• 한국환경독성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경독성학회 1997년도 제20회 화학물질의 환경독성과 건강영향
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• pp.101-101
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• 1997

Comet assay, single cell gel electrophoresis has been known as useful, rapid, simple, visual, and sensitive technique for measuring the DNA breakage in mammalian ce1ls. For evaluation of DNA damage using comet assay, early studies reported a change in comet length and intensity with DNA damage using simple visual technique, such as fluorescence microscopy with eyespiece. In recent, some workers are observing and analyzing nucleotide of comets using quantitative fluorescence image analysis system to estimate 'tail moment', which is defined as the product of the tail length and the fraction of total DNA in tail. Our laboratory also adopted the image analysis software for qualification. In addition, many of the practical features of comet assay render it potentially attractive as useful tool for molecular toxicology and carcinogenesis, because the system is already showing considerable promise as rapid predictor in both in vitro and in vivo experimental designs. Recently, the comet assay becomes a attractive technique to study of apoptosis, because apoptotic fragmentation of nuclear DNA into nucleosomal sizes can be evaluated by the comet assay. So, we attempted to apply the comet assay to studying the effect of various stress on the apoptosis-sensitive cell lines. Particularly, focusing on the hyperthermic apoptosis, we could find that heat shock(44˚C for 60 minutes) was sufficient to induced apoptosis in these cell lines. But using the highly sensitive comet assay, we could not detect DNA breaks immediately after heat shock.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.82-88
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• 2007

From the EtOAc fraction of Eugenia caryophyllata, four compounds were isolated through activity-guided silica gel column chromatography, From the result of spectroscopic data including NMR, MS and IR, the chemical structures of the compounds were determined as 1-allyl-4-hydroxy-3-methoxybezene acetate (eugenol acetate, 1), 1-allyl-4-hydroxy-3-methoxybezene (eugenol, 2), $3{\beta}-hydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic$ acid (oleanolic acid, 3) and $2{\alpha}$, $3{\beta}-dihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic$ acid (maslinic acid, 4). Compounds 3 and 4 were isolated for the first time from this plant. Also, compounds 1, 2 and 3 exhibited relatively high platelet aggregation inhibitory activity with the $IC_{50}$ values of 0.24, 0.09 and 0.07 mM, respectively. Compound 2 significantly prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) with the value of $124{\pm}11.2$ seconds as compared to the control with the value of $37.5{\pm}2.2$ seconds at the concentration of 50 ${\mu}g/ml$. Compounds 1 and 3 revealed inhibitory activity on farnesyl protein transferase (FPTase) with the $IC_{50}$ values of 0.49 and 0.24 mM and compounds 1 and 2 highly inhibited the growth of rat-H-ras cells with the $Gl_{50}$ values of 6.63 and 5.70 ${\mu}M$, respectively.

• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.190-195
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• 2002

NaX seed결정(10~20 $\mu$m)을 $3.5Na_2$O : $Al_2O $: $2.1SiO_2$ : $1000H_2$O 용액에 0.5~2.0g 첨가한 후 연속결정화법으로 50 $\mu$m의 균일한 결정을 성장시켰다. 연속결정화법에 의한 결정성장을 시험하기 위하여, 모액을 7일, 5일, 3일, 2일과 1일 간격으로 공급하였다. Seed 첨가의 결과는 첨가하지 않은 용액과 비교하여 보다 균일하고 큰 결정들을 얻었다. 합성용액에 seed의 첨가는 반응물과 물리적인 접촉 면적을 초래하여 합성 겔의 핵성장 없이 seed 결정의 결정성장을 확인할 수 있다.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.76-79
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• 2013

We evaluated antioxidant activities of heated pear juice (HPJ) exposed to 120, 130, and $140^{\circ}C$ for 2 hr. HPJ was partitioned using n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, and water. The ethyl acetate fraction treated at $130^{\circ}C$ for 2 hr showed strong antioxidant activity; thus, this extract was isolated and purified using silica gel column chromatography and preparative high performance liquid chromatography. The structure of the purified compound was determined using ultraviolet and mass spectrometry, $^1H$-nucelar magnetic resonance (NMR), and $^{13}C$-NMR. Antioxidant activities of the isolated compound were evaluated and compared with ${\alpha}$-tocopherol, ascorbic acid, and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) using DPPH and ABTS assays. The isolated compound was identified as 2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-4H-pyran-4-one (DDMP). The DPPH radical-scavenging activity ($IC_{50}$) of DDMP occurred in the following order: ascorbic acid ($45.3{\mu}g/mL$) > ${\alpha}$-tocopherol ($69.2{\mu}g/mL$) > DDMP ($241.6{\mu}g/mL$) > BHT ($268.0{\mu}g/mL$). Furthermore, DDMP showed strong ABTS radical-scavenging activity (569.0 mg AA eq/g).

• KSBB Journal
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.484-488
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• 2006

이상의 실험결과를 종합해보면 6-gingerol의 최적추출조건은 $30^{\circ}C$에서 80% 에탄올을 이용하여 추출함이 바람직하다고 여겨진다. 또한 용매만을 이용해서 추출하는 것보다 초음파를 도입하여 추출하는 것이 7% 정도 높은 결과를 얻는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 6-gingerol의 경우 분취크로마토그래피를 이용했을 때 비교적 높은 순도의 gingerol을 얻을 수 있었으며, F9 분획에서 $0.53\;mg/m{\ell}$의 6-gingerol를 얻었다. 6-gingerol의 항산화 활성은 아스코르브산의 95% 정도로 매우 높게 나타났다. 또한 항산화 활성을 나타내는 다른 물질이 포함되어 있다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.133-139
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• 2017

Rheum palmatum has traditionally been used as a preventive agent and medication against fever and infection. The aim of this study was to isolate and characterize an antibacterial substance from R. palmatum that is effective against bacterial vaginosis. A methanol extract from R. palmatum showed antibacterial activity against Lactobacillus vaginalis KC TC 3515, Chryseobacterium gleum KCTC 2904, and Sphingomonas paucimobilis KCTC 2834, which cause bacterial vaginosis. After extraction and pH control of the methanol extract from R. palmatum, we found that acidic and alkaline extracts did not show antibacterial activity. A neutral extract (50 mg/mL) displayed an inhibitory zone of 18 mm on a nutrient agar plate with C. gleum KCTC 2904. Fractions No. 11 and 12 among 41 fractions obtained by silica gel column chromatography produced inhibitory zones of 10 mm on nutrient agar plates with C. gleum KCTC 2904. $R_f0.15$ and $R_f0.17$ spots produced by TLC of fraction No. 11 showed antibacterial activity against C. gleum KCTC 2904. Isolation and purification of the peak at a retention time (Rt) of 9.427 min was achieved by HPLC of $R_f0.29spots$. The peak at Rt 9.427 min showed antibacterial activity against C. gleum KCTC 2904.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.302-307
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• 1992

들깻잎의 메탄을 추출물이 S. typhimurium TA98과 100에서 aflatoxin B$_1$(AFB$_1$)의 돌연변이 유발성을 억제시키는 효과가 있었다. 메탄을 추출물을 silica gel column을 사용하여 더욱 분획하여 항돌연변이 효과를 시험하였으며, 그중 효과가 가장 컸던 fraction 중의 화합물을 분리, 동정한 결과 2-ethoxy acetate, 1, 2, 3, 4-tetramethyl-cis-cyclobutene, 두 개의 methyl 11, 14, 17-eicosatrienoate 이성체, 12-acetyl-9-octadecanoic acid, 그리고 Phytol이 있음이 잠정적으로 밝혀졌다. Phytol과 methyill, 14, 17-eicosatrienoate의 표준품을 사용하여 AFB$_1$및 Trp-P-2에 대한 항돌연변이 효과를 시험한 결과 그 효과가 컸음이 밝혀졌다.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.55-62
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• 1994

Aspergillus niger 균체로부터 황산암모늄 분별침전, 이온교환 크로마토그래피, 한외여과, 소수성 크로마토그래피 과정을 거쳐 glucose oxidase( EC 1.1. 3.4)를 순수 정제하였다. 최종 정제과정인 소수성 크로마토그래퍼에 의해 소수성은 다르나 glucose oxidase의 활성을 갖는 A, B fraction이 얻어졌고, 그의 비활성도는 각각 2,191, 1,273units/mg이었다. A와 B는 분자량 78,000의 당단백질임이 확인되었으나, HPLC 겔 여과로 측정한 분자량, 최대 흡수 파장, 등전점 등에 차이를 보였다. 효소 A는 $\beta$-D-glucose를 특이적으로 산화하였고, 촉매 활성에 대한 최적 온도 는 $30^{\circ}C$, 최적 pH는 3.5이었으며, SDS에 대하여 비교적 강한 저항성을 나타내었고, 촉매 기능은 10mM $Hg^{2+}$에 의해 급격히 억제되었다. 화학 수식 실험 결과 cysteine/ cystine중의 SH기가 glucose oxidase의 활성에 관여하고 있음이 시사되었다.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.470-477
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• 1995

Flavonoids from Scutellariae Radix possessed a dual function both as an anti-inflammatory agent and an enhancer of cellular activity in gingival fibroblast. The purpose of this study was to evaluate on the toxicity of ethanolic extract from the root of Scutellariae Radix Georgi and its flavonoids, Wogonin, Baicalein, and Baicalin were isolated and purified by the following method. The crude drug was extracted with ethyl acetate and the residue was dissolved in ethyl alcohol. The ethyl alcohol soluble fraction was separated, concentrated, and then chromatographed on a silica gel column. The acute oral LD 50 in rats was determined for EtOH ex. of Scutellariae Radix and three compounds were evaluated with a single oral gavage at three graded dosage levels. The acute intravenous LD 50 was determined with a single intravenous injection via the jugular vein at three graded dosage levels. Groups of 5 male and 5 female rats, 6 week of age at the start of the study, were fed diets containing 3 graded dosage levels for 14 days. Groups of 5 male and 5 female hamster received O.5ml of the test article at once in a day for 5 days to the buccal cheek pouch for two minutes each. The acute oral LD50 for EtOH ex. of Scutellariae Radix is 1430mg/kg, and for Wogonin 1320mg/kg, for Baicalein 1250mg/kg, for Baicalin 1330mg/kg. The acute intravenous toxicity of EtOH ex. of Scutellariae Radix and its extracts was found to be 27mg/kg body weight No toxic effects were observed in rats fed up to 200mg/kg of EtOH ex. of Scutellariae Radix, Wogonin, Baicalein and Baicalin in the diet for 14 days. The acute Mucouse Membrane LD 50 in hamsters was found to be greater than 100mg/kg. These results suggested that EtOH ex. of Scutellariae Radix and its flavonoids are safe for oral care products using limited amount of extract.

• 생약학회지
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.233-236
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• 2008

In order to find the antioxidative components, fractionation of Cyperus amuricus (Cyperaceae) methanol extract was performed by measuring the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging effect. Three compounds, 3,4-dimethoxy benzoic acid (1), 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (2), and piceatannol (3) were isolated from the active ethylacetate soluble fraction of C. amuricus through repeated silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography. Among them, compound 3 showed the significant antioxidative effect on DPPH free radical scavenging test. These compounds are reported for the first time from this plant.