• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.247-251
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• 2006

Bezoars are collections or concretions of indigestible foreign material that accumulate and coalesce in the gastrointestinal tract; they usually occur in patients who have undergone gastric surgery and have delayed gastric emptying. Treatment options include dissolution with enzymes, endoscopic fragmentation with removal or aspiration, and surgery. Recently, the efficacy of nasogastric lavage or endoscopic infusion of Coca-Cola for the dissolution of phytobezoar have been reported. We report a case of phytobezoar successfully treated by oral administration and endoscopic injection of Coca-Cola. A 62-year-old woman was referred to Yeungnam University Hospital for epigastric pain. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed one very large, dark-greenish, solid bezoar in the stomach with gastric ulcer and duodenal bulb deformity. We performed endoscopic injection of Coca-Cola into the bezoar. The patient was instructed to drink four liters of Coca-Cola per day. At endoscopy two days later, the phytobezoar was easily broken into pieces. At endoscopy on the $11^{th}$ day of admission, the phytobezoar was decreased in size and removed by endoscopic fragmentation with a polypectomy snare. At follow up endoscopy after 13 days, the bezoar was completely dissolved.

• 대한상부위장관⦁헬리코박터학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.204-208
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• 2018

Spontaneous intramural hematoma is a rare complication of oral anticoagulants, and its incidence is expected to increase because of the increasing number of elderly patients undergoing anticoagulant therapy. Clinical manifestations of spontaneous intramural hematoma vary from mild abdominal pain to intestinal obstruction or acute abdomen. Early diagnosis is important because most patients can be treated successfully without surgery. The role of endoscopy in the diagnosis of intramural hematoma is not well established because almost all cases are diagnosed non-invasively with computed tomography scans. However, confirmation of the intramural hematoma through direct visualization of the involved bowel mucosa is helpful, if the imaging diagnosis is uncertain. We report a case of anticoagulant-induced spontaneous intramural hematoma, which was diagnosed using endoscopy, with relevant literature review.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.85-91
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• 2019

The incidence of gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma is increasing worldwide, but the diagnosis is difficult. Most patients are asymptomatic or complain of nonspecific gastrointestinal symptoms. As the endoscopic features of gastric MALT lymphoma are variable and nonspecific, the possibility of this condition may be overlooked during esophagogastroduodenoscopy, and it remain undiagnosed. Therefore, this condition needs to be considered when an abnormal mucosa is observed during this procedure. Biopsy performed during endoscopy is the primary diagnostic test, but false negative results are possible; large numbers of samples should be collected from both normal and abnormal mucosae. Endoscopic ultrasonography is useful to assess the depth of invasion and to predict the treatment response. After treatment, follow-up tests are required every 3 months until complete remission is achieved, and annually thereafter. Early diagnosis of gastric MALT lymphoma is difficult, and its diagnosis and follow-up require wide experience and competent endoscopic technique.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권7호
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• pp.2999-3001
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• 2015

Background: This study aimed to evaluate upper gastrointestinal polyps detected during esophago-gastroduodenoscopy tests. Materials and Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis on data regarding 55,987 upper gastrointestinal endoscopy tests performed at the endoscopy unit of Istanbul Education and Research Hospital between January 2006 and June 2012. Results: A total of 66 upper gastrointestinal polyps from 59 patients were analyzed. The most common clinical symptom was dyspepsia, observed in 41 cases (69.5%). The localizations of the polyps were as follows: 29 in the antrum (43.9%), 15 in the corpus (22.7%), 11 in the cardia (16.7%), 3 in the fundus (4.54%), 3 in the second portion of the duodenum (4.54%), 2 in the bulbus (3.03%) and 3 in the lower end of the esophagus (4.54%). Histopathological types of polyps included hyperplastic polyps (44) (66.7%), faveolar hyperplasia (8) (12.1%), fundic gland polyps (4) (6.06%), squamous cell polyps (4) (6.06%), hamartomatous polyps (3) (4.54%), and pyloric gland adenoma (3) (4.54%). Histopathological analysis of the gastric mucosa showed chronic atrophic gastritis in 30 cases (50.84%), HP infection in 33 cases (55.9%) and intestinal metaplasia in 19 cases (32.20%). In 3 cases with multiple polyps, adenocarcinoma was detected in hyperplastic polyps. Conclusions: Among polypoid lesions of the upper gastrointestinal tract, the most common histological type is hyperplastic polyps. Generally, HP infection is associated with chronic atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia. The incidence of adenocarcinoma tends to be higher in patients with multiple hyperplastic polyps.

• Clinical Endoscopy
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• 제51권6호
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• pp.602-603
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• 2018

• Clinical Endoscopy
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• 제56권2호
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• pp.258-260
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• 2023

• Clinical Endoscopy
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• 제56권6호
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• pp.754-760
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• 2023

Background/Aims: Endoscopic vacuum therapy (EVT) can heal a variety of defects within the gastrointestinal (GI) tract via applying negative pressure, which reduces the defect size, aspirates the infected fluid, and promotes granulation tissue. Here we present our experience with EVT as it relates to both spontaneous and iatrogenic upper GI tract perforations, leaks, and fistulas. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at four large hospital centers. All patients who underwent EVT between June 2018 and March 2021 were included. Data on multiple variables were collected, including demographics, defect size and location, number and intervals of EVT exchanges, technical success, and hospital length of stay. Student t-test and the chi-squared test were used to analyze the data. Results: Twenty patients underwent EVT. The most common defect cause was spontaneous esophageal perforation (50%). The most common defect location was the distal esophagus (55%). The success rate was 80%. Seven patients were treated with EVT as the primary closure method. The mean number of exchanges was five with a mean interval of 4.3 days between exchanges. The mean length of hospital stay was 55.8 days. Conclusions: EVT is a safe and effective initial management option for esophageal leaks and perforations.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.31-40
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• 2005

목 적: 소아에 대한 상부 위장관 내시경술이 보편화되면서 종양성 질환의 진단이 늘고 있으나, 이에 대한 체계적인 보고가 미미한 실정이어서 상부 위장관에서 종양성 질환의 진단과 치료에서 있어서 내시경술의 역할에 대해 조사하였다. 방 법: 1994년 1월부터 2004년 7월까지 부산대학교병원 소아과에서 상부 위장관 내시경 검사 중 종양성 질환이 발견된 26명을 대상으로 후향적으로 의무기록을 분석하였다. 내시경 검사는 Olympus사의 GIF (Q240, Q260, P230)를 사용하였고, 전처치로 midazolam이나 ketamine을 단독 또는 병용하였다. 결 과: 1) 이 기간 중 총 1,283명에서 상부 위장관 내시경술이 시행되었으며, 이 중 26명(2.0%)에서 종양성 질환이 진단되었다. 2) 남아가 11명, 여아가 15명이었고, 평균 연령은 6.93세(1달~15세)였다. 3) 진단된 질환으로는 이소성 췌장 6례(23.0%), 위식도 경계부 용종 5례(19.2%), 후두개곡 낭종 3례(11.5%), 유두종 3례(11.0%), Brunner's gland 과증식증과 위 점막하 종양이 각각 2례(7.7%)였으며, 그 외 위장관 간질성 종양, Henoch-$Sch{\ddot{o}}lein$ 자반증에 합병된 십이지장 벽내 거대 혈종, 십이지장 T세포 림프종, 식도 지방종, Peutz-Jeghers 증후군에서의 과오종이 각각 1례(3.8%)였다. 4) 내시경 검사를 하게 된 주 증상으로는 복통이 21례(80.7%), 오심 또는 구토가 8례(30.8%), 위장관 출혈이 7례(30.7%) 등의 순이었다. 5) 병변의 위치는 위가 8례(30.7%), 십이지장이 7례(26.9%), 위식도 경계부가 6례(23.0%), 인두가 5례(19.2%), 식도가 2례(7.7%)였다. 6) 병변의 크기는 10 mm 미만이 14례(53.8%), 10~20 mm가 7례(26.9%), 20 mm 이상이 5례(19.2%)였다. 7) 내시경적 육안 소견만으로 진단된 경우가 6례(23.1%)있었고, 내시경 초음파 검사로 위 점막하 종양 1례를 진단하였으며, 그 외 19례(73.1%)는 내시경 검사와 조직 생검을 통해 진단하였다. 8) 종양에 대한 처리로는 레이저 절제술 3례, 수술적 절제 및 항암요법 1례, 부분 위절제술 1례, 올가미를 이용한 내시경하 용종 절제술 2례, 생검 겸자를 이용한 내시경하 제거술 1례 등이 있었고, 18례는 특별한 치료없이 경과 관찰 중이다. 결 론: 소아에서 상부 위장관 내시경 검사를 통해 다양한 종류의 종양성 질환이 진단되었으며, 이들 질환의 진단 및 치료에 있어 내시경 검사는 정확하고 안전하고 효과적이고 검사이다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제55권4호
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• pp.417-420
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• 2017

Hookworm infections are rare causes of acute gastrointestinal bleeding. We report a middle aged man with primary nephrotic syndrome and pulmonary embolism. During the treatment with steroids and anticoagulants, the patient presented acute massive hemorrhage of the gastrointestinal tract. The results of gastroscopy showed red worms in the duodenum. Colonoscopy and CT angiogram of abdomen were unremarkable. Capsule endoscopy revealed fresh blood and multiple hookworms in the jejunum and ileum. Hookworms caused the acute intestinal bleeding. The patient responded well to albendazole. Hematochezia was markedly ameliorated after eliminating the parasites. Hence, hookworm infection should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a patient with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding. Capsule endoscopy may offer a better means of diagnosis for intestinal hookworm infections.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.80-84
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• 1999

Dieulafoy's disease, a vascular anomaly mainly in the upper stomach, is a rare but potentially life-threatening cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Pathogenesis is still controversial, but the most accepted theory is that a persistent caliber vessel in the submucosa is exposed by a small mucosal erosion leading to massive bleeding. The bleeding site is usually within 6 cm of the esophagogastric junction in the cardia or fundus of the stomach. The treatment of choice is therapeutic endoscopy or surgery. The age of patients reported is mainly between 50 and 70 years, and patients of pediatric age are extremely rare. We are reporting a 5-year-old male patient who had Dieulafoy's disease which was diagnosed by emergency upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Endoscopic finding was a nodular lesion with an adherent clot on the lessor curvature of the stomach 2 cm below the esophagogastric junction. Epinephrine and $Beriplast^{(R)}$ was injected in the lesion. On the second day after endoscopic sclerotherapy, the patient had recurred massive hematemesis and accompanying shock. So we performed gastrotomy and ligation. After the operation, he showed an improved general condition and was discharged at the 12th hospital day.