• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제30권5_6호
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• pp.871-882
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• 2012

For a connected graph G of order $n$, an ordered set $S=\{u_1,u_2,{\cdots},u_k\}$ of vertices in G is a linear edge geodetic set of G if for each edge $e=xy$ in G, there exists an index $i$, $1{\leq}i$ < $k$ such that e lie on a $u_i-u_{i+1}$ geodesic in G, and a linear edge geodetic set of minimum cardinality is the linear edge geodetic number $leg(G)$ of G. A graph G is called a linear edge geodetic graph if it has a linear edge geodetic set. The linear edge geodetic numbers of certain standard graphs are obtained. Let $g_l(G)$ and $eg(G)$ denote the linear geodetic number and the edge geodetic number, respectively of a graph G. For positive integers $r$, $d$ and $k{\geq}2$ with $r$ < $d{\leq}2r$, there exists a connected linear edge geodetic graph with rad $G=r$, diam $G=d$, and $g_l(G)=leg(G)=k$. It is shown that for each pair $a$, $b$ of integers with $3{\leq}a{\leq}b$, there is a connected linear edge geodetic graph G with $eg(G)=a$ and $leg(G)=b$.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제39권1_2호
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• pp.155-163
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• 2021

For a connected graph G of order n, a set S of vertices is called a double geodetic set of G if for each pair of vertices x, y in G there exist vertices u, v ∈ S such that x, y ∈ I[u, v]. The double geodetic number dg(G) is the minimum cardinality of a double geodetic set. Any double godetic set of cardinality dg(G) is called a dg-set of G. A connected double geodetic set of G is a double geodetic set S such that the subgraph G[S] induced by S is connected. The minimum cardinality of a connected double geodetic set of G is the connected double geodetic number of G and is denoted by dgc(G). A connected double geodetic set of cardinality dgc(G) is called a dgc-set of G. Connected graphs of order n with connected double geodetic number 2 or n are characterized. For integers n, a and b with 2 ≤ a < b ≤ n, there exists a connected graph G of order n such that dg(G) = a and dgc(G) = b. It is shown that for positive integers r, d and k ≥ 5 with r < d ≤ 2r and k - d - 3 ≥ 0, there exists a connected graph G of radius r, diameter d and connected double geodetic number k.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2003년도 Proceedings of ACRS 2003 ISRS
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• pp.53-56
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• 2003

Aiming at importance of geodetic data standards in process of digitized geodetic production, application and service, this paper discusses the content framework of geodetic technical base standard, information system standard and data service standard. Hierarchy relation and category relation of geodetic data standard system are established in this paper.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2003년도 Proceedings of ACRS 2003 ISRS
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• pp.955-958
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• 2003

Nepal is a country of mountains The higher order geodetic points were mostly established on the top of mountains and these points were used for the geodetic network extension. Lower order geodetic control networks were established at different times and used for the surveying and mapping activities of the country.. It has been found that the rate of convergence between north and south borders of Nepal to be 21${\pm}$2 mm each year and the rate translation of Kathmandu to 55${\pm}$3 mm/year to the plates. The most intense deformation in Nepal occurs along the belt of high mountains along its northern border res ulting in a strain contraction rate normal to the Himalayan Arc. This belt is approximately 40 km wide and extends into southern Tibet.( 13). Recently Survey Department of Nepal has lunched a program of strengthening the existing geodetic network of Nepal and re-observed the position of higher order geodetic points by using geodetic GPS receivers to evaluate their position and thus to define the precision of the control points once again. This paper describes the observation procedure and the adjustment results of the existing higher order control network of Nepal established in different time using different types of equipment and techniques; and highlights the observation procedure and the result obtained after the post processing of the GPS observation results. Attempt has been made to give the procedure and identify the methodology for the re observation of existing higher order geodetic points by using GPS receiver and post processing the observed data so that the existing higher order geodetic points are within the given accuracy standard.

• 한국측량학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.141-148
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• 2007

측량법 개정으로 세계측지계를 전면 사용하게 됨에 따라 기존 한국측지계로 구축된 원주시 UIS DB의 좌표 변환을 수행해야 한다. 그러나 원주시는 한국측지계의 구성과와 신성과로 이원화된 기준점 성과를 이용하여 지형공간정보 자료가 구축되어 있어 좌표체계가 통일되어 있지 않음으로 각 기준점 성과에 대한 세계측지계 변환 방안이 요구된다. 이에 본 연구에서는 한국측지계의 기준점 성과별 좌표변환계수를 산출하고, 변환계수에 대한 정확도를 검증하여 한국측지계상 이원화된 원주시 도시기반정보 DB를 효과적으로 세계측지계로 전환할 수 있었다.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제16권1_2호
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• pp.525-532
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• 2004

For two vertices u and v of an oriented graph D, the set I(u, v) consists of all vertices lying on a u-v geodesic or v-u geodesic in D. If S is a set of vertices of D, then I(S) is the union of all sets 1(u, v) for vertices u and v in S. The geodetic number g(D) is the minimum cardinality among the subsets S of V(D) with I(S) = V(D). In this paper, we give a partial answer for the conjecture by G. Chartrand and P. Zhang and present some results on orient able geodetic number.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2005년도 학술발표회(1)
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• pp.535-537
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• 2005

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2003년도 Proceedings of ACRS 2003 ISRS
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• pp.378-380
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• 2003

One of the most common forms of land use change is urbanization. Fortunately, the temporal revisit capacity of remote sensing satellites and their multispectral imaging capability make it possible to monitor this process. Using two Landsat images taken in 1972 and 1989, and one SPOT image taken in 2000, urban growth in Metro Manila is monitored. The extent of urbanization in Metro Manila increased from about 39 percent in 1972 to about 74 percent in 2000, although a slowing of growth was observed in the last decade due to decreasing areas for development. Most cities and municipalities in Metro Manila exhibited urban growth rates higher than the metropolitan average. The drivers and environmental consequences of urban growth were determined as well as the relationship of the extent of urbanization with some socio-economic and environmental variables.

• 한국측량학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.183-191
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• 2008

기존 2007년에서 2010년으로 유예된 세계측지계 전환과 관련하여 국토지리정보원을 중심으로 다양한 연구결과가 도출되었으며, 기술적 제도적 기반은 어느 정도 갖추어져 있다. 그러나 세계측지계의 실질적 적용을 위한 방안이 제시된바 없어 관련기관의 협조 및 진행 또한 미진하며, 세계측지계 전환에 대한 범부처적인 지원체계가 마련되어 있지 않은 실정이다. 세계측지계의 도입이 범국가적으로 정착되기 위해서는 세계측지계 전환에 따라 발생할 수 있는 문제점들을 사전에 해결할 필요가 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 세계측지계를 체계적으로 적용하기 위한 변환 대상, 주체, 방법 등을 정립하고 이에 대한 정책적 실행방안을 수립하였다. 또한 중앙부처 및 지방자치단체에서 생산 및 유통되고 있는 지리정보의 세계좌표계 변환에 소요되는 비용을 추정하고 예산 확보방안을 제시하였다. 이를 기반으로 국가기준체계 구축기반을 마련할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 세계측지계 도입으로 인한 혼란을 최소화하고 관련 정책 의사결정의 기반으로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.39-52
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• 1995

There are numerous mapping, charting, geodetic systems and electronic digital products defined in various local geodetic datum. It becomes a straight forward requirement to simplify the complexity by referencing all the products to a common reference globally. WGS-84 is well known as a state-of-the-art global reference system based on the use of data, techniques and technology available within American Defence Mapping Agency(DMA). Its parameters can be translated into more accurate maps, charts and geodetic positioning compared to others previously. Since Global Positioning System(GPS/NAVSTAR), which is asssociated with World Geodetic System(WGS-84)in reference frame, has been widely used, the unified geodetic system has been required for GPS users in many fields.