• 산경연구논집
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.21-24
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• 2016

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to review, analyze and identify the suitability of Kazakh gender policy for the changes taken place in the society with suggesting necessary changes. Research design, data, and methodology - After meticulous reviews of germane literature, the researchers applied an analytical approach which focuses on analyzing the Kazakh's gender policy and its issuance guidelines based on the present requirement in the society. Even though the policy has introduced with astonishing prudence, present-day living trends in society require imperatively some notable modifications which protect the rights of women and minority sections of the society. Results - Through this gender policy, government has proffered required legal, financial and preferential support country's women to participate in the management and legislation of the country. Kazakh gender policy requires upgradations which flawlessly support women in the lifestyles of the feminine community. Conclusions - In achieving gender equality in the economy as a priority area, Kazakh government monitoring persistently and closely the changing trends of women and their requirements which introduce necessary modifications to the existing gender policy of the country with the cooperation of international organization.

• 환경정책연구
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.55-69
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• 2004

Bioenergy can be obtained from various forms of biomass such as agricultural, food processing, and municipal wastes. Recently, its importance is recognized more seriously because of its positive impacts on economic and stable energy supply and environmental sustainability. Despite its advantages, bioenergy has not been used as much as it was expected, nor has it been developed to the level of attractive commercialization in energy market. The main reasons for the sluggish progress have been analyzed by comparing the bioenergy policies in Korea and U.S.A. Both Korea and U.S. governments have recognized the importance of bioenergy and put in various efforts to promote the use of bioenergy. Both governments have legislated alternative energy promotion plans that support R&D, tax reduction, rewards, and low interest loans. However, it is suggested that the bioenergy policy and plan juxtapose the financial supports (R&D, tax exemption, low interest loan, education, etc.) with strong mandates and obligations. Although imposing strong mandates prerequisites the economically attractive and feasible technologies, it can motivate and speed up more effective technology development, in turn. In addition, the bioenergy R&D support must include studies on commercialization and marketing as well as process development. R&D on the socioeconomic effects of bioenergy should also be supported. Lastly, decision making processes for the bioenergy policy, and for alternative energy overall, must include environmental agencies for taking advantage of environmental benefits of bioenergy.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.59-76
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• 2002

After 1990, Food service industry is growing up so fast and asking a lot of employee to be able to work this one. Our society will continue the growth of quantity and quality of food service industry with closing to the developed country and increasing the national income and leisure time. But our present culinary education system cannot gain the efficient of professional training to adopt food service industry without re-education and training. So, in our culinary education we have to be introduced new education system which is used effectively as a professional culinary education system in C.I.A. This system has merit to be able to teach step by step from basic to advanced course. Also Most of school system(management purchasing, human research, school life, etc.) is focused for culinary education. But, although this system has a lot of merits, it is too early toy us to adopt in our culinary education system. Because our education system has too much limited educational administrations of government and school for introducing new education system. The present educational situation is not enough to have facilities and financial support Finally, our culinary educational system have to change to right direction to improve in culinary education. Block system is one of the well-prepared system. But we need to administrational support of government and school to be able to adopted to our culinary educational system.

• 벤처창업연구
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.19-34
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• 2021

급속한 기술변화에 대응하기 위하여 혁신을 기반으로 한 기술창업이 증가함에 따라, 정부의 창업지원 예산이 지속적으로 증가하고 있다. 그러나, 정부의 적극적인 창업활성화 정책에도 불구하고, '가벼운 창업'의 증가, 전문인력 및 자금 수급의 문제 등으로 여전히 기술창업으로의 접근에 어려움을 느끼는 것이 현실이다. 본 연구는 기술기반 창업기업의 성장 및 성공 창출의 핵심 요인을 창업가의 역량, 정부지원 만족도로 보고 기업성과에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 실증 분석하였다. 또한, 기업가의 기술적 배경(전공연계성, 연구경험, 특허보유, CTO보유)에 따른 차이검증을 통해 기술창업의 독자적인 특성을 규명하고자 한다. 이를 위해 2020년 9월 7일부터 26일까지 대전, 대구 지역의 연구개발특구와 창업보육센터에 위치한 업력 7년 이내의 기술창업자를 대상으로 217개의 유효 설문을 수집하여 연구 검증에 활용하였다. 연구결과, 첫째 창업가의 성취역량, 개념화 역량, 네트워크역량, 시장인지 역량은 기업의 재무적·비재무적 성과에 정(+)의 영향을 미치고, 조직적 역량과 기술적 역량은 기업의 비재무적 성과에만 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 정부지원만족도는 창업자의 성취역량과 재무성과의 관계에서 정(+)의 조절 효과를 보인 반면, 다른 역량에서는 유의미한 효과가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 창업자의 기술적 배경(전공연계, 연구 경험, 특허보유, CTO보유)에 따라 차별적인 정(+)의 효과가 확인되었다. 본 연구의 시사점은 국내외 정책 및 문헌 연구를 통해 체계화되고 분류된 기업가 역량을 제시하였다는데 의미가 있고, 개인 창업보다는 팀 창업을 제고하는 문화가 더욱 확산 되어야 함을 증명하였으며, 기술창업의 독자적인 특성인 기술적 배경의 중요성을 검증하였다는데 그 의미가 있다.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제7권12호
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• pp.657-664
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• 2020

We investigate the impact of roads and highways within the provinces on the regional trade of China using the augmented Gravity Model and theory of modeling trade. We take a panel data covering 31 provinces of China over 20 years period (1998-2017) for the estimations. We apply ARMA-OLS model, fixed and random effects, and robust findings by Hausman test. The results imply that road and highway lengths within the provinces have a significantly positive impact on the value of the province-wise exports. The positive impact is due to the fact the increased coverage of roads and highways increase accessibility to resources and mobility of goods and services within the regions. Moreover, employment in the transportation sector, per capita GDP and population of the provinces also illustrate positive and significant influence on regional exports and trade. The impact of China's WTO accession on regional exports has been positive, while the financial crisis has had a negative impact. The year dummies show that, in the years following the financial crisis, China was able to regress from the external shock as trade within the provinces increased. The increase in exports after financial crisis is mainly due to the government policies and support to every province.

• Asian Journal of Business Environment
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.5-15
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• 2013

Purpose - This pilot study explores the gap between venture capitalists and young business graduates in Pakistan. Though the young graduates remain enthusiastic about choosing entrepreneurship as a profession, their success is subject to financial constraints. Research design, data, methodology - We administered a Likert-scale based questionnaire to 200 business graduates from June to July 2012, and interviewed ten venture capitalists from Islamabad and Lahore-two highly business oriented cities of Pakistan-to collect the data. The survey participation was on a voluntary basis without any financial sponsorship. Findings- There is a communication gap between the two parties (venture capitalists and business graduates), and a lack of trust in the entrepreneurial education and training offered in the educational institutions in Pakistan. The study, however, reveals the leading role of the Government in reducing this gap through certain measures. Conclusions - Some measures that can reduce the gap between venture capitalists and young graduates are: association of business schools with industry; financial institutions'initiatives to financially support the small and medium level projects of the economics and business students during their studies; establishment of placement bureaus in the business schools; and organization of regular open houses in the universities.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.77-85
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• 2022

This study tried to suggest a systematic improvement plan to prepare a civil safety insurance operation and management system by reviewing the operation and management status of civil safety insurance, which is operated and managed by each local government autonomously. In this study, the problems of the current civil safety insurance were analyzed by dividing them into the lack of systematic management of insurance items, overlapping coverage between insurance items, and deviations in compensation limits. As a systematic improvement plan, it was suggested to secure the systemic management of guarantee items, standardize compensation standards, prepare an integrated operation and management system, and provide financial support for local governments with poor financial independence. Since the problems and improvement plans for the civil safety insurance analyzed as described above are formed by exchanging and receiving a complex mutual influence, the institutional improvement plan for the operation and management system of the civil safety insurance is not only a specific part of the study, but also comprehensively current citizens. Based on the results derived from the analysis of safety insurance, it is concluded that alternatives must be found.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.389-397
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• 2022

As the Jordanian government is in the process of implementing accrual-based IPSAS, this study aims to provide academics' perspectives on the effective implementation of accrual-based IPSAS in Jordan to authorities and regulators. The findings of a survey of 124 accounting professors at Jordanian institutions reveal that adopting accrual-based IPSAS will aid in presenting the realistic financial status of governmental bodies, with various advantages to adopting accrual-based IPSAS (e.g., enhance assets and liabilities management, decision-making process, transparency, expenditures management). On the other side, we discovered that change is met with reluctance because the majority of public-sector accountants are untrained and unqualified to apply the accrual-based IPSAS. Another main challenge is the cost of implementing the accrual-based IPSAS in the Jordanian public sector is very high. To address these issues, employees should be motivated by providing suitable training programs, reward systems, and top management support and commitment to a successful transition. Finally, we suggested that Jordanian governments commit to using IPSAS in the public sector to increase residents' socioeconomic advantages. Public sectors should implement IPSASs for improved management, transparency in financial reporting, accountability, and regulatory and supervisory agencies.

• 수산경영론집
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• 제54권4호
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• pp.47-64
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• 2023

The development potential of the aquaculture industry is very high, but there is no financial support for investment except for the government, policy funds, fishery funds, etc. Therefore, we would like to propose a contract transaction in the aquaculture industry. This refers to a forward contract between a producer (fish farmer) and a buyer (mainly a processor or marketer) that stipulates the production and supply of fish products at a predetermined price, but it also refers to an "equity participation type" contract in which both producers and buyers can participate. In other words, it is a model in which part of the fish farm is produced in a way that meets the conditions of the buyer, and part is produced by the producer. This study aims to establish the basic contract trading process. It provides an academic approach to prevent adverse selection and moral hazard due to information asymmetry. It also provides an idea to converge the aquaculture industry with the financial industry using Pecking Order theory. By doing so, we have made it possible for venture capitalists to invest with confidence and provided a process for investors to resolve their concerns, paving the way for the aquaculture industry and the financial industry to develop together.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.143-159
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• 2002

Consumer Education Policy for -Focusing on developing Social support System- The purpose of this research is to understand the change of future consuming environment and the characteristics of future potential consumer: the net generations. With those research results, we deduced our goal, content and method of consumer education for these net generations. Finally, I suggested a scheme of the social construction by demand of our future society. Literature review and depth interview are used for this research. The main factors of the change of our future consuming environment are Digitalization, globalization, improvement of consumer sovereignty, Sustainable consumption culture, the increasing pursuit of safe life. It is necessary to educate our future consumer, net generations, the information searching skills in order to be able to obtain right information. We also need to educate them how to practice the safe life and Sustainable consumption and how to get consumers sovereignty. The method of the education requires interchangeable communication. We need social networking system for the support of consumer education, in order to build this social system. We need an administrative support from the government and financial support from corporations. We have suggested that it is very desirable to share all the information developed among Academic field, Consumer related organizations and schools by this network be build.