• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.790-797
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate bone density and risk factors related to osteopenia to unmarried young adult women. Methods: The subjects consisted of 125 female college students. SPSS 12.0 program was used for the data analysis with t-test, ${\chi}^2-test$. The BMD of the calcaneus and body mass index (BMI) were measured with peripheral dual energy X-ray absorptionmetry. Other physical characteristics were measured with a scale and questionnaires. Results: The general characteristics of these people showed that the average age was 22.1 years old and that the average BMI was 20.8. The mean of BMD was normal, but 24.8% were osteopenia, 75.2% were normal. In the normal and osteopenia groups, there were significant differences in the status of the BMD according to age, height, weight, BMI, regular exercise, house chores, and the experiences of being on a diet. Conclusion: Women in their twenties had some osteoporosis risk, but they can change their BMD by doing regular exercise and by eating food to peak bone mass. For building peak bone mass, they need take exercise programs and education programs to prevent osteoporosis and follow-up care.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.304-313
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• 1997

This study was designed to identify the degree of perceived self-efficacy and self-esteem in non - insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. The 278 Diabetic patients participating in this study were selected from a diabetic clinic. The period of data collection was September 2 to September 10, 1996. Collected data were analyzed by means of Frequency, Mean, SD, t - test, Pearson correlation, ANOVA using SPSS/PC+. The result are summarized as follows: 1. The mean score of perceived self-efficacy were 3.52 in total, 3.91 for medication, 3.40 for exercise, 3.60 for diet control, 3.18 for glucose test, 3.53 for general management. And the mean score of self-esteem were 3.51 2. Perceived self-efficacy and self-esteem had statistically significant positive correlations (r=.3125, p=.001). 3. The results of testing for the degree of perceived self -efficacy, according to the subject's demographic variables, showed that there were significant differences in sex (t=4.14, p<0.001), the level of education(t=6.24, p<0.01) and diabetic education(t=3.25, p<0.05). These results suggest that perceived self-efficacy and self-esteem is an important variable in the compliance of diabetic patients.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.293-302
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was to survey yangsaeng in Korean elders. Methods: A total of 250 subjects aged between 60 and 88 were selected through convenient sampling. Data were collected with a self-reported questionnaire from April 1 to 30, 2009. Collected data were analyzed with SPSS/WIN 15.0. Results: Differences in yangsaeng according to general characteristics were as follows. Total yangsaeng and all of yangsaeng categories except seasonal yangsaeng were significantly different according to self-perceived health. Diet yangsaeng was significantly different according to cohabitation, house ownership and self-perceived health. Activity and rest yangsaeng was significantly different according to age, gender, job, successful aging and self-perceived health. Exercise yangsaeng was significantly different according to gender and self-perceived health. Seasonal yangsaeng was significantly different according to successful aging and self-perceived health. Sleep yangsaeng was significantly different according to age, gender, job and self-perceived health. Sex life yangsaeng was significantly different according to all of the variables except religion and successful aging. There was a positive correlation between yangsaeng and the variables. Conclusion: The findings of this study may be useful in understanding the health status of community-dwelling elders and developing more specific health promotion programs.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.442-446
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• 2002

Differences in dietary habits between Korean smokers and non-smokers were investigated using information obtained from 7,370 adults, aged 20 years and older who participated in the 1998 Korean National Health and Nutrition Sulvey. Dietary habit data including: skipping of meals, meal regularity, meal volume, snacking habits, removing fatty portions before eating foods, and dietary supplement intake were collected using a structured questionnaire by interview. Individual smoking data was also collected by interview as part of the health behavior survey. A Chi-square test was used to test the association between the dietary habits and smoking. 66.9% of the men were smokers (daily current or occasional current), while only 6.7% of women smoked. On average, 34.7% of the subjects were smokers. Smokers were more likely than nonsmokers to engage in the following dietary habits considered unhealthy: skipping breakfast, meal irregularity, large dinners, small breakfasts, frequently eating out, and eating food without removing the fatty portion. Therefore, Korean smokers should be provided education to assist them in making healthy dietary choices such as: eating regular meals, small dinners, and removing fatty Portion of foods. The survey also revealed that a substantial percentage (about 20%) of the subjects were taking some kind of dietary supplement, regardless of smoking status. It is, therefore, alto necessary to inform the general public that a balanced diet is the ideal way to obtain nutrients for optimal health.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.22 no.4 s.94
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• pp.447-457
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• 2006

In this study, a survey was conducted to analyze the preference and conditions of consumption. A survey of 299 housewives from Seoul and the metropolitan area analyzedthe preference and the conditions of consumption, the general backgrounds and the actual state of diet and health management. According to the survey on the preference of Codonopsis lanceolata, 52.8% answered a traditional market place as the place they most commonly purchased Codonopsis lanceolata. When purchasing Codonopsis lanceolata, 49.2% purchased unwashed. For the frequency of intake, 38.5% of the housewives surveyed answered 1-2 times per year and 38.5% perceived Codonopsis lanceolata a very healthy food. Among the subjects, 46.2% answered their spouse as the person who most likes Codonopsis lanceolata in the family. Regarding the question of why they preferred Codonopsis lanceolata, 39% answered because it was healthy., compared to 36.0% who answered high cost as the reason why they did not prefer Codonopsis lanceolata. Codonopsis lanceolata preference showed a notable difference according to age, average income, interest in health, and intake frequency (p<0.01).

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.22 no.3 s.93
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• pp.402-417
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• 2006

Research interest on functional food and phytochemicals has mainly focused on their health effects, mechanism of action and structure-activity relationship for the development of nutraceuticals. Considering the intake of phytochemicals via the normal diet, further information is required on changes in food functionality or individual phytochemicals that occur during the cooking or processing of foods, in order to increase the intake of these bioactive compounds, because many of the unit-operating procedures involved in cooking or food processing may result in physicochemical changes of food constituents. This study reviews the changes of selected phytochemicals, i.e. flavonoids, organosulfur compounds and carotenoids, or food functionality by major cooking or processing procedures such as heating, fermentation, and pH changes. In general, heating has a negative effect on food functionality, although in some cases, mild heating increases bioactive phytochemical contents. Some phytochemicals, including anthocyanins and catechins, are stabilized in lower pH conditions. The structures of phytochemicals, including isoflavones and catechins, are changed by fermentation. The loss of bioactive compounds may be decreased by recently developed cooking or processing methods such as microwave cooking or use of high hydrostatic pressure. However, the effects of cooking and processing procedures on food functionality and phytochemicals are so diverse and dependent on test conditions that further research efforts are needed to form accurate conclusions on the effects of cooking and processing of foods.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.22 no.2 s.92
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• pp.181-192
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• 2006

A survey was conducted to analyze the conditions of Codonopsis Lanceolata and Codonopsis Lanceolata dishes. The subject, 299 housewives from Seoul and the metropolitan area were surveyed on their general background and actual state of diet and health management. They were also asked 10 questions on the perception of Codonopsis Lanceolata, 8 on the foods using Codonopsis Lanceolata, and also the need for development of processed foods using Codonopsis Lanceolata, and their intention. This is the abstract so it is obvious that the following are yow result. The need for development of processed foods using Codonopsis Lanceolata showed $3.32{\pm}0.61$ and the subjects answered side dish ($3.60{\pm}0.65$) beverage ($3.26{\pm}1.09$), one dish foods ($3.19{\pm}0.71$), health foods ($3.14{\pm}0.9$) and dessert ($2.99{\pm}0.81$) as the order for the foods they wished to be developed. It can be concluded that cooking and processing methods reflecting the preference of housewives need to be developed.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.543-560
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• 2000

The present paper gives a general overview on amino acid nutrition mainly focused on the concept of ideal protein and amino acid requirements in swine and poultry. Also, the nutritional, economic and environmental roles of synthetic amino acids are presented. A special emphasis has been given to the protein sparing effect by the supplementation of synthetic amino acids into diet and to the effect of this supplementation on growth performance and reduction of environmental pollutants in swine and poultry manure. It is concluded that the supplementation of limited amounts of synthetic amino acids (0.1 to 0.3%) to diets for swine and poultry could spare 2 to 3 percentage units of dietary protein and substantially reduce nutrient excretion, especially nitrogen. Immunocompetency as affected by amino acid nutrition is also introduced and the importance of threonine for the synthesis of immunoproteins in colostrum and milk to maintain piglets' health and intestinal integrity has been emphasized. Finally, some speculation on the future of global amino acids market is presented in conclusion.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.113-124
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• 2013

Purpose: Purposes of this study were to develop a reliable and valid checklist to assess and manage post-stroke dysphagia and to identify its utilization. Methods: The first step was to develop checklist through systematic literatures reviews, to test the content validity from 11 clinical experts, and to test the construct validity and the internal consistency from 97 patients with post-stroke dysphagia. The second step was to identify clinical use of the checklist from the same 97 patients. Results: A total of 18 items compromised the assessment checklist and 64 items for intervention checklist. Internal consistencies of assessment checklist and intervention checklist were .84 and .98, respectively. In both checklists, level of utilization of general appearance was the highest, while that of early signs of aspiration was the lowest. The utilization levels of two checklists were significantly higher among patients who were less than 60 years old, and had liquid diet, facial paralysis, and previous history of aspiration pneumonia. Conclusion: We found that the checklists were reliable and valid. Further study is needed to develop specific strategies to improve nurses' use of assessment and intervention checklists for post-stroke dysphagia.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.55-68
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to develop and evaluate a joint health self-management program for knee osteoarthritis elders in communities. Methods: This program was developed based on the IMB (information-motivationbehavioral skills) model. The program methods include education, setting and achieving goals, sharing experiences, telephone counseling, and self-monitoring. The topics of the program include joint assessment, exercise, massage, joint protection, medication, depression management, diet, and healthcare approach. The research was conducted following the principles of the nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. Participants were 26 subjects in the experimental group, and 27 subjects in the control group. The experimental group participated in the self-management program, and the control group received general education. Results: Both post-test scores of personal motivation, social motivation, behavior skill, self-management behavior, joint pain, joint stiffness, physical function disability, right knee extension, left knee extension, and depression were significantly different between the experimental group and the control group. Conclusion: The results of the study can be used to develop and standardize a systematic joint health self-management program. Further research is highly recommended to develop a strategy to continuously facilitate self-management of osteoarthritis patients' procedures.