• Journal of the Korean Society of Earth Science Education
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.199-204
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• 2011

This study examines eighteen elementary teachers knowledge and teaching practrice of climate change using the KQEM survey, modified from the survey developed by Leiserowitz, A., Smith, N. & Marlon, J.R. (2010). The survey includes 11 questions from KQEM survey and 2 open ended questions about teachers' knowledge of climate change and their understandings of important climate change concept for elementary students. All of the participant teachers were purposefully selected for the study and were participated in the study volunteerly. The data for this study were analyzed both quantitatively and qualitatively. The result of this study indicates that the teachers have knowledge of climate change specifically about the topics of causes of climate change and consequences of climate change such as shifting biome and ecological impacts. While most of the teachers described climate change phenomena using scientific knowledge, some of the teachers (N=2) showed misconceptions about climate change phenomena. Most of the teachers thought the causes of climate change and potential solutions to reduce climate change are important concept that elementary students need to understand about climate change. Actually, most of the teachers are currently teaching the causes and consequences of climate change (N=13) potential solutions to global warming (N= 8). This study could inform teacher educators about what elementary teachers understand about climate change and what elementary teachers are currently teaching about climate change.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.3043-3051
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• 2013

As abnormal climate phenomena frequently happen due to the after-effect of the global warming, all nations suggest climate change response policies in many different fields to prevent global warming by reducing greenhouse gas. Especially, these days, the realization that the greenhouse gas from city buildings should be decreased is growing, and it is because that buildings are accounted for a quarter of national greenhouse gas emission and it is more than half the percentage of emissions within the city. Accordingly, Korean government sees the need to take an initiating role to fulfill low-carbon green policies and promotion strategies in the public sector, and wants to facilitate greenhouse gas reduction in the private sector as well. In this background, this study tries to examine the low-carbon planning element in public buildings and figure out the amount of carbon reduction and economic analysis centering Cheongju city as case study. Lastly, we propose some suggestion for low-carbon and greening of public buildings.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.51-67
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to develop and applicate the elementary environmental textbook in order to solve its problem and to improve attitude related to the Asian dust. The results in this research are as follows. First, it was showed that three groups who composed of teachers, parents and students in the elementary school had recognized the serosities and problems caused by the Asian dust form TV, and that such problems was associated with increase of the desertification and the global warming. Especially the student group insist that the cause in Asian dust is due to the natural phenomena or industrialization. Second, as a result in analysis on the Asian dust through both textbooks on the 7th elementary curriculum and subsidiary textbooks, contents concerning Asian dusts was little or noting. In addition, in the subjects of Science, Society and Health for the 5th and 6th grade students in the elementary school, they were explained partially as one of the air pollutants. Third, the elementary environmental textbook on the Asian dust was developed for the 5th and 6th grade students. The textbook is composed of four contents on the material which is harmful of the human health and life in Asian dust, the special news of Asian dust, and the best answer to solve Asian dust as well as the cause and the source of Asian dust. Forth, as a result in classes using the environmental textbook developed by four themes about the Asian dust, its application is meaningful in the level of p value in the view of knowledge, awareness and attitude of the experiment group. They was more improved in 37%, 14%, and 15%, respectively, than the comparative group. In conclusion, the environmental textbook related to Asian dust will play an important role in useful tool to understand the right knowledge, awareness, and attitude which makes an effort on its effective management in the elementary school.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2023.05a
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• pp.314-314
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• 2023

Extreme climate events can have a large impact on human life by hampering social, environmental, and economic development. Global circulation models (GCMs) are the widely used numerical models to understand the anticipated future climate change. However, different GCMs can project different future climates due to structural differences, varying initial boundary conditions and assumptions about the physical phenomena. The multi-model ensemble (MME) approach can improve the uncertainties associated with the different GCM outcomes. In this study, a comprehensive rating metric was used to select the best-performing GCMs out of 11 CMIP5 and 13 CMIP6 GCMs, according to their skills in terms of four temporal and five spatial performance indices, in replicating the 21 extreme climate indices during the baseline (1975-2017) in South Korea. The MME data were derived by averaging the simulations from all selected GCMs and three top-ranked GCMs. The random forest (RF) algorithm was also used to derive the MME data from the three top-ranked GCMs. The RF-derived MME data of the three top-ranked GCMs showed the highest performance in simulating the baseline extreme climate which was subsequently used to project the future extreme climate indices under both the representative concentration pathway (RCP) and the socioeconomic concentration pathway scenarios (SSP). The extreme cold and warming indices had declining and increasing trends, respectively, and most extreme precipitation indices had increasing trends over the period 2031-2100. Compared to all scenarios, RCP8.5 showed drastic changes in future extreme climate indices. The coasts in the east, south and west had stronger warming than the rest of the country, while mountain areas in the north experienced more extreme cold. While extreme cold climatology gradually declined from north to south, extreme warming climatology continuously grew from coastal to inland and northern mountainous regions. The results showed that the socially, environmentally and agriculturally important regions of South Korea were at increased risk of facing the detrimental impacts of extreme climatology.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.193-196
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• 2005

As global warming proceeds, South Eastern Asia is undergoing drought, and the harshness of drought in the middle area of Korea is increasing. Especially, there has been the worst spring drought in 2001 since the first meteorological observation, and the damages caused by that drought are being ana lysed in various ways. In this study, spectral indices derived from satellites are used to examine 2001 spring drought, and the application of MODIS Data products as the quantitative tool to analyse drought in the future is examined.

• Journal of Aerospace System Engineering
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.13-18
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• 2012

Every 3000 hour an aircraft is stricken by a lightning. Also the lightning damage to the aircraft during flight are continually occurred due to extreme weather phenomena such as global warming. Under the airworthiness standards, the aircraft must be designed to protect lightning. To show compliance for lightning, the test should be conducted by the actual lightning current and voltage waveform for the actual aircraft or parts. After test, structure damage is detected via visual inspection or NDI. Structure substantiation for damage is to show retaining limit or near limit load capability. This is conducted by test or analysis based on test. Thus, the aircraft should retain structural strength to land safely, even though the damage of aircraft fuselage from Lightning strike are occurred.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.175-183
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• 2011

The climate of the $21^{st}$ century is likely to be significantly different from that of the 20th century because of human-induced climate change. An extreme weather event is defined as a climate phenomenon that has not been observed for the past 30 years and that may have occurred by climate change and climate variability. The abnormal climate change can induce natural disasters such as floods, droughts, typhoons, heavy snow, etc. How will the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events be affected by the global warming change in the $21^{st}$ century? This could be a quite interesting matter of concern to the hydrologists who will forecast the extreme weather events for preventing future natural disasters. In this study, we establish the extreme indices and analyze the trend of extreme weather events using extreme indices estimated from the observed data of 66 stations controlled by the Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA) in Korea. These analyses showed that spatially coherent and statistically significant changes in the extreme events of temperature and rainfall have occurred. Under the global climate change, Korea, unlike in the past, is now being affected by extreme weather events such as heavy rain and abnormal temperatures in addition to changes in climate phenomena.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.45-53
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• 2013

Global warming causes sea levels to rise and global changes apparently taking place including coastline changes. Coastline change due to sea level rise is also one of the most significant phenomena affected by global climate change. Accordingly, Coastline change detection can be utilized as an indicator of representing global climate change. Generally, Coastline change has happened mainly because of not only sea level rise but also artificial factor that is reclaimed land development by mud flat reclamation. However, Arctic coastal areas have been experienced serious change mostly due to sea level rise rather than other factors. The purposes of this study are automatic extraction of coastline and identifying change. In this study, in order to extract coastline automatically, contrast of the water and the land was maximized utilizing modified NDWI(Normalized Difference Water Index) and it made automatic extraction of coastline possibile. The imagery converted into modified NDWI were applied image processing techniques in order that appropriate threshold value can be found automatically to separate the water and land. Then the coastline was extracted through edge detection algorithm and changes were detected using extracted coastlines. Without the help of other data, automatic extraction of coastlines using LANDSAT was possible and similarity was found by comparing NLCD data as a reference data. Also, the results of the study area that is permafrost always frozen below $0^{\circ}C$ showed quantitative changes of the coastline and verified that the change was accelerated.

• Journal of the Korean Geosynthetics Society
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.73-84
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• 2021

Recently, interest in environmental issues is increasing worldwide due to abnormal climate phenomena caused by global warming. Global efforts are continuing to actively respond to climate change, but the dependence on fossil fuels is still high. In particular, a huge amount of fossil fuels and mineral resources are buried in the Arctic Circle, so development and construction projects are being actively pursued. Participation and cooperation in the development of Arctic resources (oil and gas resources) is one of the alternatives to domestic energy supply. Resource development in the Arctic Circle requires close review(Poor development environment and technical limitations due to extreme climate, environmental problems due to resource development, social impact, etc.) in advance compared to general resource development. In this pater, the laws and guidelines related to climate change to be considered were reviewed. when developing Arctic resources. In addition, the countermeasures against climate change applied in large-scale resource development projects in the Arctic were reviewed. It is expected that the results of the research and analysis of this study will be used to establish strategies to respond to new risk factors that influence the successful promotion and operation of the Arctic region resource development project.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.797-813
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• 2011

Frequently occurring flood and drought due to abnormal climate and global warming have increased the necessity of an effective water resources control and management of river flows. The various hydraulic structures are constructed in river as part of an effective water resources management. It is very important to analyse characteristics of flow according to installing hydraulic structures in this situations. The objective of this study is to investigate the hydraulic behaviors of flow considering affections of hydraulic structures using 2-D numerical model. To do this, both RMA-2 model and developed RAM2 model are used to analyse flow phenomena before and after installation of hydraulic structures in Nakdong river. As a result of, the water surface elevation at upstream regions increased about 22cm~66cm and the velocity around the structures sharply increased after installation of structures. The measures for the rise of water surface at upstream and local scour due to high velocity around the structures must be established when the structures is constructed.