• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• v.57 no.3
• /
• pp.231-239
• /
• 2024

Background: Although the modified Blalock-Taussig shunt remains the mainstay method of palliation for augmenting pulmonary blood flow in various congenital heart diseases, the shunt must be carefully designed to achieve the best outcomes. This study investigated the effect of shunt configuration on pulmonary artery growth and growth discrepancy. Methods: Twenty patients with successful modified Blalock-Taussig shunt takedown were analyzed. Pulmonary artery and shunt characteristics were obtained using computed tomography scans. Differences in the baseline and follow-up diameter ratios and growth in the ipsilateral and contralateral arteries were calculated. The angle between the shunt and pulmonary artery, as well as the distance from the main pulmonary artery bifurcation, were measured. Correlations between pulmonary arteries and shunt configurations were analyzed. Results: The median interval time between shunt placement and takedown was 154.5 days (interquartile range, 113.25-276.25 days). Follow-up values of the ipsilateral-to-contralateral pulmonary artery diameter ratio showed no significant correlation with the shunt angle (ρ=0.429, p=0.126) or distance (ρ=0.110, p=0.645). The shunt angle and distance from the main pulmonary bifurcation showed no significant correlation (ρ=-0.373, p=0.189). Pulmonary artery growth was negatively correlated with shunt angle (ipsilateral, ρ=-0.565 and p=0.035; contralateral, ρ=-0.578 and p=0.030), but not with distance (ipsilateral, ρ=-0.065 and p=0.786; contralateral, ρ=-0.130 and p=0.586). Conclusion: Shunt configuration had no significant effect on growth imbalance. The angle and distance of the shunt showed no significant correlation with each other. A more vertical shunt was associated with significant pulmonary artery growth. We suggest a more vertical graft design for improved pulmonary artery growth.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
• /
• v.25 no.1
• /
• pp.22-26
• /
• 2024

Background: This study analyzed the demographic characteristics of patients with facial palsy who were treated using either dynamic or static procedures. This study aimed to compare the frequency of procedure implementation and age distribution between the two groups. Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed the medical records of patients treated for facial palsy at a single institution from 2014 to 2022. Among cases included in our study, dynamic procedures involved cross-facial nerve graft and latissimus dorsi or gracilis muscle flap transfer. Static procedures included gold weight insertion, canthopexy, browlift, and thread lift/static slings. Results: Among the 31 patients included in our study, eight (25.8%) incorporated dynamic techniques, and the average age of patients was 44.75 years (range, 24-68 years) with a male to female ratio of 1:4. The remaining 23 patients (74.2%) underwent a static procedure, of which the average age was 59.17 years (range, 23-81 years) which was statistically significantly higher than the average age of 44.75 of dynamic patients (p= 0.013). Regarding the timing of treatment after diagnosis, no patient underwent dynamic procedures more than 20 years after initial diagnosis. A greater diversity in the timing of treatment was observed in the static group. All patients who underwent dynamic procedures were treated using static procedures during the study period. Conclusion: Because aesthetics-based static techniques are typically quick outpatient procedures that can be performed under local anesthesia, our study shows that these are often preferred treatments for all age groups, especially for debilitated or older patients. Further research is required to investigate the long-term functional outcomes of these surgical techniques in a wider population of patients.

• Polymer(Korea)
• /
• v.38 no.5
• /
• pp.566-572
• /
• 2014

Maleic anhydride (MAH) grafted polypropylenes (PP) (MAH-g-PP) were prepared by changing MAH content and styrene monomer (SM)/MAH mole ratio with different type PP, using a twin screw extruder. The types of PP were isotatic PP (iPP), block PP (bPP), and random PP (rPP) and dicumyl peroxide (DCP) was used as an initiator. The graft degree of MAH was confirmed by the existence of carbonyl group (C=O) stretching peak at $3100cm^{-1}$ of FTIR spectrum. Thermal properties of MAH-g-PP and PP/MAH-g-PP/pulp composites were investigated by DSC and TGA. There was no district change in thermal properties of PP/MAH-g-PP/pulp composites. Based on tensile properties and SEM pictures for fractured surface of PP/MAH-g-PP/pulp composites, MAH-g-rPP was the best as the compatibilizer and optimum formulation was MAH content of 1.0 wt%, SM/MAH mole ratio of 1.0, and melt index (MI) of 25 g/10 min. The rheological properties of the composites were investigated by a dynamic rheometer. The complex viscosity, shear thinning effect, and water uptake incresed with pulp content.

• Archives of design research
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.99-108
• /
• 2004

Metal tableware of korea had been used from former days along with own to rice bowl exclusive use, this metal tableware has our country characteristic identity from the country that do rice to chief food to unique thing. This by recent publication we individual and peculiar ours create may. Hab, Yonyu, Omok, Okbalri of modeling of our country metal rice bowl are 4 kinds greatly. First is that is all lid in our country's metal rice bowl by 3 greatly to cultural meaning that is filled in modeling. Second, it is that there is man and woman old and the young official business while divide man and woman old and the young in our country's metal rice bowl, third, that size changes by other rice bowl according as age increases point. And item that cause definite effect in figurative feature of metal rice bowl is [ Existence and nonexistence of hoof ], [ Oral narration department's shape ], [ Reverence of oral narration belonging / Ratio of Body's height ], and [ Reverence of oral narration belonging / Ratio about Body maximum ] of it 4 be. This research finds identity of our country's design and it is basic research about that is wished to graft together in several Land of Supreme Happiness illuminating in several angles with our country characteristic metal rice bowl.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• v.41 no.5
• /
• pp.563-567
• /
• 2008

Background: The histomorphological properties of the left anterior desecending artery (LAD), the left internal thoracic arteries (LITA), the radial arteries (RA) and the intercostal arteries (ICA) were studied for their use as a conduit for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), and we compared them with each other. Material and Method: All the vessels were harvested from nineteen cadavers (17 males and 2 females). The mid-portion of the LAD, the mid-portion of the LITA, the distal RA and the mid-portion of the 5th ICA were obtained. All of them were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and with Van Gieson's elastin stain. The morphological characteristics were examined and the thicknesses of the intima and media (I/M ratio: the intima to media ratio) were compared using one-way ANOVA tests. Result: The mean age of the cadavers was $61.5{\pm}9.6$ years. The LITA and ICA were elastic arteries, and the LAD and RA were muscular arteries. The I/M ratio showed statistically significant differences: $0.07{\pm}0.03$ in the LITA, $0.16{\pm}0.11$ in the ICA, $0.45{\pm}0.29$ in the RA and $0.93{\pm}0.52$ in the LAD, respectively. Conclusion: This study showed that the degrees of intimal hyperplasia of the CA and the various conduits for CABG were different significantly. The ICA was found to have relatively favorable characteristics as a coronary by pass conduit, but its suitability for clinical use is a challenging issue.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• v.53 no.3
• /
• pp.420-427
• /
• 2010

Purpose : Several complications can occur in patients who received bone marrow transplantation (BMT) during childhood and adolescence. This study aims to investigate endocrine dysfunctions after BMT so that better care can be provided to care for long-term survivors of BMT. Methods : One hundred patients (61 males, 39 females) were included in this study. Clinical parameters such as initial diagnosis, age at BMT, conditioning regimen, presence of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), growth pattern, thyroid function, and pubertal status were retrospectively reviewed to evaluate risk factors associated with endocrine dysfunction. Results : Height standard deviation score (SDS) at BMT, after 1 year of BMT, and at the last visit were $0.08{\pm}1.04$, $-0.09{\pm}1.02$, and $-0.27{\pm}1.18$, respectively (P =0.001). Height SDS significantly decreased in patients who received total body irradiation (TBI) (P =0.017). One of the patients who received TBI demonstrated growth hormone deficiency. Thirty (31.9%) of 94 patients had compensated hypothyroidism. Incidence of compensated hypothyroidism was higher among those who had GVHD (odds ratio 2.82, P =0.025). Of the 32 patients (17 males, 15 females) who were over 14 years in male and 13 years in female at the last visit, 16 (3 males, 13 females) had increased luteinizing hormone (LH) or follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). Abnormal elevation of LH or FSH was more common in females (odds ratio 30.3, P =0.001). Conclusion : The most common endocrine dysfunction was ovarian insufficiency. Regular check-up for endocrine function needs to be required due to high incidence of endocrine dysfunction in patients with BMT.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• v.40 no.7 s.276
• /
• pp.480-484
• /
• 2007

Background: Major vascular injuries can jeopardize a patient's life or imperil limb survival. We performed this study to establish an optimal management plan for vascular injuries. Material and Method: We retrospectively reviewed 26 cases of vascular injury that were treated at Pusan National University Hospital from May, 1999 to September, 2004. The age and sex distribution, the locations and causes of vascular injury, the diagnostic tools, the degree of injuries, clinical manifestations, the treatment modality and complications were reviewed. Result: The mean age was 39.5 years (range: $12{\sim}86$) and the male to female ratio was 22 : 4. The injuries were in 6 descending thoracic aortas, 4 femoral arteries, 4 popliteal veins and so on. The causes of injury were iatrogenic in 8 cases, traffic accident in 7, stab injury in 6 and industrial accident in 5. The most commonly used diagnostic tools were CT and angiography. The degrees of arterial injury were pseudoaneurysm in 10 cases, partial severance in 5, complete severance in 3 and thrombosis in 3. The degrees of venous injury were partial severance in 6 cases, complete severance in 2 and arteriovenous fistula in 2. The clinical manifestations were absence of pulse in 8 cases, coldness in 7, chest pain in 6, swelling in 5, bleeding in 5 and so on. The most frequently used type of revascularization was graft interposition in 11 cases. Two arteriovenous fistulae were repaired by endovascular procedure. There was one case of mortality due to multi-organ failure after hemorrhagic shock, There were three major amputations, and two of them were due to delayed diagnosis and treatment. Conclusion: A system for the early diagnosis and treatment is essential for improving limb salvage and patient mortality. As a consequence of the widespread application of endovascular procedures, the incidence of iatrogenic injuries has recently increased. Educating physicians is important for the prevention of iatrogenic injury. Easy communication and cooperation for earlier involvement of a vascular surgeon is also an important factor.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
• /
• v.27 no.4
• /
• pp.302-311
• /
• 2018

Using cylindrical paper pot nursery method, three kinds of commercial tomatoes 'Dafnis', 'DOTAERANG DIA' and 'Maescala' were grafted onto a commercial rootstock 'B blocking'. From 10 to 40 days after graft-take, growth traits of seedlings were investigated by 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0S treatments of standard nutrient solution(S) for seedling growth, and top to root ratio(TRR), compactness(CP) and Dickson Quality Index(DQI) were calculated. Two weeks after transplanting of the seedlings under three different night temperature targeting to 10, 15, and $25^{\circ}C$, which were not precisely controlled, the relative growth rate (RGR) was investigated. The quantitative growth traits of grafted seedlings increased with increasing fertilizer concentration, and various range of seedling size could be produced. Compactness and DQI were significantly regressed (Adj $R^2=0.9480$). Short-term RGR after transplanting was higher at 1.0S treatment of standard nutrient solution at the seedling age of 30 days and 40 days after graft-take(DAGT). DQI and RGR were significantly regressed linearly at respective fertigation strength. Specially the diminishing slope of RGR was lower at 1.0S fertigation strength with the increase of DQI than others. The results indicate that DQI could be applied as a quality index of grafted tomato seedlings and the relation analysis between DQI and short-term RGR also could be used to determine the good quality seedlings of grafted tomato grown in cylindrical paper pot.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• v.33 no.5
• /
• pp.391-397
• /
• 2000

Background: Cardiac involvement of Behcets disease is very rate, however, the prognosis of Behcet disease depends on cardiovascular complications. In this article, we described surgical treatment of aortic insufficiency with Behcets disease. Material and Method: From March 1986 to February 1998, we operated on 10 patients of aortic insufficiency with Behcets disease. Male to female ratio was 8 to 2, and age ranged from 21 to 40 years(mean 32.8 years). There were 8 patients with evidence of Behcets disease and another 2 patients had some suspicious findings of Behcets disease(i.e., prosthetic value dehiscence, hypertrophied aortic wall). Adequate preoperative medical treatment for Behcets disease was done in 3 patients. Result: We performed 24 open heart surgeries in 10 patients. Redo value replacements using prosthetic valves were done in 4 patients. Among them, 2 patients were operated on for a second redo valve replacement and one of them operated on for a 4th and 5th operation because of recurrent paravalvular leakage. These 4 patients expired. 1 patient who had undergons tissue value replacement is alive. 1 patient who underwent Cabrol operation expired dut to rupture of graft anastomosis site. We used homografts in 3 patients. In 2 of them, we performed aortic root replacement and subcoronary valve replacement in another patient. The patient who underwent subcoronary valve insertion had remnant aortic insufficiency, so we are closely observing him. We also performed Ross operation in a 24 year old female who suffered severs aortic insufficiency and endocarditis after aortic valvuloplasty. 5 patients are alive and mean follow up duration is 49.0 months. Among them, we used homografts or sutografts in 4 patients. We could observe excellent clinical results in the patients who underwent aortic root replacement using homograft and they were treated medically for Behcets disease. Conclusion: We concluded that adequate preporative diagnosis, clinical suspicion, and periopertive medical treatment for Behcets disease are very important for the result of surgical management of aortic insufficiency with Behcets disease. The use of homograft or autograft was helpful for the healing of anastomosis site and we should carefully observe the long term follow up results.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• v.40 no.4 s.273
• /
• pp.256-263
• /
• 2007

Background: Intimal hyperpiasia is characterized by a proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells in the intimal layer Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is known to suppress smooth muscle cell proliferation. We propose that EGCG may have a protective effect against the development of intimal hyperplasia through the suppression of smooth muscle cell proliferation. Material and Method: Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and rat aortic smooth muscle cells (RASMC) were cultured with different concentrations of EGCG, and proliferation and migration speed were measured. In 20 dogs, the autologous jugular veins were interposed into the carotid arteries. For the study group (n=10), the graft was stored for 30 minutes in EGCG solution and 300mM EGCG was applied to the perivascular space after grafting. After 6 weeks, the intimal and medial thickness was measured. Result: The proliferation of RASMC and HUVEC was suppressed with EGCG. The migration of RASMC was suppressed with EGCG, but that of HUVEC was not affected. In the in vivo study, the intimal thickness was thinner in EGCG group than in the control group (p<0.05), but the medial thickness did not show any difference. The intimal/medial thickness ratio was lower in the EGCG group (p<0.05). Conclusion: EGCG suppresses intimal hyperplasia after vascular grafting, and this may be mediated by prevention of migration and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells. The use of EGCG may offer new therapeutic modality to prevent intimal hyperplasia.