• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.163-170
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• 1995

This study was carried out to compare the acute toxicity(96hr) of 13 chemicals to carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) and israeli carp (Cyprinus israeli carpio L.) and the activities of acetylcholinesterase (AchE) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) in israeli carp exposed to five insecticides (diazinon, malathion, carbofuran, cartap, methomyl). $LC_{50}$ values of acute toxicity of the chemicals to israeli carp were endosulfan 0.0061ppm, captafol 0.041ppm, chlorothalonil 0.073ppm, butachlor 0.48ppm, captan 0.14ppm, carbofuran 1.13ppm, cartap 1.15ppm, diazinon 1.35ppm, nitrofen 3.72ppm, methomyl 4.39ppm, propanil 10.61ppm, malathion 11.78ppm and isoprothiolane 12.81ppm. The acute toxicity of endosulfan 0.0061ppm was 2100 times higher than that of isoprothiolane 12.81ppm. $LC_{50}$ values of acute toxicity of the chemicals to carp were endosulfan 0.0026ppm, captafol 0.062ppm, chlorothalonil 0.078ppm, captan 0.14ppm, and butachlor 0.47ppm, carbofuran 0.52ppm, nitrofen 0.58ppm, diazinon 0.81ppm, cartap 0.82ppm, methomyl 5.03ppm, propanil 10.67ppm, malathion 11.92ppm, and isoprothiolane 13.20ppm. The acute toxicity of endosulfan was 5,000 times higher than that of isoprothiolane. The toxicity of diazinon, carbofuran, cartap, endosulfan, and nitrofen to carp was approximately 2-6 times as high as that to israeli carp, but the toxicity of malathion, methomyl and captafol to israeli carp was slightly higher than that to carp. AchE activity was inhibited by 31% and 52% after 96hr’s exposure of israeli carp to diazinon and malathion respectively. GST activity in israeli carp was significantly induced by methomyl exposure for 96 hr.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.569-573
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• 2009

This study was carried out to investigate the protective effect of Hovenia dulcis Thumb leaves extract on liver damage in benzo($\alpha$)pyrene (B($\alpha$)P)-treated mice. Hovenia dulcis Thumb leaves methanol extract was intra-peritoneally injected once daily for 5 successive days, followed by treatment with B($\alpha$)p. The elevated activities of serum aminotransferase and hepatic cytochrome P450 by B($\alpha$)p were decreased by pretreatment with Hovenia dulcis Thumb leaves extract. Hovenia dulcis Thumb leaves extract also significantly prevented the elevation of hepatic malondialdehyde content and depletion of glutathione content induced by B($\alpha$)P. In addition, the increased activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase after B($\alpha$)P-treatment were decreased. On the other hand, glutathione S-transferase activity was increased by pretreatment with Hovenia dulcis Thumb leaves extract. These results suggest that Hovenia dulcis Thumb leaves extract have a protective effect on liver damage by B($\alpha$)P through the mechanisms of decreasing lipid peroxide and activities of free radical generating enzymes.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권11호
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• pp.5619-5625
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• 2012

Gastric carcinoma is a leading cause of cancer death in the world and multi-drug resistance (MDR) is an essential aspect of gastric carcinoma chemotherapy failure. Recent studies have shown that integrin-linked kinase (ILK) is involved in metastasis of human tumors, expression silencing of ILK inhibiting the metastasis of several types of cultured human cancer cells. However, the role and potential mechanism of ILK to reverse the multi-drug resistance in human gastric carcinoma is not fully clear. In this report, we focused on roles of expression silencing of ILK in multi-drug resistance reversal of human gastric carcinoma SGC7901/DDP cells, including increased drug sensitivity to cisplatin, cell apoptosis rates, and intracellular accumulation of Rhodamine-123, and decreased mRNA and protein expression of multi-drug resistance gene (MDR1), multi-drug resistance-associated protein (MRP1), excision repair cross-complementing gene 1 (ERCC1), glutathione S-transferase -${\pi}$ (GST-${\pi}$) and RhoE, and transcriptional activation of AP-1 and NF-${\kappa}B$ in ILK silenced SGC7901/DDP cells. We also found that there was a decreased level of p-Akt and p-ERK. The results indicated that ILK might be used as a potential therapeutic strategy to combat multi-drug resistance through blocking PI3K-Akt and MAPK-ERK pathways in human gastric carcinoma.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.19-24
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• 1997

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of enzyme activities on male Sprague-Dawley rats intoxicated by CCI4 on IS(Godulbaegi) diets for 4 weeks. We divides into 5 diet groups which were normal diet(N), normal diet intoxicated by CCI4(NC) and 3 IS diets ; leaves diet(ILC), roots diet(IRC) and mixed diet of leaves and roots which were also injected by CCI4 3 times for 4 weeks. The activity of glutamic pyruvic transaminase(GPT) in serum in NC was higher than in N as we expected. The GPT activites and the values of malondial-dehyde(MDA) of IS groups were all lower than in NC, IC as lowest. The activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD) in NC was higher than in N and IS groups had values less than the values of N. Catalase showed similarity in results as above. The values of glutathione S-transferase(GST) and cytochrome P-450 in NC were lower than in N. IS groups had higher values than in NC. Godulbaegi might be important not only as one of the traditional Korean foods but also as therapeutic agent for hepatotoxicity and for shortening the recovery time in liver disease.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.235-240
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• 2006

The oral administration of extracts of young radishes cultivated with sulfur after intravenous tumor cell injection achieved a marked reduction of pulmonary colonization in mice. Treatment of the mice with extracts of young radish cultivated with sulfur did not show any increase in the number of CD8+ or NK T cells in the spleen, indicating no influence on host immunity. Sulforaphane, which could be a candidate for an active compound from young radishes cultivated with sulfur, inhibited cell growth of B16-F10 melanoma cells. In addition, extracts of the young radish cultivated with sulfur-fed group showed enhanced quinine reductase (QR) activities in the liver and lung and a slight increase of glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity in the liver. These results suggested that the administration of extracts of young radishes cultivated with sulfur suppressed pulmonary tumorigenesis, possibly due to increased activity of detoxification enzymes in the liver and lung, and partly due to cell cytotoxicity.

• The Journal of Korean Society of Virology
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.9-17
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• 1997

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) E2 protein is known to be one of putative envelope proteins. To develop a sensitive detection method for HCV infected tissues and cells, monoclonal antibodys (MAbs) to the E2 protein of HCV were prepared from mice immunized with recombinant baculovirus-expressing E2 protein (Bac-E2). Several hybridoma clones secreting various levels of MAb were isolated and isotypes of these MAb were determined. One clone (L.2.3.3) was used for ascites production and the E2-MAb was purified and characterized. The L.2.3.3 reacted well with both Bac-E2 and E. coli expressed glutathione-S-transferase-E2 (GST-E2) fusion proteins. Using HCV patient sera, E2 envelope protein was found to be localized in the cell membrane boundary both in CHO cells and insect cells which express HCV E2 protein. Similar result was obtained when same cells were treated with the MAb L.2.3.3. These results demonstrated that Bac-E2 protein is capable of eliciting high titer antibody production in mice.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.455-461
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• 2012

Amongst the various antimicrobial peptides, lysozyme plays a central role in initiating and maintaining the antibacterial defense response of insect. Here we propose the biosynthesis and refolding of recombinant lysozyme in Escherichia coli expressed in inclusion body form. The Agrius lysozyme gene was amplified using gene specific primers and then ligated into the pGEX-4T-1 vector, which contained the glutathione S-transferase (GST) gene as a fusion partner. A recombinant lysozyme was expressed in E. coli Rosetta cells using a pGEX-4T-1 expression vector, and the fusion protein was induced by ioporpyl-${\beta}$-D-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG). The recombinant protein produced as an inclusion body was resolubilized in solubilization buffer, and the resultant solution was dialyzed in refolding buffer. After thrombin cleavage, the recombinant lysozyme was purified by ion exchange chromatography and reverse phase chromatography. The recombinant lysozyme was subjected to sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) analysis and immunoreactivity against the anti-Agrius lysozyme was observed by western blot analysis of this protein. The recombinant lysozyme displayed antibacterial activity against Bacillus megaterium and Micrococcus luteus, which was confirmed by the inhibition zone assay.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.574-580
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• 2007

Full-length chloride intracellular channel protein 1 (CLIC1) is a member of the family of proteins related to bovine chloride intracellular channel p64. Mutations in the SEDL gene cause spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia tarda (SEDT), a rare X-linked chondrodysplasia. The link between the intracellular chloride channels and SEDL is an important step toward understanding their functional interplay. In the present study, CLIC1 protein was subcloned into the pGEX-KG vector and overexpressed in XL-1 blue cells. We developed a large-scale expression system composed of glutathione S-transferase (GST) fused with a 240-amino-acid CLIC1 protein in Escherichia coli. The soluble CLIC1 protein was successfully purified to homogeneity, and its purity, identity, activity and conformation were determined using SDS-PAGE, MALDI-MS, biophotometer and circular dichroism spectroscopic studies. The binding of both CLIC1 and SEDL proteins in vitro was detected by BIAcore biosensor and fluorescence measurements.

• Proceedings of the Ginseng society Conference
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• 고려인삼학회 2002년도 학술대회지
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• pp.277-287
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• 2002

The chemopreventive effects of ginseng on rat carcinogenesis models were investigated, In the present study, the inhibitory effects of white and red ginseng on tumor development were examined using medium-term liver, initiation and medium-term multi-organ carcinogenicity bioassay systems. No modifying potential of the ginsengs was evident in terms of the numbers or areas of glutathione S-transferase placental form (GST -P)-positive foci, which is a marker of preneoplastic lesion in rat livers. However, white ginseng, but not red ginseng was found to decrease the incidences of adenocarcinoma of the small intestine and colon in the medium-term multi-organ carcinogenesis model. These results indicate that white ginseng may have inhibitory effects on progression stage of rat intestinal carcinogenesis, but the influence is not strong. Ginseng is unlikely to have promoting or inhibitory effects in other organs under the present type of experimental conditions. Possible application on ginseng for chemoprevention of colon cancer in humans, can be concluded given the lack of obvious adverse effects.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• 제4권
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• pp.129-146
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• 1998

The effects of vitamin E supplement on 15%(w/w diet) perilla or corn oils were studied in rat hepatocellular chemical carcinogenesis induced by modified Solt & Farber model, which consists of 20mg/kg body weight diethylintrosamine(DEN) injection, 3 weeks feeding of 0.02%2-acetylaminofluorene(2-AAF) and partial hepatectomy. The area of placental glutathione S-transferase(GST-P) positive foci tended to be smaller in perilla oil group had lower thiobarbituric acid reactive substances(TBARS) CONTENT. Fatty acid compositions in microsomal membrane were reflected by dietary fatty acid compositions, and not affected by carcinogen treatment or vitamin E supplement. By vitamin E supplement, linolenic acid contents of perilla oil group were much increased. By carcinogen treatment, membrane stability decreased significantly in corn oil, but maintained in perilla oil groups Vitamin E supplemental effect was noticed only in the corn-carcinogen group. Perilla oil may prevent hepatocarcinogenesis by maintaining membrane stability and by reducing cytochrome P-450 content. Vitamin E supplement did not seem to have the effect on hepatocarcinogenesis, but prevented lipid peroxidation, reduced cytochrome P-450 content and maintained membrane stability.