• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.1-8
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• 2011

Korea is moving toward an aging society faster than the other advance countries such as the U.S. and France. Such aging phenomena are posing greater problems in rural areas than in urban areas, and particularly, decrease in productivity caused by aging population leads to economic difficulties and hinders the improvement of housing life. The purpose of this research is to examine and identify the housing conditions of the vulnerable in rural areas and to present ways to improve the elderly housing and the housing environment in rural areas and to provide basic data for materializing the policies to enhance the quality of life. The results of this research are as follows. First, the elderly in rural areas were found to receive relatively smooth supports for services related to clothing and food through the government and social organizations. But for the housing problems, it was found that there were not any supports. Second, the poor housing environment may cause diseases to the elderly with weak immunity, so ways to remedy these problems are urgently needed. Third, the vulnerable in rural areas can hardly bear the burden of improving the housing environment, so supports from the government and social organizations are needed. Fourth, ways to support the vulnerable such as households receiving basic living subsidies and to support the poor who are not receiving such subsidies should be explored.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.47-55
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• 2006

As a new way of stabilizing the housing for the urban poor, the Korean government proposed 'Dagagu' Housing Purchase and Public Rental Program (DPPRP) and implemented a pilot program in 2004. The purpose of this study was to find out whether DPPRP could be an alternative measure to solve the housing problems facing the urban poor. Physical aspects and community conditions of 'Dagagu' housing purchased by the government will be evaluated. The changes in the tenants' perception of the quality of housing after moving in the current dwellings will be studied. 46 households were temporarily selected, who moved in the purchased public rental housing in 5 districts (DPPRP pilot area). And among them, 32 households were designated as the final subjects, which could do the interview. The surveyors made door-to-door visits to tenants' houses and conducted in-depth interview by using a questionnaire The effects of 'Dagagu' Housing Purchase and Public Rental Program can be summarized according to housing environment aspects and economic aspects as follows: After moving in the public rental housing, the respondents saw improvements in overall housing environment and were satisfied with the current housing. According to a survey on the rental fee before and after moving in public rental housing, the rental fee of the latter had greatly declined. Given that the quality of previous housing was inferior to the current housing, the lessened rental burden was very meaningful.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.347-350
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• 2005

As a new way of stabilizing the housing for the urban poor, the Korean government proposed 'Dagagu' Housing Purchase and Pubic Rental Program (DPPRP) and implemented a pilot program in 2004. The purpose of this study is to fine out whether DPPRP can be an alternative measure to solve the housing problems facing the urban poor. Physical aspects and community conditions of 'Dagagu' housing purchased by the government will be evaluated. The changes in the tenants' perception of the quality of housing after moving in the current dwellings will be studied. 46 households were temporarily selected, who moved in the purchased public rental housing in 5 districts (DPPRP pilot area). And among them, 32 households were designated as the final subjects, which could do the interview. The surveyors made door-to-door visits to tenant's houses and conducted in-depth interview by using a questionnaire The effects of 'Dagagu' Housing Purchase and Public Rental Program can be summarized according to housing environment aspects and economic aspects as follows: After moving in the public rental housing, the respondents saw improvements in overall housing environment and were satisfied with the current housing. According to a survey on the rental fee before and after moving in public rental housing, the rental fee of the latter has greatly declined. Given that the quality of previous housing is inferior to the current housing, the lessened rental burden is very meaningful.

• Korean System Dynamics Review
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.87-104
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• 2010

This research aims at designing policy alternatives which would facilitate the supply of the national rental housing units, especially targeted for the low-income households who need special types of social support for their residences. In order to illuminate structural characteristics of the national rental housing policies, it heavily depends on collection of secondary survey data, in addition to existing documents. From the institutional dimension, it focuses on major issues related to the residential development, which is pivotal in supplying the required national rental housing units. Furthermore, applying causal loop diagramming techniques derived from the System Dynamics (SD), it tries to divulge dynamic relationships between key stakeholders including the government, developers and tenants. Finally, this research stresses the point that the government should fulfill its basic duty as a financial supporter and the developer should not procrastinate in providing diverse options, timely reflecting tenants' needs.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.43-51
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• 2011

This study aims to analyze the on-site improvement area of residential environment improvement project based on research results derived from the on-site and questionnaire survey in case of Daegu. The main findings are as follows. First, residents complain about delay of project completion because a long time has been passed after on-site improvement area was designated. Experts and government officials agree that a new method of development is required. Second, future development should discriminate on-site improvement area according to its level of project completion. The area should be classified into project completion areas and on-going area, and new methods, such as redevelopment, apartment-housing construction method, should be allowed. Third, for better management of on-site improvement area, laws and regulations must be ready and government's will for improvement is crucial.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.73-84
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• 2007

Permanent rental housing, the construction of which was strongly financed by the central government, is regarded as a social housing for those who fall within the lowest income bracket. Differing from "public rental housing", offered to tenants for sale after a five year rental period, this type of housing is intended for rental use on a long-tenn basis. At present, about 190,000 permanent rental housing units exist in Korea. According to a statistics, 15.6% of its residents did not pay their management fee and rental payment in 4 or more months in 2005, which places stress on the housing management. Based on the "eviction condition" stipulated in the tenancy agreement for permanent rental housing, a householder owning assets or a vehicle which is not used as his means of living, who is overdue with his management fee and rental payment for a long time, may be evicted from the house. However, there are many conflicts and problems between administrators/housing managers and residents in the process of enforcing this regulation. The purpose of this study is to explore the key issues associated with the present situation and the reasons why so many management fee and rental payment for permanent rental housing are overdue. For the purpose of research, data were collected from 10,990 permanent rental housing residents nationwide via a questionnaire survey in February 2007. One third of the respondents had an experience of more than 2 months overdue since they have moved in current residence. For further analysis, the respondents were divided into three groups, based on their working ability. The major finding showed that the group of respondents who have working ability required a more practical plan, such as employment, to have a sustainable life, while the other group of no labor force indicated a need for more housing allowance from the government. To suggest more specific alternatives for the subject of housing payment overdue, further comparison study should be performed between the residents of permanent rental housing and other low income tenants in private housing sector.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.31-39
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• 2014

Purpose - This study investigates the following two issues. First, we attempt to find the important determinants of housing investment and to identify their significance rank using survey panel data. Recently, the expansion of global uncertainty in the real estate market has directly and indirectly influenced the Korean housing market; households demonstrate a sensitive reaction to changes in that market. Therefore, this study aims to draw conclusions from understanding how the impact of financial strength of the household is related to house investment. Second, we attempt to verify the effectiveness of diverse indices of financial strength such as DTI, LTV, and PIR as measures to monitor the housing market. In the continuous housing market recession after the global crisis, the government places top priority on residence stability. However, the government still imposes forceful restraints on indices of financial strength. We believe this study verifies the utility of these regulations when used in the housing market. Research design, data, and methodology - The data source for this study is the "National Survey of Tax and Benefit" from 2007 (1st) to 2011 (5th) by the Korea Institute of Public Finance. Based on this survey data, we use panel data of 3,838 households that have been surveyed continuously for 5 years. We sort the base variables according to relevance of house investment criteria using the decision tree model (DTM), which is the standard decision-making model for data-mining techniques. The DTM method is known as a powerful methodology to identify contributory variables for predictive power. In addition, we analyze how important explanatory variables and the financial strength index of households affect housing investment with the binary logistic multi-regressive model. Based on the analyses, we conclude that the financial strength index has a significant role in house investment demand. Results - The results of this research are as follows: 1) The determinants of housing investment are age, consumption expenditures, income, total assets, rent deposit, housing price, habits satisfaction, housing scale, number of household members, and debt related to housing. 2) The impact power of these determinants has changed more or less annually due to economic situations and housing market conditions. The level of consumption expenditure and income are the main determinants before 2009; however, the determinants of housing investment changed to indices of the financial strength of households, i.e., DTI, LTV, and PIR, after 2009. 3) Most of all, since 2009, housing loans has been a more important variable than the level of consumption in making housing market decisions. Conclusions - The results of this research show that sound financing of households has a stronger effect on housing investment than reduced consumption expenditures. At the same time, the key indices that must be monitored by the government under economic emergency conditions differ from those requiring monitoring under normal market conditions; therefore, political indices to encourage and promote the housing market must be divided based on market conditions.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.34 no.12
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• pp.65-76
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• 2018

Due to the rapid demographic and structural changes, Korea has faced a variety of social issues and quickly entered the aged society since the 2000s. In order deal with this reality, diverse types of welfare policies are emerging in the society as a whole. The government began to supply domestic public silver housing in 2016 to provide against the quickly growing aged society and now, the government is planning to supply approximately 50,000 housing by 2022 for quantitative growth of aged society, by selecting 1st and 2nd designated areas for the project additionally. This public retirement(silver) housing combines 'space' with 'service'. The lower floors are a public silver welfare Facilities and the upper floors are a housing spaces. This type of housing is to deal with requirements of rental housing residents by combining physical space with supporting service. Based on barrier-free design, the complex and unit house have safety handles and alarm bells in the bathroom, undulating washstands, bathroom sliding doors, corridor safety handles, and emergency safety exit lamps in each housing unit so the aged and the disabled can use easily and conveniently. Also, hand rails are installed and stepped pulleys are removed to promote convenience. Currently, the government is planning to increase the supply, focusing on low-income groups, such as beneficiaries of national basic livelihood and the working poor. Recognizing that the public retirement(silver) housing project is at its early stage, this study examined satisfaction, based on evaluations of real residents. This study aimed to obtain more empirical research data and apply them to public retirement(silver) house space analysis. For analysis, this study targeted Wirye public retirement(silver) housing and Magnolia public retirement(silver) housing that are in operation, and literature review, previous research review, and field survey were conducted to examine the present state. Using the questionnaires consisting of four large classification items; Block Layout, Housing Unit, Welfare Facilities, and Barrier-free Design, and sub-details, a survey was conducted to analyze residents' satisfaction. In conclusion, it is anticipated that this study would serve as basic research data about public retirement(silver) housing to increase continuously in future by analyzing public retirement(silver) housing spaces, on the basis of the analyzed data.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.303-316
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• 2013

This paper examines the achievements and limitations of housing assistance programs for low-income households. Korean public rental housing has been rapidly developing since 2000, and thereby achieved an increase in public rental housing stock, housing quality improvements, and the reduction of rent over-burden for low-income tenants. Despite some conflicting evidence, it appears that the provision of newly-built public rental housing has helped stabilize the prices of neighboring private rental housing units. But, as we are entering an era of one million long-term public rental housing units, we need to shift our focus from quantity-oriented provision to housing maintenance for tenants, and from cost-based rental housing to affordable rental housing and better access to rental housing for low-income tenants who are not beneficiaries of government assistance. Most of all, it is very important for local governments and the private sector to actively participate in the provision of public rental housing in order to ensure a stable rental housing market.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.1-14
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• 2012

In Korea, apartment complexes are built according to the social strata for which they are intended to house, thus the buildings tend to separate society both physically and even visually. Because of the sense of social exclusion this has caused the government has conceived a plan to develop a "social-mix" apartment complex master plan. Perhaps the foremost example of this type of plan is the Seoul Eunpyeong New Town. This study examines how resident's perception of the social mix plan has evolved, and also attempts to better understand the effectiveness of the government's attempt at social integration. The result shows that the perception of social-mix housing has improved after residents moved into the Eunpyeong New Town and that people responded positively to the concept of actually mixing residents socially. From the result, we can see that the visually unexposed environmental elements of rental housing and socials exclusion which was felt in the past has been reduced to a certain extent. However, residents living in solid-lot apartments have a negative reaction to social mixing especially when they are in the same building. Therefore, to achieve better social integration in a socially-mixed apartment complex, we need now to change the perception toward socially mixed housing among the residents living in solid-lot apartment buildings.