• Title/Summary/Keyword: gender comparison

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Gender Differences in Stress Levels and Coping Strategies in South Korea While Using Mobile Phones

  • Jun, Sangmin;Yeo, Jungsung
    • International Journal of Human Ecology
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    • v.14 no.1
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    • pp.1-12
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    • 2013
  • This article examines gender differences in stress levels and coping strategies while using mobile phones. We constructed an e-mail survey to collect data from 1,000 adults in South Korea, and used latent means comparison and multi-group structural regression in structural equation modeling. It was determined that as compared to men, women were more vulnerable to stress. Regarding coping, women used all three coping strategies more equally than men, including active coping, expressive support seeking, and avoidance, whereas men mainly chose active coping; however, there were no significant gender differences in coping outcomes, and both women and men coped effectively by choosing their own personal strategies. We suggested how to reduce stress levels for women through enhancing their self-efficacy, as self-efficacy was shown to reduce stress levels specifically for women. Additionally, based on our findings, we proposed how both men and women could cope more effectively.

A Study on the Formant Comparison of Korean Monophthongs according to Age and Gender -A Survey on Patients in Oriental Hospitals- (연령 및 성별에 따른 한국인 단모음 포먼트 비교에 관한 연구 -한방병원 내원환자를 중심으로-)

  • Kim, Young-Su;Kim, Keun Ho;Kim, Jong Yeol;Jang, Jun-Su
    • Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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    • v.5 no.1
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    • pp.73-80
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    • 2013
  • Formant is one of the essential vocal features for research of voice production, recognition and synthesis. Numerous studies were established on foreign languages including English vowels. However, studies related to Korean were done with a limited number of voice data. In this study, we compare four formants according to age and gender using a large number of Korean monophthongs. A total of 2614 Korean speakers participated in our experiments. We summarize statistical results by mean and standard deviation for each formant of five monophthongs. The results show a notable difference in each age and gender group. A quantitative study based on a large dataset is suggested for future studies on Korean speech sounds.

An Empirical Study of Intention of Usage of Health Information on the Internet: Comparison by Gender (인터넷에서 건강정보 이용의도에 대한 실증 연구: 성별에 따른 비교)

  • Lim, Se-Hun;Lee, Sung-Ho;Kim, Dae-Kil
    • Journal of Information Technology Services
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    • v.10 no.3
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    • pp.77-94
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    • 2011
  • Since the general quality of life has been improving, people have become interested in "well-being." The widespread acceptance of the importance of "well-being" to quality of life has encouraged people to take more interest in getting health information online when they need it. Expansive use of online health information suggests that individual characteristics (i.e., gender and other traits), Website features, and perceived trust are related to the primary concern for many online health information consumers. This study examines whether familiarity, perceived security, and reputation of health information on various Websites influence the relationship of trust and intention to use by gender. These research results will contribute to the adoption of online health information by gender and, moreover, will provide companies with an understanding of key characteristics of consumers who use emoticons and provide useful implications for marketing strategies to current and future consumers.

Gender Specific Comparison of the Influencing Factors on Health Status among Service Workers (서비스업 근로자의 건강수준에 영향을 미치는 요인 성별 비교)

  • Kim, Souk Young;Kim, Hee-Jeong;Kim, Jeong-Hee
    • Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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    • v.17 no.2
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    • pp.191-201
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    • 2008
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study were to investigate the health status and to identify the influencing factors on health status by gender among service workers. Method: Data were collected from the self-reported survey of 781 service workers in sales, food & lodging industry. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression analysis using SPSS Win 10.0. Result: The influencing factors of male workers' health status were job satisfaction, standing hour during work time, physical work environment, job demand and family support. The influencing factors of female workers' health status were job satisfaction, emotional labor, physical work environment, regular exercise, standing hour during work time, social support and age. Conclusion: Gender specific occupational Health program for service workers should be developed in consideration of these influencing factors.

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The Blood Cadmium and Lead Levels in Students

  • Lee, Mi-Hwa
    • Biomedical Science Letters
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    • v.12 no.4
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    • pp.371-374
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    • 2006
  • This study was carried out to investigate the relationship of the cadmium and lead levels in blood by age, gender and smoking status among 181 students in Gyeongnam province from June 2005 to July 2006. The cadmium and lead levels in blood was analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Subjects were classified for the investigation according to smoking status as smokers and nonsmokers, age and gender. Mean blood cadmium level in male and female was $1.65{\mu}g/dl,\;1.10{\mu}g/dl$ respectively. Male was significantly higher than that of female. Blood cadmium levels in heavy smokers ($11{\sim}20\;ea/day$) and light smokers ($1{\sim}10\;ea/day$) were $2.34{\mu}g/dl,\;1.10{\mu}g/dl$ respectively. Heavy smokers were significantly higher than those of light smokers. In the comparison of age, gender and smoking status in blood Lead levels were no significant differences. In conclusion, heavy smoking was the most significant risk factor to increase blood cadmium levels. The further study will need analysis of the other factors related to the elevation of the cadmium and lead levels.

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Family Attitudes and Gender Role Divisions of Married Women in Contemporary Vietnam and Korea

  • Chin, Mee-Jung
    • International Journal of Human Ecology
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    • v.12 no.2
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    • pp.65-75
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    • 2011
  • This study attempts to examine family attitudes and gender role divisions of married women in contemporary Vietnam and Korea. Drawing data from the 2003 Vietnam Family Study and the 2005 Korean Marriage and Fertility Study, this study investigated 1) attitudes of married women toward marriage, cohabitation, divorce, and having children, 2) decision making on household expenditures, and 3) household work division between husband and wife. The results showed that married Korean women were less inclined toward traditional family attitudes regarding marriage and children than married Vietnamese women. Decision on routine household expenditures was made and household work was done mostly by the wife in the two countries. In comparison, married Vietnamese men took more responsibilities for important financial decisions and child education than married Korean men. These overall findings imply that patriarchical family and gender role norms were preserved to larger extent in contemporary Vietnam than in Korea.

Comparison of High School Math Teachers' Preferences for 'Good Mathematics Teaching' (좋은 수학 수업에 대한 고등학교 수학 교사의 선호도 비교)

  • Yoo, Ki Jong;Kim, Chang Il;Choi-Koh, Sang Sook
    • The Mathematical Education
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    • v.55 no.1
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    • pp.129-145
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    • 2016
  • The purpose of this study was to research and compare teachers' preferences for 'Great Math Class' by region and gender. The research was conducted on 261 high school math teachers by using non-probability sampling. As the results of the study, regional preference had no statistically significant difference in all four factors of 'Great Math Class' while gender preference had statistically significant difference only in the factor of teaching (methods) and learning methods. Both region and gender had statistically significant positive (+) relationship with preference for all four factors. This implies that it is necessary to consider socio-cultural factors rather than teachers' perception on class for regional differences in academic achievements in mathematics.

Measuring the Moderating Effect of Gender on Organic Food Purchase Intentions in China based on Theory of Planned Behavior

  • LI, Yu;LI, Hao
    • Korean Journal of Artificial Intelligence
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    • v.7 no.1
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    • pp.5-12
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    • 2019
  • The study is to identify the factors influencing Chinese consumers' intentions to purchase organic food based on Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) model. This research concentrates on the moderating effect of gender during the process. An offline investigation was used for the research purpose. Data for the study was gathered from February to March 2018. The total of 260 valid responses was used for this analysis. An online questionnaire was distributed through Email to Chinese consumers living in major cities of China and abroad to collect the data. Multi group analysis and model comparison were conducted to examine the moderating effect of gender. Our results support previous researches suggesting that gender moderates the relationship between attitude and behavioral intention. However, surprisingly, no significant moderating effect of gender on the relationship between subjective norms and behavioral intention was found. This paper revisited TPB antecedents and the moderating effect of gender focusing on Chinese organic food markets. The findings provide essential managerial implications to the marketers in this industry. Further research could examine whether TPB model can be applied to other potential purchasing groups.

Women's Role in the Context of Coping with Everyday Life : Challenges for Public and Privacy in Germany

  • Leonhauser, Ingid-Ute
    • International Journal of Human Ecology
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    • v.4 no.1
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    • pp.55-70
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    • 2003
  • The purpose of this paper is to describe the situation of everyday life of women and men in Germany and gender related aspects. Therefore social demographical data, presented tv the Office for European Statistics, Luxembourg and by German statistical data, are used. Based on this data the different roles, responsibilities, and social positions of women and men are interpreted in the context of the idea of mainstreaming gender. In comparison to other European countries, especially to the Scandinavian countries, the situation of women in Germany still has to be improved. It is a prevalent problem for women to arrange family life and working career, because the gender-related role-allocation is still an issue. Women, who are involved in looking after children, are significantly less engaged in business life, as for men caring does not make a difference, whether they are employed or not. In addition to this fact women on average earn less than men, especially for women working in higher positions. To improve the situation of women and men the German government has initiated a ‘Gender Mainstreaming Policy’ in 2000 and has taken important legal measures which make it possible to reconcile family-life and gainful employment. For Home Economists there is a need to integrate the gender dimension into a household analytical approach.

Women's role in the context of coping with everyday life: Challenges for public and privacy. The German situation

  • Leonhauer, Ingrid-Ute
    • Proceedings of KHEA Conference
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    • 2003.04a
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    • pp.1-11
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    • 2003
  • The purpose of this paper is to describe the situation of everyday life of women and men in Germany and gender related aspects. Therefore social demographical data, presented by the Office for European Statistics, Luxembourg and by German statistical data, are used. Based on this data the different roles, responsibilities, and social positions of women and men are interpreted in the context of the idea of mainstreaming gender. In comparison to other European countries, especially to the Scandinavian countries, the situation of women in Germany still has to be improved. It is a prevalent problem for women to arrange family life and working career, because the gender-related role-allocationis still an issue. Women, who are involved in looking after children, are significantly less engaged in business life, as for men caring does not make a difference, whether they are employed or not. In addition to this fact women on average earn less than men, especially for women working in higher positions. To improve the situation of women and men the German government has initiated a 'Gender Mainstreaming Policy' in 2000 and has taken important legal measures which make it possible to reconcile family-life and gainful employment. For Home Economists there is a need to integrate the gender dimension into a household analytical approach.

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