• 제목/요약/키워드: gelatinization properties

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한국과 일본의 자포니카종 쌀에 대한 이화학적 특성의 비교 및 관능품질의 추정에 관한 연구 (Studies on the Comparison of Physicochemical Properties and the Presumption of Sensory Quality of Japonica Rice Varieties Cultivated in Korea and Japan)

  • 홍원표;이성갑;박승남
    • 한국식품영양학회지
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    • 제14권6호
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    • pp.596-604
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    • 2001
  • Twelve varieties of Korean rice and ten varieties of Japanese rice were selected. After being milled. they were analyzed about various physicochemical properties such as moisture, protein and amylose, a -amylase activity, gelatinization properties. And after being cooked with proper amount of water texture and other physical properties were measured by Texturometer, Tensipresser and Rheolograph-micro. Finally the sensory evaluation test was carried out. The results were as follows. 1. In case of protein contents, amylose contents and $\alpha$-amylase activity, Korean rice had a slightly higher value than Japanese As a consequence. Korean rice showed a little stronger hardness and a little weaker stickiness compared with Japanese rice. 2. Amylose contents showed very high correlation with other physicochemical properties and peak viscosity and gelatinization temperature of RVA, the ratio of stickiness to hardness( -Hl/Hl ) of Texturometer and the tan $\delta$(the ratio of dynamic loss to dynamic viscoelasticity) of Rheolograph-micro showed high correlation with other analyzed properties. 3. The ( -/+)work balance of low compression test(25% ) of Tensipresser analysis(texture analysis on the surface of cooked rice) and tan f of Rheolograph-micro showed very high correlation with sensory evaluation results. By using this parameters as major independent variables, some trials to derive high confidence multiple regression equations were accomplished. By the equations it would be possible to make an approximate pre-estimate of eating quality for unknown japonica rice.

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기능성 부재료를 첨가한 시판 건국수류의 물성 및 조리 특성 (Physical and Cooking Properties of Commercial Dried Noodles Supplemented with Functional Ingredients)

  • 황성연;강근옥
    • 동아시아식생활학회지
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    • 제24권3호
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    • pp.368-374
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    • 2014
  • We investigated the physical and cooking properties of commercial noodles supplemented with functional ingredients. RVA (rapid visco analyzer), color, water activity, texture and cooking properties were tested. Noodles containing kudzu showed the highest initial gelatinization temperatures, whereas noodle containing kelp displayed the highest peak viscosity and set back. Holding strength and final viscosity were highest in noodles containing mugwort. The L value ($94.89{\pm}0.02$) of wheat flour noodle was the highest. Among functional noodles, L value ($88.65{\pm}0.01$) and a value ($7.42{\pm}0.02$) of cactus noodle were the highest, whereas b value of pumpkin noodle was $40.81{\pm}0.03$, which was higher value than in other noodles. Water activity of cactus noodle was highest (0.455), but the difference was not significant. Cooking properties (including weight, volume, and water absorption) and turbidity of pumpkin noodles showed the highest growth rate. In terms of texture, hardness was highest ($12836.8{\pm}7.1g/cm^2$) in green tea noodles, and cohesiveness and gumminess were highest in kelp and mugwort noodles. Considerig the quality characteristics of noodles supplemented with mulberry leaves, cactus, mugwort, green tea, pumpkin, kelp or kudzu, pumpkin noodles were most stable in terms of gelatinization and cooking properties.

찰흑미 전분의 호화 특성 (Gelatinization Properties of Waxy Black Rice Starch)

  • 최경철;나환식;오금순;김성곤;김관
    • 한국식품영양과학회지
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    • 제34권1호
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    • pp.87-92
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    • 2005
  • 찰흑미(상해항혈나) 전분의 호화 특성을 알아보고자 신선찰벼 전분을 대조구로 SEM, X-ray 회절도, 시차주사열량계와 신속점도계를 이용하여 호화특성을 비교하였다. 주사전자현미경에 의한 입자형태의 변화에서는 6$0^{\circ}C$에서 찰흑미 전분에 비해 신선찰벼 전분의 입자 붕괴가 더 심하였으며, 시 차주사열량계에 의한 관찰에서는 신선찰벼와 찰흑미 전분의 호화개시온도는 62.$0^{\circ}C$와 63.$0^{\circ}C$, 피크온도는 69.$0^{\circ}C$, 69.4$^{\circ}C$, 호화절정온도는 78.7$^{\circ}C$, 78.9$^{\circ}C$, 호화엔탈피는 각각 8.55 J/g, 8.87 J/g로 서로 차이를 보이지 않았다. 생 전분의 X-선 회절양상은 두 시료 모두 전형적인 A형을 보였고, 가열온도에 따른 양상에 있어서 6$0^{\circ}C$$65^{\circ}C$에서 신선찰벼 전분에 비해 찰흑미 전분의 결정형이 상대적으로 많음을 알 수 있었으나 $65^{\circ}C$를 경계로 결정형 영역은 완전히 사라졌다. 신속점도계를 이용한 호화특성에서는 최고점도, breakdown, 최종점도, setback은 시료간에 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다.

특수미 품종의 지방산과 아미노산 조성 및 열적 특성 (Fatty Acids, Amino Acids and Thermal Properties of Specialty Rice Cultivars)

  • 최인덕
    • 한국식품영양과학회지
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    • 제39권9호
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    • pp.1405-1409
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    • 2010
  • 특수미 품종인 유색미, 향미, 거대배아미의 지방산 및 아미조산 조성과 호화특성을 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 주된 지방산은 linoleic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid이며, 특히 linoleic acid와 oleic acid가 전체 지방산의 75~80%를 차지하였다. 아미노산은 품종 간에 다소 차이가 있으나, 주요 아미노산은 glutamic acid와 aspartic acid로 분석되었으며, 적진주 품종인 경우는 cysteine과 GABA가 주요 아미노산이었고, 특히, 큰눈에는 cysteine과 GABA가 유의하게 높게 함유되어있는 것으로 나타났다. 특수미의 호화특성을 DSC 분석한 결과, 찰성인 조생흑찰과 화선찰벼가 호화에 필요한 흡열 엔탈피(${\Delta}H$)가 유의적으로 높게 나타났다. 또한, 유색미 품종인 흑진주와 적진주의 열적 특성인 호화개시온도, 최대호화온도 및 호화종결온도가 일반 메성 쌀인 일품현미에 비하여 높게 나타나, 유색미 품종의 취반 특성이 일반 현미에 비하여 낮을 것으로 분석되었다.

식혜식이섬유가 쌀전분의 호화와 노화 특성에 미치는 영향 (Effects of Sikhe dietary fibers on the Rice Starch gelatinization and Retrogradation properties)

  • 전은례;김경애;정난희
    • 한국식품조리과학회지
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    • 제18권2호
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    • pp.157-163
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    • 2002
  • 식혜 식이섬유를 쌀전분에 첨가하여 호화 특성과 노화 특성을 알아보았다. 신속 점도계에 의한 호화 개시온도는 첨가수준이 증가할수록 유의성 있게 높아졌으나 최고점도, 최저점도, 최종점도, breakdown, consistency는 낮아졌고 setback은 높아졌으므로 식이섬유 첨가에 의하여 호화가 더 어려웠다. 시차주사 열량기에 의한 호화개시온도도 첨가수준이 증가할수록 유의성 있게 높아졌으나 엔탈피(ΔH)는 낮아졌다. 4$^{\circ}C$에서 1일, 3일, 7일간 저장하는 동안 호화액의 투명도 변화는 저장 1일까지는 감소정도가 크다가 그 이후에는 완만하게 감소했으며, 첨가수준이 증가할수록 투명도가 약간 높아졌다. 또한 쌀전분 겔과 식이섬유 첨가전분 겔의 시차주사열량기에 의한 노화 용융피크는 41~46$^{\circ}C$에서 나타났으며 노화 엔탈피는 1일, 3일, 7일간 저장함에 따라 쌀전분 겔은 증가하였고 식이섬유 첨가전분 겔은 거의 변화가 없었으므로 식혜 식이섬유첨가는 노화를 지연시켰는데, 노화지연효과는 백미식혜식이섬유보다 현미식혜식이섬유가 더 컸다.

쌀 품종의 아밀로오스 함량에 따른 호화 및 취반 특성 비교 (Varietal Variation of Gelatinization and Cooking Properties in Rice having Different Amylose Contents)

  • 윤미라;오세관;이정희;김대중;최임수;이점식;김정곤
    • 한국식품영양학회지
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    • 제25권4호
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    • pp.762-769
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    • 2012
  • In order to study the cooking characteristics of four rice cultivars of Seolhyangchal, Baegjinju, Ilpum and Haiami, we investigated the relationship between the textures of cooked rice and their physicochemical properties. Different levels in grain weight. length/width ratio and amylose content were observed among the four rice cultivars. There was no significant difference in the amylopectin chain length distribution among the cultivars. Water absorptions of rice grains during soaking were completed between 30 and 40 min, with Haiami showing the slowest absorption. Significant differences in the viscosity properties of rice flour were found by a Rapid Visco Analyser. Baegjinju with low amylose content had the highest viscosity in paste breakdown. According to the DSC results of rice starches, there were significant differences in the onset, peak and conclusion temperatures of the endothermic peak. Gelatinization enthalpy showed energy content changes between 4.20 and 6.97 J/g, with the lowest change in Haiami. Texture properties of cooked rice were assessed using a Texture Analyzer, which showed that the hardness of cooked rice was decreased with soaking than without soaking. However, this finding was not applicable for Haiami rice.

느릅나무 유피분말을 첨가한 설기떡의 품질 특성 (Quality Characteristics of Sulgidduk Prepared with Ulmus Cortex Powder)

  • 전미경;김문용;전순실
    • 한국식품조리과학회지
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    • 제24권1호
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    • pp.31-38
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    • 2008
  • Sulgidduk samples made with additions of 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5% Ulmus cortex powder, and a control, were examined for quality characteristics such as moisture content, color, gelatinization properties, textural characteristics, and consumer acceptance, in order to determine the optimal ratio of Ulmus cortex powder in the formulation. The moisture contents among the samples were not significantly different, ranging from 40.57 to 42.37%, and increased as the Ulmus cortex powder content increased. For the color values, lightness decreased and yellowness and redness increased with increasing Ulmus cortex powder content. With regard to the gelatinization properties, peak viscosity (P), trough viscosity (T), final viscosity (F), breakdown, and consistency increased with increasing amounts of Ulmus cortex powder. Pasting temperature, time to peak viscosity, and setback presented decreasing tendencies with the additions of Ulmus cortex powder. For the textural characteristics, increasing Ulmus cortex powder content presented decreases in hardness, springiness, and chewiness however, adhesiveness, cohesiveness, and gumminess were not significantly different among samples. In the consumer acceptance test, the scores of all evaluated characteristics decreased as the ratio of Ulmus cortex powder increased. However, the intensity ratings for the 1 and 2% Ulmus cortex powder samples showed the opposite effect, obtaining fairly good scores. In conclusion, the results indicate that adding $1{\sim}2%$ Ulmus cortex powder to Sulgidduk is optimal, providing good physiological properties and reasonably high consumer acceptability.

어성초 분말을 첨가한 설기떡의 품질 특성 (Quality Characteristics of Sulgidduk Prepared with Houttuynia cordata Thunb. Powder)

  • 은순덕;김문용;전순실
    • 한국식품조리과학회지
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    • 제24권1호
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    • pp.23-30
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    • 2008
  • Sulgidduk samples made with additions of 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10% Houttuynia cordata Thunb. powder, and a control were examined for quality characteristics such as moisture content, water activity, color, gelatinization properties, textural characteristics, and sensory qualities in order to determine the optimal ratio of Houttuynia cordata Thunb. powder in the formulation. The moisture contents among the samples ranged from 41.98% to 44.97%, and increased as the content of Houttuynia cordata Thunb. powder increased. The water activities of the samples were not significantly different. As the Houttuynia cordata Thunb. powder content increased, the redness and yellowness of the samples also increased, but lightness decreased. For the gelatinization properties, the additions of Houttuynia cordata Thunb. powder caused decreases in peak viscosity (P) and holding strength viscosity (H). Furthermore, final viscosity (F), setback, and time to peak viscosity decreased with increasing Houttuynia cordata Thunb. powder content; however, breakdown and temperature to peak viscosity were not significantly different among the samples. Hardness and gumminess decreased with increasing Houttuynia cordata Thunb. powder content, and adhesiveness, cohesiveness, chewiness, and resilience also tended to decrease; however, springiness was not significantly different among the samples. In the consumer acceptance test, as the content of Houttuynia cordata Thunb. powder increased, the scores of all evaluated characteristics decreased; while the characteristic intensity ratings showed the reverse effect, and the 2 and 4% Houttuynia cordata Thunb. powder samples obtained fairly good scores. In conclusion, the results indicate that adding $2{\sim}4%$ Houttuynia cordata Thunb. powder to Sulgidduk is optimal, providing good physiological properties and reasonably high overall consumer acceptability.

수분-열처리에 따른 쌀 전분의 호화특성 (Gelatinization Properties of Rice Starch by Heat-Moisture Treatment)

  • 김수경;신말식
    • 한국식품조리과학회지
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    • 제6권4호통권13호
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    • pp.33-39
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    • 1990
  • 아끼바레(일반계), 태백(다수계), 미국쌀(인디카형) 전분과 찹쌀전분을 분리하여 수분을 27%로 조절하고 수분-열처리한 다음 전분의 호화특성을 조사하였다. 광투과도에 의한 호화 개시온도는 찹쌀전분은 $50{\sim}55^{\circ}C$, 아끼바레, 태백전분은 $60{\sim}65^{\circ}C$, 미국쌀전분은 $70{\sim}75^{\circ}C$이고 그 이후부터 호화도는 급격히 증가하였다. 수분-열처리하면 호화온도가 증가하였다. amylogram에 의한 생전분의 호화온도는 광투과도에 의한 것과 같은 경향을 보였고 수분-열처리하면 $3{\sim}5^{\circ}C$씩 높아졌으며 각 온도에서의 점도와 최고점도는 감소하였다. DSC에 의한 호화양상은 모든 쌀전분이 single endotherm을 보였고 호화엔탈피는 $2.26{\sim}2.63\;cal/g$의 범위였다. 수분-열처리하면 호화온도는 약간 높아졌으며 호화엔탈피는 $2.06{\sim}2.74\;cal/g$범위였다. 알칼리 호화에 의한 점도는 광투과도의 변화는 아끼바레, 태백전분은 높은 광투과도와 점도를 보였고 그 다음이 찹쌀, 미국쌀전분 순이었다. 수분-열처리하면 모든 전분의 점도는 증가하였으나 광투과도는 아끼바레, 태백, 찹쌀전분은 감소하였고 미국쌀전분은 증가하였다.

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쌀 보리 전분의 성질비교 (Comparison of Some Properties of Naked Barley Starches)

  • 김오목;김관;김성곤
    • 한국식품과학회지
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    • 제17권1호
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    • pp.33-36
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    • 1985
  • 쌀보리(송학, 영산 및 진안56호) 전분의 물 결합능력, 아밀로스 함량, 상대적 결정도, Swelling Power및 가열에 따른 호화도의 변화는 품종간에 뚜렷한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 그러나 아밀로그람 특성값 및 알카리에 의한 점도 증가 양상은 품종마다 독특한 경향을 보였다. 송학전분은 아밀로그람에 의한 호화온도가 가장 낮았으며, 알카리 호화에 대하여 저항성이 큰 경향을 보였다.

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