• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.704-707
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• 2004

The structure should be designed to be safe to any direction of earthquake input. However, the reference axes whereby the structure is analyzed and designed against earthquake may influence the design member forces. This study is concerned with the effect of the choice of the reference axes on the seismic design member forces. The analytical results on member forces using the principal axes suggested by Wilson and the global axes generally adopted in design offices show that the values of member forces by the principal axes be about $15\%$ smaller than those by the global axes in the example structure.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.821-848
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• 2014

This paper presents a novel method to carry out monitoring of transport infrastructure such as pavements and bridges through the analysis of vehicle accelerations. An algorithm is developed for the identification of dynamic vehicle-bridge interaction forces using the vehicle response. Moving force identification theory is applied to a vehicle model in order to identify these dynamic forces between the vehicle and the road and/or bridge. A coupled half-car vehicle-bridge interaction model is used in theoretical simulations to test the effectiveness of the approach in identifying the forces. The potential of the method to identify the global bending stiffness of the bridge and to predict the pavement roughness is presented. The method is tested for a range of bridge spans using theoretical simulations and the influences of road roughness and signal noise on the accuracy of the results are investigated.

• 에너지협의회보
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• s.17
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• pp.4-10
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• 1990

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.330-344
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• 2023

This research report cuts across management sciences (market strategy entry mode development) and innovative technology (Electric Vehicle (EV)) alongside measures to submerge global warming. The development of a successful entry mode for the electric Vehicle into the African continent is the main objective of the study. The study focuses on an analysis of how electric car manufacturers can enter the African market in other to achieve global sustainability and social responsibility. The methodology is based on identifying the factors that affect the choice of an entry mode into international markets by multinational companies desiring to leverage their revenue through a foreign market. It also offered a quantitative approach that can support the economic and sustainability entry mode model for EVs and a qualitative approach of Porter's five forces analysis as an entry mode coaching tool for EVs. These proxies are used in quite a wide range of multivariate statistical methods (trend analysis, ratio, and probability, comparative t-test technique, auto-regression, and ordinary least square technique). The result acknowledges joint venture and setting of the plant (physical presents) as the optimal entry mode in African EV market. It requires the EV manufacturers a tire-free emission innovation technology in order to optimize the global sustainability initiative.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.46
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• pp.354-386
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• 2009

Global women's magazines have been approached as a significant site for exploring the dynamic interaction between global and local forces. Unlike other global media products which are imported from overseas, global women's magazines are published through the cooperation with local companies. These ownership patterns allow local editions of global women's magazines to negotiate the tension and contradiction between the global media and local publishers. Thus, the main purpose of this research is to investigate the dialectic interaction between the global and local forces in the production of international women's magazines in Korea. To explore the dynamic interaction between the global and local forces, both globalization and localization efforts of international women's magazines which occur during the production process were examined through in-depth interviews with personnel in the magazine industry. The result of this research showed that international women's magazines are not a mere part of global media but a 'glocalized' media product, which carry local content via global formats. The form of international women's magazines seems to be more globalized or standardized, while the content (text) is relatively localized by reflecting local readers' interests and the cultural values of Korean society.

• Journal of the Korean Academic Society of Industrial Cluster
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.28-43
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• 2008

This paper searches for a potential path of Korean clusters to be competitive global innovation clusters (CGICs) and provides appropriate policy interventions to promote the cluster formation process in Korea. It argues that clusters which have their distinctive competitiveness are created as the cluster members are collectively responding to the switching forces in a rapidly changing capitalist economy. The Korean economy has acquired various assets through the rapid economic progress and these can be efficiently utilized for the creation of globally leading clusters in Korea. The process is not just copying the one and only Silicon Valley model but to create the distinguished Korean model of locally embedded innovation. That requires a recreation process of innovation clusters in Korea.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.205-224
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• 2015

A new method for designing moment resisting concrete frames failing in a global mode is presented in this paper. Starting from the analysis of the typical collapse mechanisms of frames subjected to horizontal forces, the method is based on the application of the kinematic theorem of plastic collapse. The beam section properties are assumed to be known quantities, because they are designed to resist vertical loads. As a consequence, the unknowns of the design problem are the column sections. They are determined by means of design conditions expressing that the kinematically admissible multiplier of the horizontal forces corresponding to the global mechanism has to be the smallest among all kinematically admissible multipliers. In addition, the proposed design method includes the influence of second-order effects. In particular, second-order effects can play an important role in the seismic design and can be accounted for by means of the mechanism equilibrium curves of the analysed collapse mechanism. The practical application of the proposed methodology is herein presented with reference to the design of a multi-storey frame whose pattern of yielding is validated by means of push-over analysis.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.235-251
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• 2023

A method that can estimate global deformation and internal forces using a limited amount of displacement data and based on the shape superposition technique and a neural network has been recently developed. However, it is difficult to directly measure sufficient displacement data owing to the limitations of conventional displacement meters and the high cost of global navigation satellite systems (GNSS). Therefore, in this study, the previously developed estimation method was extended by combining displacement, slope, and strain to improve the estimation accuracy while reducing the need for high-cost GNSS. To validate the proposed model, the global deformation and internal forces of a cable-stayed bridge were estimated using limited multi-response data. The effect of multi-response data was analyzed, and the estimation performance of the extended method was verified by comparing its results with those of previous methods using a numerical model. The comparison results reveal that the extended method has better performance when estimating global responses than previous methods.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.453-466
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• 2011

The main aim of this paper is to explore the Korean development strategy in the context of trajectories of the economic development from 1961 to 2010. The fast and high growth in the period of 1961 and 2010 resulted from the 'export-oriented industrialization' through a combination of 'mass production-mass exports' and '(relatively) high productivity-low wages' up to the late 1980s, a mixture of 'mass production-mass exports' and '(relatively) high productivity-high wages' to the late 1990s, and a combination of the reformation of public and private sectors for overcoming the Korean financial crisis and the gradual improvement of the marketization and social safety net since 2000. With respect to this model of development, the global and national modes of regulation were established. Along with the formation of endogenous forces (as the national mode of regulation), that of exogenous forces (as the global mode of regulation) are the important rules of the game at the global level, which lead and stabilize the process of accumulation by the export-led industrialization in Korea. In this respect, the establishment of global modes of regulation is led by exogenous forces such as trade regulations, exchange rates, global-Korean industrial relations, and global regulations of loans to developing countries. On the other hand, the national modes of regulation are formed by endogenous forces such as the triangular relationship of the state, capital and labor.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.3-8
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• 2007

"The world is flat" as the popular author Thomas L. Friedman declares in his best belling book about the progress of business globalization in the $21^{st}$ century [3]. Construction projects and related businesses have been global since the 1800's, but it has never seen such rapid transformation in both scope and depth as in the past decade. Construction projects today often bring together international design talents, construction management firms, local and international labor forces, and global suppliers. On a visit to Dubai in the United Arab Emirates on the Persian Gulf, a person will experience the complexity of globalization of modern construction projects- with Arab owners, European engineering and design companies, American construction management teams, Korean general contractors, Jordanian subcontractors, and labor forces from Thailand, Indonesia, Turkey, and Sri Lanka. A count of material suppliers reveals over 60 countries involved, covering all continents. Indeed construction projects are getting more and more complex and competitive, as is the project execution. The trend toward globalization poses both challenges and opportunities to construction and engineering companies competing on a global scale. While global competition may be a threat to many companies, there are, however, many opportunities for synergistic collaborations that can create win-win scenarios for construction business, research, and education. This paper presents some of the opportunities between the U.S. and Asia in business integration, research collaboration on technologies, and educational development, which may mutually benefit countries on either side of the Pacific.