• Animal cells and systems
• /
• 제12권4호
• /
• pp.231-240
• /
• 2008

The gorgonian coral Anthoplexaura dimorpha Kukenthal, 1908(Gorgonacea: Octocorallia) is abundant in Jejudo Islands, Korea. To investigate the sexual reproduction of this species, we surveyed the morphology and cycle of gametogenesis. 5-6cm long fragments from 3-7 randomly chosen colonies were collected monthly at a depth of 12-24m in the water surrounding Munseom from August 2003 to August 2005. This species was gonochoric with sex ratio of 1.86:1(female to male), and had one annual reproductive cycle affected by elevation of seawater temperature. Oogenesis was longer than spermatogenesis as 12 months in female and 6 months in male. The planulae were not observed from the field survey and histological sections, which suggested broadcast spawning for the reproductive mode in this species. The possible spawning events may occur after the seawater temperature attain to the annual peak in September.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제23권4호
• /
• pp.437-443
• /
• 2013

The diversity of culturable non-actinobacterial (NA) bacteria associated with four species of South China Sea gorgonians was investigated using culture-dependent methods followed by analysis of the bacterial 16S rDNA sequence. A total of 76 bacterial isolates were recovered and identified, which belonged to 21 species of 7 genera, and Bacillus was the most diverse genus. Fifty-one percent of the 76 isolates displayed antibacterial activities, and most of them belonged to the Bacillus genus. From the culture broth of gorgonian-associated Bacillus methylotrophicus SCSGAB0092 isolated from gorgonian Melitodes squamata, 11 antimicrobial lipopeptides including seven surfactins and four iturins were obtained. These results imply that Bacillus strains associated with gorgonians play roles in coral defense mechanisms through producing antimicrobial substances. This study, for the first time, compares the diversity of culturable NA bacterial communities among four species of South China Sea gorgonians and investigates the secondary metabolites of gorgonian-associated B. methylotrophicus SCSGAB0092.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
• /
• 제32권3호
• /
• pp.197-206
• /
• 2016

Two cold-water coral taxa, Octocorallia in the class Anthozoa and Stylasteridae in the class Hydrozoa, were identified. Deep-water samples were collected in fishing nets at depths ranging between 20 and 200 m along the coasts of the East Sea in Korea from 1976 to 1993. The two species found in this study represent new records for Korea: Paragorgia arborea (Linnaeus, 1758) in the class Anthozoa, and Stylaster profundiporus Broch, 1936 in the class Hydrozoa. Two families, Paragorgiidae and Stylasteridae, are also newly recorded in Korea. Furthermore, the species name of another cold-water gorgonian species, Primnoa pacifica (Kinoshita, 1907) in the family Primnoidae, is amended in this report. The two newly recorded cold-water coral species from Korea are described in detail based on their morphological characteristics. Paragorgia arborea is characterized by its growth form, medulla and cortex, zooid dimorphism, canal system, and spicule composition. Stylaster profundiporus is distinguished by its external skeletal characteristics, such as the coordination of dactylopores and gastropores, presence or absence of gastrostyles and dactylostyles, cyclosystem orientation, ampullar position, gastropore tube shape, and coenosteal texture.

• 약학회지
• /
• 제41권5호
• /
• pp.547-553
• /
• 1997

The purpose of this investigation was to determine the inhibition on $Na^+,\;K^+$-ATPase, cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase and platelet activation by marine sterols isolated from octocorals. Three marine polyhydroxysterols, 7${\alpha},\;8{\alpha}-epoxy-3b{\beta},\;5{\alpha},\;6{\alpha}-trihydroxycholestane (1),\;24-methyl-7{\alpha},\;8{\alpha}-epoxy-3{\beta},\;5{\alpha},\;6{\alpha}-trihydroxycholest-22-ene (2),\;and\;7{\alpha},\;8{\alpha}-epoxy-3{\beta},\;5{\alpha},\;6{\alpha}-trihydroxycholest-22-ene (3)$, were isolated from the Gorgonian Acabaria undulata. Five marine sterols(compound 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) were isolated from the soft coral Alcyonium gracillimum. Three marine polyhydroxysterols (1, 2, 3) and pregna-1. 20-diene-3-one (8) exhibit a potent inhibitory effect on rabbit platelet aggregation induced by collagen and thrombin. Those polyhydroxysterols also exhibit a potent inhibitory effect on cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase. Compound 6 with an unusual cyclic enolether exhibit a inhibitory effect on $Na^+,\;K^+$-ATPase.