• ALGAE
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.101-109
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• 2014

Small red algae, especially those previously referred to as 'primitive' are often overlooked, but can be quite abundant. These 'primitive' red algae are now placed in several classes distinct from the Florideophyceae, for example the Stylonematophyceae. A brownish-red filamentous alga was collected from a sandy tide pool at Cape Tribulation, Queensland, Australia. Cultured specimens were identified as Bangiopsis and conformed to the morphological characters of the genus (multicellular base, erect filaments branched or unbranched, uniseriate to multiseriate-tubular, single multilobed purple-red to red-brown plastid with central pyrenoid, vegetative cells released directly as spores). Molecular data of two plastid genes (rbcL, psbA) support placement of the Australian isolate and isolates from India in Bangiopsis. The genetic variation between these isolates and isolates from Puerto Rico previously attributed to B. subsimplex indicates that these should be considered as a separate species. As the type locality is in the Atlantic Ocean, French Guiana, and not far from Puerto Rico, and the Puerto Rican isolate has been used often in phylogenetic analyses, we propose that the Indian and Pacific Ocean isolates be designated a new species, B. franklynottii, to acknowledge Ott's many years of research on inconspicuous freshwater and marine red algae. Our research also highlights the lack of careful descriptions in many of the records of this genus and the lack of morphological characters to distinguish species. Especially within the morphologically simple red algae, morphological distinctness does not necessarily reflect evolutionary divergences.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.12.1-12.7
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• 2022

The two complete mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) of Paedocypris progenetica, the smallest fish in the world which belonged to the Cyprinidae family, were sequenced and assembled. The circular DNA molecules of mitogenomes P1-P. progenetica and S3-P. progenetica were 16,827 and 16,616 bp in length, respectively, and encoded 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, two ribosomal RNA genes, and one control region. The gene arrangements of P. progenetica were identical to those of other Paedocypris species. BLAST and phylogenetic analyses revealed variations in the mitogenome sequences of two Paedocypris species from Perak and Selangor. The circular DNA molecule of P. progenetica yield a standard vertebrate gene arrangement and an overall nucleotide composition of A 33.0%, T 27.2%, C 23.5%, and G 15.5%. The overall AT content of this species was consistent with that of other species in other genera. The negative GC-skew and positive AT-skew of the control region in P. progenetica indicated rich genetic variability and AT nucleotide bias, respectively. The results of this study provide genomic variation information and enhance the understanding of the mitogenome of P. progenetica. They could later deliver highly valuable new insight into data for phylogenetic analysis and population genetics.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.348-368
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• 2022

Purpose: Chromosomal instability is a hallmark of gastric cancer (GC). It can be driven by single nucleotide variants (SNVs) in cell cycle genes. We investigated the associations between SNVs in candidate genes, PLK2, PLK3, and ATM, and GC risk and clinicopathological features. Materials and Methods: The genotyping study included 542 patients with GC and healthy controls. Generalized linear models were used for the risk and clinicopathological association analyses. Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method. The binding of candidate miRs was analyzed using a luciferase reporter assay. Results: The PLK2 C_rs15009-C_rs963615 haplotype was under-represented in the GC group compared to that in the control group (P_corr=0.050). Male patients with the PLK2 rs963615 CT genotype had a lower risk of GC, whereas female patients had a higher risk (P=0.023; P=0.026). The PLK2 rs963615 CT genotype was associated with the absence of vascular invasion (P=0.012). The PLK3 rs12404160 AA genotype was associated with a higher risk of GC in the male population (P=0.015). The ATM T_rs228589-A_rs189037-G_rs4585 haplotype was associated with a higher risk of GC (P<0.001). The ATM rs228589, rs189037, and rs4585 genotypes TA+AA, AG+GG, and TG+GG were associated with the absence of perineural invasion (P=0.034). In vitro analysis showed that the cancer-associated miR-23b-5p mimic specifically bound to the PLK2 rs15009 G allele (P=0.0097). Moreover, low miR-23b expression predicted longer 10-year survival (P=0.0066) in patients with GC. Conclusions: PLK2, PLK3, and ATM SNVs could potentially be helpful for the prediction of GC risk and clinicopathological features. PLK2 rs15009 affects the binding of miR-23b-5p. MiR-23b-5p expression status could serve as a prognostic marker for survival in patients with GC.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2022년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.73-73
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• 2022

Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L., Family Asteraceae) is highly ranked in production and economic value and is consumed either fresh or in salad mixes because of its important dietary source of bioactive phytochemicals. The world collection of Lactuca spp. leafy crops, maintained in NAC, includes 2,464 accessions from 71 countries around the world, of which 2,411 belong to L. sativa species, nineteen to L. saligna, and fifteen to L. serriolar. We aimed to investigate the lettuce germplasm with morphological and biochemical analyses and provide new material for breeding. The lettuce crop comprises seven main groups of cultivars (including oilseed lettuce) differing phenotypically. Agricultural characteristcs were investigated including time to bolting, time to flowering, seed color, flower color, leaf attitude, leaf color, leaf anthocyanin coloration, type of incision of margin, depth of incisions of margins, and leaf venation. Screening of the health beneficial metabolites like anthocyanin and bitter sesquiterpene lactones (lactucin and lactucopicrin) was also conducted. The range of anthocyanin and SLs were 0~563.78 mg/100g D.W. and 3.74~3311.66 ug/g D.W., respectively. The investigation of the degree of variation regarding phenotypic traits and biochemical revealed adaptive stable and highly variable use of trait collection.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제50권
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• pp.115-126
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• 2023

A hydroponics experiment was performed to study the physiological and biochemical changes in Moroccan barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) varieties cultivated under salt stress conditions. Four barley varieties were grown under exposure to three salt concentrations, including 0, 200, and 300 mM NaCl. The ANOVA for both salt stress-sensitive and resistant varieties indicated that salt treatment represented the main source of variability in all studied traits. Salt treatment significantly reduced root and shoot dry weight (RDW and SDW), relative water content (RWC), and chlorophyll content (Chl a, Chl b, and Chl T). However, increases in electrolyte leakage (EL) along with proline and total soluble sugar (TSS) contents were recorded. In addition, large variations in all measured traits were found between varieties. The 'Massine' and 'Laanaceur' varieties displayed relatively higher RDW and SDW values. The 'Amira' and 'Adrar' varieties showed lower RWC values and Chl contents than those of the controls indicating their relative sensitivity to salt stress. Principal component analysis revealed that most of the variation was captured by PC1 (72% of the total variance) which grouped samples into three categories according to salt treatment. Correlation analyses highlighted significant associations between most parameters. Positive relationships were found between RDW, SDW, RWC, Chl content, and soluble proteins contents, while all of these parameters were negatively associated with EL intensity, proline content, and TSS content. The results from this study showed that the 'Massine' and 'Laanaceur' varieties were relatively salt-tolerant. These two salt-tolerant varieties present a good genetic background for breeding of barley varieties showing high salt tolerance.

• 한국가축번식학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.359-369
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• 2001

황해와 남해산이 각각 50마리씩 총100마리의 조피볼락 (Sebastes schlegeli)의 DNA를 혈액으로부터 추출하여 30개의 무작위 primer를 사용한 RAPD(random amplified polymorphic DNAs)-PCR (polymerase chain reaction) 방법으로 분석하였다 genomic DNA의 독특한 특징들이 그 어종군의 특징을 알아내기 위해서 사용되었다. 30개의 primer 중에서 7개의 primer로 부터 증폭된 전체 산물 (307) 중에서 약 67.4%인 207개의 다형성의 산물 (polymorphic products)이 나타났고, 1개의 primer당 약 2.7개의 다양성의 산물 (polymorphic bands)이 확인되었다. 황해산의 경우 bandsharing analysis를 통해서 볼 때 0.22로부터 0.63까지의 bandsharing value가 확인되었고, 이러한 수치는 0.39$\pm$0.02의 평균값을 나타내었다. 황해산과 남해산 2개체군의 RAPD-PCR산물의 전기영동적 분석을 통해서 볼 때 황해산 조피볼락의 개체들 사이에서 변이가 약간 높게 나타났지만 매우 유사한 특징을 나타내었다. 그러나 일부 개체에서 적은 수이지만 polymorphic bands가 확인되었다. 더 많은 개체군과 다른 연구방법을 통한 연구가 있어야 되겠지만, 이러한 결과는 RAPD 방법을 통하여 2 지역산 조피볼락의 유전적 차이를 어느 정도 확인할 수 있는 가능성을 제시해 주고 있다.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.45-50
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• 2013

새로운 유전자원을 창출하기 위해 풍산나물콩에 EMS를 처리한 후 돌연변이 집단을 육성하고, 돌연변이 계통 중 지방산 함량에 대한 변이체를 찾아 콩 유전육종 재료를 선발하고자 실시한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. M2 3,744개체중 형태적 변이를 보이는 1,000개체를 선발하여 M4 세대에서 난쟁이형 (3.3%), 엽형변이 (2.6%), 엽록소결핍 (1.5%), 꽃색변이 (1.1%), 엽형변이를 보이는 난쟁이형 (0.2%)의 변이가 관찰되었다. 야생형인 풍산나물콩의 지방산 함량은 palmitic acid 11.6%, stearic acid 3.4%, oleic acid 25.3%, linoleic acid 52.0%, linolenic acid 8.1%를 나타내었다. M4 892 개체의 종자지방산 함량을 분석한 결과 palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid 함량은 각각 7.4~19.7%, 2.2~13.0%, 14.7~49.0%, 31.8~63.9%, 3.9~15.9%의 범위를 나타내었고, 10.8%, 3.8%, 25.3%, 52.0%, 8.1%의 평균을 보였다. 각각의 지방산 별로 선발된 돌연변이 개체들은 다음과 같다. 고 palmitic acid 함량을 나타내는 PE1542 (17.1%), PE3058 (17.0%), 고 stearic acid 함량을 나타내는 PE977 (12.7%)와 저 stearic acid 함량을 나타내는 PE2166 (1.9%), 고 oleic acid 함량을 나타내는 PE450 (44.4%), PE2742 (47.7%), PE3058 (33.4%), 저 linolenic acid 함량을 나타내는 PE594 (4.6%), PE1690 (3.7%)와 고 linolenic acid 함량을 나타내는 PE2166 (12.6%) 등이 선발되었다.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.83-94
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• 2007

During monocarpic senescence in higher plants, functional stay-green delays leaf yellowing, maintaining photosynthetic competence, whereas nonfunctional stay-green retains leaf greenness without sustaining photosynthetic activity. Thus, functional stay-green is considered a beneficial trait that can increase grain yield in cereal crops. A stay-green japonica rice 'SNU-SG1' had a good seed-setting rate and grain yield, indicating the presence of a functional stay-green genotype. SNU-SG1 was crossed with two regular cultivars to determine the inheritance mode and identify major QTLs conferring stay-green in SNU-SG1. For QTL analysis, linkage maps with 100 and 116 DNA marker loci were constructed using selective genotyping with $F_2$ and RIL (recombinant inbred line) populations, respectively. Molecular marker-based QTL analyses with both populations revealed that the functional stay-green phenotype of SNU-SG1 is regulated by several major QTLs accounting for a large portion of the genetic variation. Three main-effect QTLs located on chromosomes 7 and 9 were detected in both populations and a number of epistatic-effect QTLs were also found. The amount of variation explained by several digenic interactions was larger than that explained by main-effect QTLs. Two main-effect QTLs on chromosome 9 can be considered the target loci that most influence the functional stay-green in SNU-SG1. The functional stay-green QTLs may help develop low-input high-yielding rice cultivars by QTL-marker-assisted breeding with SNU-SG1.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제60권4호
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• pp.448-457
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• 2015

다양한 가공제품을 개발하여 쌀 소비를 확대시키기 위하여 가공용도에 적합한 물성을 지닌 벼 품종을 개발하려는 노력이 계속되고 있는데, 특히 중간찰은 현미밥, 떡, 과자, 식혜, 술 등 다양한 가공식품 소재로 이용성이 높다. 국립식량과학원에서는 조생, 다수성 품종인 '남일'에 돌연변이원으로 아지드화나트륨을 처리하여 다수의 배유변이 계통을 확보한바 있다. 본 연구는 중간찰 특성을 발현하는 'Namil(SA)-dull1'의 작물학적 특성을 평가하고 아밀로스 함량을 지배하는 주동유전자위의 염색체상 위치를 규명하고자 수행되었다. 주요 결과는 아래와 같다. 1. 생산력 시험을 통해 'Namil(SA)-dull1'의 주요 작물학적 특성을 평가한 결과, 원품종인 '남일'에 비해 출수는 약 9일정도 늦은 중생종으로 간장과 수당립수가 유의하게 증가하였으나, 수수와 천립중은 다소 감소하여 수량성은 다소 낮게 평가되었다. 2. 'Namil(SA)-dull1'과 통일형인 '밀양23호'와의 교잡에서 유래한 94개 $F_2$ 개체로 구성된 유전분석집단에 대해 53개 SSR 마커의 유전자형을 검정하고, $F_{2:3}$ 종자의 아밀로스 함량을 조사하여 연관성분석(association analysis)를 수행한 결과 목표 유전자위는 염색체 6번 하단으로 추정되었다. 3. 염색체 6번 하단부위의 분자표지 밀도를 높이기 위하여 8개 SSR 마커를 추가로 배치하여 연관성분석을 수행한 결과, 염색체 6번 하단을 표지하는 RM7555의 유전자형변이가 유전분석집단의 아밀로스 함량변이의 81%를 설명한다는 것을 확인하였다. 4. 유전자지도 작성에 사용된 분자표지들이 표지하는 염색체 부위를 벼 전장유전체정보(rice pseudomolecule)에서 확인한 결과, 중간찰 특성을 지배하는 유전자위를 염색체 6번 28.95~29.89 Mbp 영역에 해당하는 약 0.94 Mbp 절편으로 제한할 수 있었으며, 향후 추가분리집단을 이용하여 목표 유전자를 동정하고 다양한 아밀로스 함량을 지니는 벼 신품종 육성의 효율성을 제고할 수 있는 초정밀분자표지를 개발할 계획이다.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.941-946
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• 2015

호접란 신품종 '화수 5205'는 2002년 경북대에서 Phal. Happy Valentin과 Dtps. Happy Rose를 모부본으로 교배하여 육성한 $F_1$개체 중에서 육성하였다. 꽃은 선명하고 진한 적색의 대륜계이다. 2003-2004년 2년에 걸쳐 실생 300개체를 양성하여 이들 중에서 영양생장과 개화특성이 우수한 개체 02-05-205를 선발하였다. 2004년과 2005년에 1차, 2차 특성검정을 통하여 품종의 안정성과 균일성을 확인하고 '화수 5205'로 명명하였다. '화수 5205'는 화색이 선명하고 진한 적색(PN78B)이며, 화형은 안아피기로 안정되어 있다. 꽃의 길이와 폭은 각각 9.2, 12.0cm로 대형이다. 잎의 길이와 폭은 각각 24.3, 8.5cm이며 엽형은 수평이다. 기내증식율이 높고 변이가 거의 없으며 영양생장 우수하여 재배관리가 용이하다. 2009년 12월 1일 품종등록(등록번호 제2915호)하여 종자산업법에 의해 보호받고 있다.