• 한국동물번식학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국동물번식학회 2001년도 발생공학 국제심포지움 및 학술대회 발표자료집
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• pp.14-17
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• 2001

Positional cloning (map-based cloning) of mutations or genetic variations has been served as an invaluable tool to understand in-vivo functions of genes and to identify molecular components underlying phenotypes of interest. Mice homozygous for the cerebellar deficient folia (cdf) mutation are ataxic, with cerebellar hypoplasia and abnormal lobulation of the cerebellum. In the cdf mutant cerebellum approximately 40% of Purkinje cells are ectopically located within the white matter and the inner granule cell layer (IGL). To identify the cdf gene, a high-resolution genetic map for the cdf-gene-encompassing region was constructed using 1997 F2 mice generated from C3H/HeSnJ-cdf/cdf and CAST/Ei intercross. The cdf gene showed complete linkage disequilibrium with three tightly linked markers D6Mit208, D6Mit359, and D6Mit225. A contig using YAC, BAC, and P1 clones was constructed for the cdf critical region to identify the gene. A deletion in the cdf critical region on chromosome 6 that removes approximately 150kb of DNA was identified. A gene associated with this deletion was identified using cDNA selection. cdf mutant mice with the transgenic copy of the identified gene restored the brain abnormalities of the mutant mice. The positional cloning of cdf gene provides a good example showing the identification of a gene could lead to finding a new component of important molecular pathways.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제49권5호
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• pp.546-557
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• 2000

연구배경 : 결핵발병률과 다제내성 결핵균주의 증가로 효과적인 치료 및 관리를 위해 보다 신속하고 정확한 약제내성의 진단이 필요한 실정이다. 이에 다제내성 중요한 표지자인 rifampin 내성의 주요 기전인 rpoB 유전자 돌연변이 검출을 위해 기존의 직접 염기 서열분석과 최근 유전자 발현, 유전자 변이 및 다형성, 그리고 염기서열분석 등의 연구에 중요한 기술로 이용되어지는 oligonucleotide chip 기술을 이용하기 위한 간편하고 정확한 돌연변이 검출법을 개발하고자 시행하였다. 방법 : 본 연구에는 rifampin 내성 결핵 균주 28예와 10예의 감수성 균주 총 38예의 rifampin 내성 결해 균주를 선택하였고, wild type probe 6종류와 돌연변이 출현빈도가 높은 12종류의 probe를 제작하여 총 18 종류의 oligonucleotide probe를 고형지지체에 부착 시킨 저밀도 oligonucleotide chip을 제작하였으며 oligonucleotide chip을 이용한 rpoB 돌연변이 검출과 결과를 직접염기서열 분석 결과와 비교하였다. 결과 : Oligonucleotide chip 분석 결과 rifampin 감수성 균주에서 모두 각 codon의 wild type probe와 반응이 나타났으며, 내성 균주에서는 돌연변이가 나타난 codon을 제외한 codon 의 경우는 wild type probe와 반응이 일어났으며, 각 균주 별 돌연변이가 나타난 codon은 정확하게 그에 해당하는 돌연변이 probe와 반응함을 확인할 수 있었다. 이러한 결과는 직접 염기 서열 분석 결과와 서로 일치함을 알 수 있었다. 또한 oligonucleotide chip 분석 결과와 염기서열 분석 결과에서 rpoB 유전자의 codon 531과 526에서 대부분 돌연변이가 검출되어 rpoB 유전자의 돌연변이 중 큰 비중을 차지함을 또한 알 수 있었다. 결론 : 결핵균의 rifampin 내성 획득에 중요한 기전인 rpoB 유전자의 돌연변이를 저밀도의 oligonucleotide chip을 이용하여 검출할 수 있었으며 향후 지속적인 개선에 의하여 항생제 내성 진단의 자동화를 위한 유용한 수단이 될 것으로 기대된다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제46권5호
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• pp.270-275
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• 2013

It is essential to analyze rare mutations in many fields of biomedical research. However, the detection of rare mutations is usually failed due to the interference of predominant wild-type DNA surrounded. Herein we describe a sensitive and facile method of detecting rare point mutation on the basis of allele-specific amplification in emulsion PCR. The identification and selective amplification of rare mutation are accomplished in one-pot reaction. The allele-specific primers coupled on magnetic beads allow the exclusive amplification and enrichment of the mutant amplicons. The productive beads bearing mutant amplicons are subsequently stained with the fluorescent dyes. Thus, the rare point mutations with a percentage as low as 0.1%, can be detected by fluorescent analysis. The relative percentages of mutation among different samples can be roughly accessed by counting the fraction of fluorescent positive beads through flow cytometry.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제59권3호
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• pp.187-191
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• 2016

Craniosynostosis is defined as the premature fusion of one or more of the cranial sutures. It leads not only to secondary distortion of skull shape but to various complications including neurologic, ophthalmic and respiratory dysfunction. Craniosynostosis is very heterogeneous in terms of its causes, presentation, and management. Both environmental factors and genetic factors are associated with development of craniosynostosis. Nonsyndromic craniosynostosis accounts for more than 70% of all cases. Syndromic craniosynostosis with a certain genetic cause is more likely to involve multiple sutures or bilateral coronal sutures. FGFR2, FGFR3, FGFR1, TWIST1 and EFNB1 genes are major causative genes of genetic syndromes associated with craniosynostosis. Although most of syndromic craniosynostosis show autosomal dominant inheritance, approximately half of patients are de novo cases. Apert syndrome, Pfeiffer syndrome, Crouzon syndrome, and Antley-Bixler syndrome are related to mutations in FGFR family (especially in FGFR2), and mutations in FGFRs can be overlapped between different syndromes. Saethre-Chotzen syndrome, Muenke syndrome, and craniofrontonasal syndrome are representative disorders showing isolated coronal suture involvement. Compared to the other types of craniosynostosis, single gene mutations can be more frequently detected, in one-third of coronal synostosis patients. Molecular diagnosis can be helpful to provide adequate genetic counseling and guidance for patients with syndromic craniosynostosis.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권8호
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• pp.4183-4186
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• 2012

Background: Ovarian cancer is the number one killer among all the gynecological cancers. We undertook association study to identify potential alterations in the genomic DNA of a DNA repair gene, DNA polymerase beta ($pol{\beta}$), involved in base excision repair (BER), in ovarian carcinomas of patients from Haldia, India. Mutations, splice variants have been reported earlier in different tumors other than ovarian tumors. Aim: In this study we explored the possibility of association of any mutation of $pol{\beta}$ (Exon 8) with prognosis in 152 ovarian cancer samples. Results: Alteration in the exon 8 region (Exon 8:468, $A{\rightarrow}C$; 15.1%) was noted among fifty seven polymorphism positive samples. Alteration in the intervening sequence 8 (IVS8, -25, $A{\rightarrow}C$; 3.9%) was also noted. All alterations are heterozygous in nature. Conclusions: We found no significant association among the samples from serous type, stage IV, and the $pol{\beta}$ mutations ($P{\leq}0.01$). Only a slight tendency of association was evident between IVS8, -25, A to C; and stage III. Further analysis with a larger number of samples is needed.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권10호
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• pp.4147-4156
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• 2015

Lung cancer is a serious health problem and leading cause of death worldwide due to its high incidence and mortality. More than 80% of lung cancers feature a non-small cell histology. Over few decades, systemic chemotherapy and surgery are the only treatment options in this type of tumor but due to their limited efficacy and overall poor survival of patients, there is an urge to develop newer therapeutic strategies which circumvent the problems. Enhanced knowledge of translational science and molecular biology have revealed that lung tumors carry diverse driver gene mutations and adopt different intracellular pathways leading to carcinogenesis. Hence, the development of targeted agents against molecular subgroups harboring critical mutations is an attractive approach for therapeutic treatment. Targeted therapies are clearly more preferred nowadays over systemic therapies because they target tumor specific molecules resulting with enhanced activity and reduced toxicity to normal tissues. Thus, this review encompasses comprehensive updates on targeted therapies for the driver mutations in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and the potential challenges of acquired drug resistance faced i n the field of targeted therapy along with the imminent newer treatment modalities against lung cancer.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.293-296
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• 1999

Different Y mutation in Yq11 occurring de novo in sterile males were first described 19 years ago. Since the phenotype of the patients was always associated with azoospermia or severe oligospermia, it was postulated that these mutations interrupt a Y spermatogenesis locus in the euchromatic Y region (Yq11) called azoospermia factor (AZF). Recently, it became possible to map AZF mutations to different subregions in Yq11by molecular deletion mapping. This indicated that azoospermia is possibly caused by more than one Y gene in Yq11 and the Yq11 chromatin structure. The frequency of AZF mutations in idiopathic sterile males $(5{\sim}20%)$ may indicate a need for a general screening programme for its analysis in infertility clinic. We have experienced a case of deletion distal to Yq11 region in azoospermic patient. So we report this case with a brief review of literatures.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.102-108
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• 2001

DNA damage response has a central role in the maintenance of genomic integrity while mutations in related genes may result in a range of disorders including neoplasic formations. The uvsZl characterized in this report is a navel uvs mutation in Aspergillus nidulans, resulting in a nucleotide excision repair (NER) phenotype: UV-sensitivity before DNA synthesis (quiescent cells), high UV-induced mutation frequency and probable absence of involvement with mitotic and meiotic recombinations. The mutation is recessive and nan-allelic to the previously characterized uvsA101 mutation, also located on the paba-y interval on chromosome I. uvsZl skewed wild-type sensitivity to MMS, which suggests non-involvement of this mutation with BER. Epitasis tests showed that the uvsZ gene product is probably involved in the same repair pathways as UVSB or UVSH proteins. Although mutations in these proteins result in an NER phenotype, UVSB is related with cell cycle control and UVSH is associated with the post-replicational repair pathway. The epistatic interaction among uvsZl and uvsB413 and uvsH77 mutations indicates that different repair systems may be related with the common steps of DNA damage response in Aspergillus nidulans.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제86권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2023

Lung cancer ranks first in cancer mortality in Korea and cancer incidence in Korean men. More than half of Korean lung cancer patients undergo chemotherapy, including adjuvant therapy. Cytotoxic agents, targeted therapy, and immune checkpoint inhibitors are used in chemotherapy according to the biopsy and genetic test results. Among chemotherapy, the one that has developed rapidly is targeted therapy. The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines have been updated recently for targeted therapy of multiple gene mutations, and targeted therapy is used not only for chemotherapy but also for adjuvant therapy. While previously targeted therapies have been developed for common genetic mutations, recently targeted therapies have been developed to overcome uncommon mutations or drug resistance that have occurred since previous targeted therapy. Therefore, this study describes recent, rapidly developing targeted therapies.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.131-135
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• 2008

전형적 갈락토오스혈증(classical galactosemia)은 상염색체 열성으로 유전되는 galactose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase(GALT) 효소의 결핍에 의한 갈락토오스 대사 장애 질환이며 galactose-1-phosphate가 축적되어 간, 뇌, 신경에 심각한 영향을 끼친다. 본 증례는 GALT 효소 결핍 신생아에서, 출생 후 락토오스가 함유된 일반 수유를 시작하면서 심한 황달, 구토, 심한 출혈경향 및 간 부전 등이 발생하였다. 신생아 선별검사에서 갈락토오스의 증가로 재검을 의뢰하였고, 그 사이에 일반수유로 인해 임상증상이 악화 되어 생후 11일째 본원으로 전원되었다. 효소분석검사와 유전자검사로 확진 전에 임상적으로 갈락토오스혈증이 의심이 되어 소이 분유로 수유를 시작하였고, 이후 심한 황달과 출혈경향의 호전, 간기능 호전, 체중 증가와 전신상태가 회복되어 11일간의 입원 이후 퇴원하였다. 갈락토오스혈증의 임상 증상에 대한 올바른 이해를 통해 조기 진단하여 식이요법 등의 치료로 사망률을 줄이고, 유전자검사로 갈락토오스혈증을 확진하여 유전상담 및 산전진단에 유용하게 이용할 수 있는데, 본 증례에서는 효소분석 결과 GALT 효소 결핍증과 유전자검사에서 아직까지 보고된 적이 없는 GALT 유전자의 이형 돌연변이를 경험 하였기에 이를 보고하는 바이다.