화를 이룰 수 있는 장점이 있다. 본 연구에서는 탄화붕소의 소결에 율속 제어소결을 적용해 각 공정변수의 조절에 따른 소결온도 및 입자성장의 변화를 조사하여 그 상관관계를 규명하고 이를 기존의 이론에 맞추어 해석함으로써 율속제어소결을 어떻게 소결공정 최적화에 이용할 수 있는지 그 가능성을 알아보았으며 이를 통해 향후 미지 소재의 소결공정에 율속제어공정을 어떻게 적용할 수 있는지 고찰해 보았다.

• International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing
• /
• 제3권3호
• /
• pp.76-81
• /
• 2002

In order to study the fatigue crack and retardation mechanism in variable loading, the effects of crack tip branching in crack growth retardation were examined. The characteristics of crack tip branching behavior were considered with respect to microstructure and crack tip branching angle was examined. Crack tip branching was observed along the grain boundary of finite and pearlite structure. It was found that the branching angle ranges from 25 to 53 degrees. Using the finite element method, the variable of crack driving farce to branching angle was examined. The effective crack driving farce (K$\_$eff/) decreased as the branching angle increased. The rate of decrease was 33% for kinked type and 29% for forked one. It was confirmed that the effect of crack tip branching is a very important factor in crack growth retardation. Therefore, crack branching effect should be considered in building the hypothetical model to predict crack growth retardation.

• 한국정밀공학회지
• /
• 제29권8호
• /
• pp.818-823
• /
• 2012

In order to predict necking behaviour of aluminium sheets, a crystal plasticity model is introduced in the finite element analysis of tensile test. Due to the computational limits of time and memory, only a small part of tensile specimen is subjected to the analysis. Grains having different orientations are subjected to numerical tensile tests and each grain is discretized by many elements. In order to predict the sudden drop of load carrying capacity after necking, a well-known Cockcroft-Latham damage model is introduced. The mismatch of grain orientation causes stress concentration at several points and damage is evolved at these points. This phenomenon is similar to void nucleation. In the same way, void growth and void coalescence behaviours are well predicted in the analysis. For the comparison of prediction capability of necking, same model is subjected to finite element analysis using uniform material properties of polycrystal with and without damage. As a result, it is shown that the crystal plasticity model can be used in prediction of necking and fracture behavior of materials accurately.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제13권4호
• /
• pp.221-228
• /
• 1981

방사성 표식화합물인 ${\gamma}$-(U-$^{14}$ C)-BHC를 폿트 재배한 수도에 시용한 후 식물체에서의 분포 및 도정, 착유 과정중의 행방을 추적하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. $^{14}$ C-방사능은 식물체에 흡수되어 각부위에 딘리 분포되었고 볏짚과 곡립에 이행된 방사능은 2.8%이었으며 그중 9.4%만이 현미에 이행되었다. 현미로 이행된 $^{14}$ C-방사능은 도정과정에서 쌀겨 : 백미에 12:88의 비율로. 용매에 의한 착유과정에서 기름 : 착유박에 37:63의 비율로 분배되었다. 수도체로 이행된 $^{14}$ C-잔류분은 모체인 r-BHC와 대사산물인 pentachlorocyclohexene, trichloro-benzene 및 친수성 분해산물임이 밝혀졌고 이들 성분의 비율은 볏짚과 현미에서 각각 달리 나타났다.