• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.194-202
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• 1998

This paper describes a hardware implementation method of a Petri Net-based controller. A flexible and systematic implementation method, based on look-up tables, is suggested, which enables to build high speed Petri net-based controllers. The suggested method overcomes the inherent speed limit that arises from the microprocessors by using of matrix-based look-up tables. Based on the matrix framework, this paper suggests various specific data path structures as well as a basic data path structure, accompanied by evolution algorithms, for sub-class Petri nets. A new sub-class Petri net, named Biarced Petri Net, resolves memory explosion problem that usually comes with matrix-based look-up tables. The suggested matrix-based method based on the Biarced Petri net has as good efficiency and expendability as the list-based methods. This paper shows the usefulness of the suggested method, evaluating the size of the look-up tables and introducing an architecture of the signal processing unit of a programmable controller. The suggested implementation method is supported by an automatic design support program.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.357-369
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• 2006

All over the country tries to clarify the content of 'Public Policy' in recognition and implementation of Foreign Arbitral Awards : it makes comments of the international consensus of Geneva Convention(1927), New York Convention(1958) and the UNCITRAL Model Law on Public Policy, and it takes a general view of domestic laws how they deal with Public policy and Foreign Arbitral Awards. Foreign Arbitral Awards should be appropriately respected and implementation by the courts of countries encourage parties in a legal procedure to refuse enforcement by invoking "Public Policy." In order to cope with such invocations, the purport of the above recommendation on Foreign Arbitral Awards should be internationally recognized and the exceptional circumstances should be restricted unless the International Court of Arbitral Awards is not established a Dr. Holtzmann/Schwebel brought forward. In this paper suggests the list of the exceptional circumstances. Korean Arbitration Law stipulates as the Civil proceeding Law did, "good morals and the social order of the Republic of Korea" as a ground for refusing enforcement of Arbitral Awards. Studies on counteraction against invocations of Public Policy to refuse enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards should be developed.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.159-182
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• 2016

Purpose This paper aims to develop a novel tabu search algorithm for solving the sequencing problems with precedence constraints. Due to constraints, the traditional meta heuristic methods can generate infeasible solutions during search procedure, which must be carefully dealt with. On the contrary, the candidate order based tabu search (COTS) is based on a novel neighborhood structure that guarantees the feasibility of solutions, and can dealt with a wide range of sequencing problems in flexible manner. Design/methodology/approach Candidate order scheme is a strategy for constructing a feasible sequence by iteratively appending an item at a time, and it has been successfully applied to genetic algorithm. The primary benefit of the candidate order scheme is that it can effectively deal with the additional constraints of sequencing problems and always generates the feasible solutions. In this paper, the candidate order scheme is used to design the neighborhood structure, tabu list and diversification operation of tabu search. Findings The COTS has been applied to the single machine job sequencing problems, and we can see that COTS can find the good solutions whether additional constraints exist or not. Especially, the experiment results reveal that the COTS is a promising approach for solving the sequencing problems with precedence constraints. In addition, the operations of COTS are intuitive and easy to understand, and it is expected that this paper will provide useful insights into the sequencing problems to the practitioners.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.7
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• pp.53-68
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• 2001

In this paper, Computer Games is still going strong. We are still making incremental improvements to the computer game, mobile game, but it seems to have settled into a fairly standard version and layout. Many games have passed through our life over the past couple of years. A number of the best have been written about in these games. Unfortunately there are too many games and too little time, and make some hard choices about what games actually play regularly. This is obviously a very personal list of favorite games, and change fairly regularly as new games rotate in and old games are given a rest for a while. It brings ours to the question of what we look for in a game, and why choose one game to play over another? What does make a game good enough to play time after time? Therefore, a game has to have, above all, interesting tactics and strategy, but also we like originality and simplicity. There is also a certain quality that is very difficult to define that makes some games beautiful. At last in this issue we return to mobile oriented games. This paper will discuss Computer Game Conditions in terms of the different games, components, and Design amd Implementation of Computer Game Menu Simulation based on 4GL, PowerBuilder.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.109-126
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of price-attitude toward apparel products on shopping values and consumption behavior. The study was carried out in Deagu and Kyungbook area. Applying the convenience sampling, total 326 questionnaire were collected from university students who were randomly selected as participants. This study used frequency, factor analysis, reliability analysis, regression analysis, and t-test for data analysis. The finding are as follows. Price-attitude toward apparel products was categorized into information leading, price dignity, price discount, list price orientation, quality value and using coupons. Shopping tendency factors were found as pursuit of pleasure, pursuit of sociality, and pursuit of economic feasibility. Consumption behavior factors were categorized into impulsive buying, ostentatious consumption, utilization of internet information, possession of material and brand trust. Price-attitude toward apparel products had a significant effect on shopping values and consumption behavior. University students seemed to consider the value of money to be very important as well as economic feasibility. They utilized information from the internet to buy products with good quality and showed high usage level of coupons. And, university students who buy at a least price tried to show dignity with expensive brand products and they consider those brands express self-confidence.

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.29-41
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• 2006

Subclinical hypothyroidism is defined as a normal serum free thyroxine level combined with an elevated thyroid stimulating hormone level. The causes of subclinical hypothyroidism are the same as those of overt hypothyroidism. There is good evidence that subclinical hypothyroidism is associated with progression to overt disease. The management of subclinical hypothyroidism is remains controversial. Patients with a serum thyroid stimulating hormone level greater than 10 mU/L have a higher incidence of elevated serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations; however, evidence is lacking for other associations. There is insufficient evidence that hormone treatment of subclinical hypothyroidism is beneficial. The use of thyroid stimulating hormone level lone as a diagnostic and assessment tool for hypothyroidism is inadequate because this test cannot identify numerous conditions this sentence is unclear in its meaning. Using an expanded list of clinical signs and symptoms associated with dysfunction of the Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Thyroid axis, it is possible to hypothesize that subclinical hypothyroidism may be more common in a population of patients with early signs of age-related diseases than most practitioners realize. To improve thyroid function in subclinical hypothyroidism patients, practitioners should become familiar with foods and nutrients that can hinder or support thyroid function.

• Journal of KIBIM
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.1-16
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• 2021

Since entering the 21st century, the construction industry has developed faster and faster, and more and more technologies have been applied in the construction industry. BIM technology (Building Information Modeling) was born in this environment. The application of BIM technology can greatly improve the efficiency of cost management and help achieve the goal of cost management. But through BIM to realize project cost management, there is still no good solution. In order to solve this problem, this paper puts forward the concept of WBS structure applied to construction projects by studying the BoQ (Bill of Quantities) list based on BIM, and proposes the numbering method of the structure. The WBS (Work Breakdown Structure) structure proposed in this paper divides more than 5000 cost objects into 133 projects according to the type of work and project schedule. This structure helps to realize the application of BIM in project cost management. Although this article has studied more than 5000 data of three projects, it does not think that it can cover all cost objects in the existing construction industry. The purpose of this article is to propose a solution for cost and Process Control using BIM-based BoQ data.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.47-56
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• 2023

Despite the commercialization of Next generation sequencing (NGS) gene testing, only a few studies have addressed the various ethical and legal problems associated with NGS testing in Korea Here, we reviewed the normative issues that emerged at each stage of the wet analysis and bioinformatics analysis of NGS gene testing. In particular, it was in mind to apply various international guidelines and the principles of bioethics to actual clinical practice. Considering the characteristics of NGS testing, wet analysis of additional testing can be justified if presumptive consent is recognized. Furthermore, the medical relationship between diseases needs to be established and it should be clear that the patient would have given consent if the patient had been aware of the correlation between genes. At the stage of bioinformatics analysis, the question of unsolicited findings arises. In case of unsolicited and relevant findings, according to American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG), a recognized relationship between genes and diseases needs to be established. In case of unsolicited and not-relevant findings, it is almost impossible to determine whether knowing or not knowing the findings is more beneficial to the patient. However, it seems to be certain that the psychological harm an individual may suffer from such information is likely to be greater if the disease is severe and if there is no cure. The list of genes for which the ACMG guidelines impose reporting obligations is a good reference for judgment.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.66 no.4
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• pp.356-381
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• 2023

Although immunotherapy has been broadly successful in the treatment of hematologic malignancies and a subset of solid tumors, its clinical outcomes for glioblastoma are still inadequate. The results could be due to neuroanatomical structures such as the blood-brain-barrier, antigenic heterogeneity, and the highly immunosuppressive microenvironment of glioblastomas. The antitumor efficacy of endogenously activated effector cells induced by peptide or dendritic cell vaccines in particular has been insufficient to control tumors. Effector cells, such as T cells and natural killer (NK) cells can be expanded rapidly ex vivo and transferred to patients. The identification of neoantigens derived from tumor-specific mutations is expanding the list of tumor-specific antigens for glioblastoma. Moreover, recent advances in gene-editing technologies enable the effector cells to not only have multiple biological functionalities, such as cytokine production, multiple antigen recognition, and increased cell trafficking, but also relieve the immunosuppressive nature of the glioblastoma microenvironment by blocking immune inhibitory molecules, which together improve their cytotoxicity, persistence, and safety. Allogeneic chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells edited to reduce graft-versus-host disease and allorejection, or induced pluripotent stem cell-derived NK cells expressing CARs that use NK-specific signaling domain can be a good candidate for off-the-shelf products of glioblastoma immunotherapy. We here discuss current progress and future directions for T cell and NK cell therapy in glioblastoma.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.106-117
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• 2024

Purpose: This study examined the effects of stress vulnerability and parental burnout on the mental health of women with early school-aged children, with a focus on the mediating role of spirituality. Methods: A survey was conducted among 171 women with early schoolaged children in Gyeonggi Province, Gangwon Province, and Seoul. Data were collected from September to December 2022 using the Korean-Symptom Check List 95, the Parental Burnout Assessment, and the Spirituality Assessment Scale. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling with SPSS/WIN 22.0 and AMOS 20.0. Results: The study model demonstrated a good fit, explaining 40.5% of the variance in mental health through stress vulnerability, parental burnout, and spirituality. Spirituality had a significant direct impact on mental health. Additionally, participants' spirituality directly influenced their mental health, while stress vulnerability and parental burnout indirectly affected their mental health and were mediated through spirituality. Conclusion: Stress vulnerability and parental burnout are negatively associated with mental health, while spirituality partially mediates these effects. Implementing a program to promote spirituality is suggested to assist mothers in recognizing the value and meaning of parenting activities during nursing interventions for mental health.