• Korean Security Journal
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• no.48
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• pp.207-233
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• 2016

The purpose of current study is to investigate university students' attitudes toward prostitutes and factors affecting their attitudes. Based on previous research, age, grade, major, gender, religion, religious faith, watching pornography, prostitution experience, empathy level, anti-prostitution/anti-rape /human right education and gender equality level were constructed as independent variables. Using self-administered survey method, 502 students participated in survey. Research results indicated that average of respondents' attitudes toward prostitutes 4.19 was higher than median value(3). Results of multiple regression revealed that a male student, a social welfare and theology major student, a respondent with lower social-economic status, a respondent with higher level of empathy, and gender equality is more likely to demonstrate more supportive and positive attitude toward prostitute. Based on research results, developing programs aimed at enhancing empathy and gender equality, and implementing character education and prostitution/sexual violence prevention program were provided as policy implications.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.137-153
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• 2019

This study reviewed the Technology & Home Economics Education textbooks to examine if their illustrations would be appropriate for students' balanced view of gender. To this end, the textbooks of 'Technology & Home Economics Education 1 and 2' from 12 publishers (24 books in total) were analyzed focusing on the formative and content characteristics of illustrations in the textbooks. The results of this study is as follows. There were areas in the textbooks that may not be considered gender-equal. Although the textbooks have been improved to some extent from the previous versions, they still show gender stereotypes biased towards men. If students are constantly exposed to the prescriptive characteristics that are in favor of certain gender, they would find it difficult to develop their personality strengths, due to the gender role pressures. In order to help students cultivate sensitivity and activism toward the gender equality issues, it is important that the textbooks are gender-equal. To summarize, in order to suggest to students a balanced image of society with male and female cooperating with each other in diverse domains, it is deemed necessary to constantly examine and revise the textbooks for their gender stereotypic contents, and thereby, improve them for gender equality.

• Women's Studies Review
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.139-173
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• 2012

This paper examines the delayed situations for gender equality in South Korean, Japanese, and Taiwanese families despite the challenge to the gender division of labor in modern society, and to analyze the contradiction between the notions of gender equality and the experiences women face in East Asia countries. Using EASS data, we analyze the effective difference over the division of household labor according to women's age and length of school time, attitude for gender division of labor, couple's labor time, and family network. In South Korea and Taiwan, men's actual ratio of household division is higher than Japanese men's. On the other hand, Japanese women's ratio of household division is the highest in spite of their progressive attitude for gender equality. It is due to the difference of women's working time among the countries. In South Korea and Taiwan, women tend to work in full time job, so that they seem to inevitably reduce the time for household labor. The family characteristics have an effect on the women's ratio of household division in Taiwan, and the feature of women's employment does in South Korea. The high percentage of three-generation household contributes to the reduction of housework burden in Taiwan. In South Korea, the higher women's education levels, the higher the women's ratio of household division. Women's weakened bargaining power for household labor is due to the relatively low level of high-educated women's economic participation in South Korea. This paper reveals the effective factors on the gender division of household labor. We propose the necessity of the macro-level analysis as well as the analysis of the personal and conjugal feature.

• Asian Journal of Business Environment
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.17-21
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• 2020

Purpose: This paper explores diverse issues related to the problem of women's unpaid domestic care work, and as a factor of gender inequality in their professional practice. Research Design: This article concentrated only on the analysis of secondary data available on the topic along with observation of facts in Kazakhstan based on diverse sources. In current conditions, the problem of women's unpaid domestic care work, and consequently, the lack of enough time and energy for professional employment. Distinguish domestic work vs. job/career/occupation, self-fulfillment, education, and leisure has a significant impact on women's life satisfaction. Data, and Methodology: This article focuses only on secondary data available in different sources from which the researchers procures comprehensive data and information. Results and conclusion: A family policy that aims to promote combining maternity, and domestic work with paid employment is an effective way to increase the proportion of working mothers/women. It is crucial to not only proportionally distribute the household responsibilities in the family but also to form an effective mechanism of state support for women through the development of the social services sector, as well as the adoption of a system-wide approach to gender equality.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.342-351
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• 2010

The gender equality consciousness of public service workers is important since it is not only existed as attitudes and behaviors but also utilized as a policy tool. Therefore, it should be developed to improve practical abilities which enable them to analyze and integrate their own works based on gender perspective. This study examined the experiences and attitudes toward gender egalitarianism education, based on a survey of public service workers in Daejeon city(699 men and 457 women). The results can be used for desirable changes of gender egalitarianism education. We can see that the will of men to participate in the gender egalitarianism education is lower compared to it of women. To expand gender egalitarianism education, the motivation and legislation for participating in education, and the development of various education programs according to gender, age and positions are needed.

• 열린충남
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• s.36
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• pp.176-187
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• 2006

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.10
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• pp.119-132
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• 2021

This study focused on examining the impact of the social context that causes gender differences in entrepreneurship, not the phenomenon itself. Specifically, this study verified the moderating effect of the social context on the relationship between gender and entrepreneurship using data from 20 countries in the Global Entrepreneurship Trend Report (GETR). In order to test hypotheses involving social context implications, Hofstede's cultural dimension factors such as power distance, individualism, masculinity, and uncertainty avoidance variables, and institutional factors such as gender equality and social security are used as specific variables reflecting the social context. Empirical analysis through GLM found that gender did not independently influence entrepreneurship, and gender had a significant effect by interacting with power distance, individualism, uncertainty avoidance, gender equality, and social security variables, respectively. Such empirical results show that the gender difference in entrepreneurship is not due to the unique characteristics inherent in each gender but on the level of the country's social context to which the individual belongs.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.31
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• pp.7-33
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• 2013

The ultimate goal of women's studies and feminist critics is to improve the understanding on women and recognize women's values. When we examine the Korean women's history on the viewpoint of gender, we can find that the gender role is not fixed. We do not have any proofs that there are any kinds of gaps between women and men in ability and temperament. All of women's identity and subjectivity in status and activities was not insignificant. Especially women's subjectivity in high social standing was superior. The women's activities in economic area were energetically. The productive activities were lively, too. The patrilineal decent is usual in Chana though China is in the same Confucianism cultural area. But patrilineal and matrilineal decent were popular used until the early days in Chosun Dynasty. Only sons can be inherited father's estate in China but it's not in our country. Also the patriarch had the economic power in family in China but the housewives had the power in ours. The feminism has been making efforts for the equality of sexes and the dismantling of the patriarchal sex role for a long time. Every feminist activities included feminist theory and cultural criticism has the goal to increase women's liberty and equality and change the world. This study to understand the historical substance of Korean women is on the way, too.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.502-510
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• 2021

This study examines gender inequality in the Utopian literature through Bellamy's novelLooking Backward: 2000-1887. Boston, USA, in 2000 is an equal society in which production and distribution are performed efficiently, and everyone can work with an equal opportunity without discrimination. But a closer look at the social structure shows that housework and parenting are predominantly women's duties, and the jobs that women and men can have are differentiating. Therefore, it is hard to say that true gender equality has been achieved. In addition, we could see that there were still remnants of gender inequality, such as showing the notion of beauty judged by male standards. However, Bellamy's Looking Backward: 2000-1887 is meaningful in that it improved women's status and suggested the direction and hope of social development in the 19th century. This study further examined whether these gender inequality factors have disappeared in modern society and confirmed that there remain many gender inequality factors. Therefore, we should all work together to improve the perception of members of society and make changes in social policies so that there is no discrimination between women and men so that we can truly become a gender-equal society.

• 한국체육학회지인문사회과학편
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• v.55 no.5
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• pp.447-457
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to check awareness of 'the phenomenon of women's alienation in Yon-Ko-Jeon' to women students, and improve the gender equality for Yon-Ko-Jeon through IPA(Importance Performance Analysis). For this study, 322 women undergraduates at Yonsei University and Korea University, from sophomore to senior students, are selected and asked to be surveyed. At first, a majority of women students from two universities didn't recognize the lack of women sports and athletes in Yon-Ko-Jeon. Moreover, they didn't think about women's alienation in Yon-Ko-Jeon as well as improvement for the issue seriously. It shows the life style of gender in the sport. Second, as a result of IPA, improvement plan of Yon-Ko-Jeon on gender equality shows it needs to reflect member's opinion and introduce women sports clubs first. Recently, the improvement for the Yon-Ko-Joen is the top priority because the event doesn't reflect member's opinion. Furthermore, it shows that Yon-Ko-Jeon needs to introduce the competition of women's club sports. These are what the event has to improve.