• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제36권11호
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• pp.791-802
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• 2014

에너지 소비량은 지속적으로 증가하고 있는 반면 사용가능한 부존자원은 한정되어 있어 전 세계적으로 에너지 위기가 심화되고 있다. 화석연료 고갈 및 에너지 생산으로 인한 환경오염 문제를 해소하기 위하여 새로운 방식의 에너지 생산 기술 개발이 요구되고 있으며, 소수력, 지열, 태양열 광, 풍력, 바이오매스 등의 신재생 에너지기술이 이미 개발되었거나 활발히 연구되고 있다. 최근 지구상에 풍부하게 존재하는 해수와 담수를 이용하여 에너지를 생산하는 염도차 발전이 관심을 얻고 있으며, 그 중에 대표적인 공정이 압력지연삼투(Pressure retarded osmosis, PRO)이다. 압력지연삼투는 에너지 생산 시 이산화탄소 배출이 없고 외부 환경요인으로 인한 제약이 적다는 장점이 있으나, 전용막 및 최적화 기술의 부재로 인해 아직 상용화 단계에 이르지 못 하였다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 압력지연삼투 기술의 현황과 한계를 다양한 측면에서 분석해보고, 이를 통해 압력지연삼투의 기술 개발 방향에 대해 논의해보고자 한다.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제34권12호
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• pp.1895-1902
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• 2021

Objective: Runs of homozygosity (ROH) are contiguous lengths of homozygous genotypes that can reveal inbreeding levels, selection pressure, and mating schemes. In this study, ROHs were evaluated in Wannan Black pigs to assess the inbreeding levels and the genome regions with high ROH frequency. Methods: In a previous study, we obtained 501.52 GB of raw data from resequencing (10×) of the genome and identified 21,316,754 single-nucleotide variants in 20 Wannan Black pig samples. We investigated the number, length, and frequency of ROH using resequencing data to characterize the homozygosity in Wannan Black pigs and identified genomic regions with high ROH frequencies. Results: In this work, 1,813 ROHs (837 ROHs in 100 to 500 kb, 449 ROHs in 500 to 1,000 kb, 527 ROHs in >1,000 kb) were identified in all samples, and the average genomic inbreeding coefficient (F_ROH) in Wannan Black pigs was 0.5234. Sixty-one regions on chromosomes 2, 3, 7, 8, 13, 15, and 16 harbored ROH islands. In total, 105 genes were identified in 42 ROH islands, among which some genes were related to production traits. Conclusion: This is the first study to identify ROH across the genome of Wannan Black pigs, the Chinese native breed of the Anhui province. Overall, Wannan Black pigs have high levels of inbreeding due to the influence of ancient and recent inbreeding due to the genome. These findings are a reliable resource for future studies and contribute to save and use the germplasm resources of Wannan Black pigs.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권12호
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• pp.112-117
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• 2017

최근 10 여 년간 신재생 에너지 개발에 대한 관심이 급증하고 있으며, 한국의 서해안은 전 세계에서 조력발전이 가장 유리한 지역 중 하나이다. 방조제 방식의 조력발전은 오랜 기간 동안 설치 및 운영을 거쳐 조력발전을 대표하는 방식이지만, 여러 환경영향을 이유로 향후 조력발전 사업 추진이 지연되거나 중단되고 있는 상황이다. 이런 이유로 본 논문에서는 기존의 방조제 방식이 가지는 환경영향을 최소화한 신형 조력발전 기술을 서해안 조력발전 후보지에 적용하고 가능성을 분석하였다. 신형 조력발전 기술은 Dynamic Tidal Power (DTP)로 불린다. 신형 조력발전 기술의 검증은 실험실이나 현장에서는 불가능하므로 수치해석 프로그램을 사용하였다. 신형 조력발전 기술은 해안으로부터 수십 km의 둑을 설치한 후, 둑의 양측에서 회절에 의해 발생하는 위상차를 이용하여 발전을 하게 된다. 이론상으로는 조차의 2배에 가까운 발전을 할 수 있어, 조차가 작은 지역에도 적용 가능할 것으로 예상된다. 방조제 방식과 달리 바닷물을 가둘 필요가 없어 환경영향을 줄일 수 있는 장점을 가지고 있다. 한국의 서해안의 경우 조위차가 크고, 대도시가 인접하고 있어 적합한 후보지로 생각된다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권8호
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• pp.3929-3937
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• 2016

Gastric cancer (GC) is a major health problem worldwide and is one of the ten most commonly diagnosed cancers in Jordan. GC is usually diagnosed at late aggressive stages in which treatment options are limited. Recently, heat shock proteins (HSPs) were found to be overexpressed in a wide range of malignancies have been considered as promising candidate biomarkers for GC. The aim of this study was to investigate pathogenic roles of a panel of cytosolic HSPs including HSP90, HSP70, HSP60 and HSP27 in GC. Immunohistochemistry was used to assess the level of expression of these proteins in archived tumor samples (N=87) representing various pathological characteristics of GC. HSP90, HSP60 and HSP27 were expressed abundantly in gastric tumors. On the other hand, HSP70 was reduced significantly and also found to be associated with Helicobacter pylori infection in tissues collected from GC patients. Furthermore, HSP27 was found to be associated with the level of differentiation. Our findings indicate a role of HSP70 as a potential prognostic biomarker, patients harboring positive HSP70 expression displaying worse disease free survival than those with negative HSP70 expression. Differential expression of HSPs may play crucial roles in the initiation and progression of GC, and could be exploited as future therapeutic targets.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.582-589
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• 2010

As a part of the back-end fuel cycle, transportation of spent nuclear fuel (SNF) from nuclear power plants (NPPs) to a fuel storage facility is very important in establishing a nuclear fuel cycle. In Korea, the accumulated amount of SNF in the NPP pools is troublesome since the temporary storage facilities at these NPP pools are expected to be full of SNF within ten years. Therefore, Korea cannot help but plan for the construction of an interim storage facility to solve this problem in the near future. Especially, a decision on several factors, such as where the interim storage facility should be located, how many casks a transport ship can carry at a time and how many casks are initially required, affect the configuration of the transportation system. In order to analyze the various possible candidate scenarios, we assumed four cases for the interim storage facility location, three cases for the load capacity that a transport ship can carry and two cases for the total amount of casks used for transportation. First, this study considered the currently accumulated amount of SNF in Korea, and the amount of SNF generated from NPPs until all NPPs are shut down. Then, how much SNF per year must be transported from the NPPs to an interim storage facility was calculated during an assumed transportation period. Second, 24 candidate transportation scenarios were constructed by a combination of the decision factors. To construct viable yearly transportation schedules for the selected 24 scenarios, we created a spreadsheet program named TranScenario, which was developed by using MS EXCEL. TranScenario can help schedulers input shipping routes and allocate transportation casks. Also, TranScenario provides information on the cask distribution in the NPPs and in the interim storage facility automatically, by displaying it in real time according to the shipping routes, cask types and cask numbers that the user generates. Once a yearly transportation schedule is established, TranScenario provides some statistical information, such as the voyage time, the availability of the interim storage facility, the number of transported casks sent from the NPPs, and the number of transported casks received at the interim storage facility. By using this information, users can verify and validate a yearly transportation schedule. In this way, the 24 candidate scenarios could be constructed easily. Finally, these 24 scenarios were compared in terms of their operation cost.

• 한국전자거래학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.51-64
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• 2014

기업은 생존을 위해 수많은 정보 속에서 빠르게 상황을 인식하고 미래를 예측하기 위해 정량데이터 분석뿐만 아니라 비정형데이터 분석에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있으나, 철강산업에서는 아직 활발하게 활용되지는 못하고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 글로벌 철강회사인 P사(社)의 사례를 중심으로 텍스트 마이닝을 이용한 산업트렌드 분석을 시도해 경쟁사 전략, 관심국가의 시장변화, 해외사업장 여론 등을 파악 하는데 기여할 수 있다는 가능성을 발견하였다. 사례 분석은 철강산업을 10개의 카테고리로 분류하고 각각 10개의 주제를 선정하여 분석을 시도하고, 이중 의미 있는 변화를 발견하면 심층 분석하는 형태로 진행하였다. 이번 P사(社)의 사례를 통해 텍스트 마이닝을 통한 산업트렌드 분석이 더 의미 있기 위해서는 목적을 명확히 하고, 관련 키워드를 체계화한다면 경쟁사 전략 파악, 리스크관리, 정량데이터 예측 보정 등 많은 부분에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.429-434
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• 2012

With increase in operating temperature of gas turbine for higher efficiency, it is necessary to find new materials of TBC for replacement of YSZ. Among candidate materials for future TBCs, zirconate-based oxides with pyrochlore and fluorite are prevailing ones. In this study, phase structure and thermal conductivities of $(La_{1-x}Gd_x)_2Zr_2O_7$ oxide system are investigated. $(La_{1-x}Gd_x)_2Zr_2O_7$ system are comprised by selecting $La^{3+}/Gd^{3+}$ as A-site ions and $Zr^{4+}$ as B-site ion in $A_2B_2O_7$ pyrochlore structures. With powder mixture from each oxide, $(La_{1-x}Gd_x)_2Zr_2O_7$ oxides are fabricated via solid-state reaction at $1600^{\circ}C$. Either pyrochlore or fluorite or mixture of both appears after heat treatment. For the developed phases along $(La_{1-x}Gd_x)_2Zr_2O_7$ compositions, thermal conductivities are examined, with which the potential of $(La_{1-x}Gd_x)_2Zr_2O_7$ compositions for TBC application is also discussed.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.199-209
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• 2017

Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways play a key role in innate immunity, inflammation, cell proliferation, cell differentiation, and cell death. The main objective of this study was to investigate the expression level of candidate MAPK pathway genes in the intestinal mucosal layer of two genetically disparate chicken lines (Marek's disease-resistant line 6.3 and Marek's disease-susceptible line 7.2) induced with necrotic enteritis (NE). Using high-throughput RNA sequencing, we investigated 178 MAPK signaling pathway related genes that were significantly and differentially expressed between the intestinal mucosal layers of the NE-afflicted and control chickens. In total, 15 MAPK pathway genes were further measured by quantitative real-time PCR(qRT-PCR) and the results were consistent with the RNA-sequencing data. All 178 identified genes were annotated through Gene Ontology and mapped onto the KEGG chicken MAPK signaling pathway. Several key genes of the MAPK pathway, ERK1/2, JNK1-3, p38 MAPK, MAP2K1-4, $NF-{\kappa}B1/2$, c-Fos, AP-1, Jun-D, and Jun, were differentially expressed in the two chicken lines. Therefore, we believe that RNA sequencing and qRT-PCR analysis provide resourceful information for future studies on MAPK signaling of genetically disparate chicken lines in response to pathogens.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제47권6호
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• pp.678-699
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• 2015

Although the harsh space environment imposes many severe challenges to space pioneers, space exploration is a realistic and profitable goal for long-term humanity survival. One of the viable and promising options to overcome the harsh environment of space is nuclear propulsion. Particularly, the Nuclear Thermal Rocket (NTR) is a leading candidate for nearterm human missions to Mars and beyond due to its relatively high thrust and efficiency. Traditional NTR designs use typically high power reactors with fast or epithermal neutron spectrums to simplify core design and to maximize thrust. In parallel there are a series of new NTR designs with lower thrust and higher efficiency, designed to enhance mission versatility and safety through the use of redundant engines (when used in a clustered engine arrangement) for future commercialization. This paper proposes a new NTR design of the second design philosophy, Korea Advanced NUclear Thermal Engine Rocket (KANUTER), for future space applications. The KANUTER consists of an Extremely High Temperature Gas cooled Reactor (EHTGR) utilizing hydrogen propellant, a propulsion system, and an optional electricity generation system to provide propulsion as well as electricity generation. The innovatively small engine has the characteristics of high efficiency, being compact and lightweight, and bimodal capability. The notable characteristics result from the moderated EHTGR design, uniquely utilizing the integrated fuel element with an ultra heat-resistant carbide fuel, an efficient metal hydride moderator, protectively cooling channels and an individual pressure tube in an all-in-one package. The EHTGR can be bimodally operated in a propulsion mode of $100MW_{th}$ and an electricity generation mode of $100MW_{th}$, equipped with a dynamic energy conversion system. To investigate the design features of the new reactor and to estimate referential engine performance, a preliminary design study in terms of neutronics and thermohydraulics was carried out. The result indicates that the innovative design has great potential for high propellant efficiency and thrust-to-weight of engine ratio, compared with the existing NTR designs. However, the build-up of fission products in fuel has a significant impact on the bimodal operation of the moderated reactor such as xenon-induced dead time. This issue can be overcome by building in excess reactivity and control margin for the reactor design.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.216-222
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• 2017

The most prominent challenge for MOSFET scaling is to reduce power consumption; however, the supply voltage ($V_{DD}$) cannot be scaled down because of the carrier injection mechanism. To overcome this limit, a new type of field-effect transistor using positive feedback as a carrier injection mechanism (FBFET) has been proposed. In this study we have investigated the electrical characteristics of a $Si_{1-x}Ge_x$ FBFET with one gate and one-sided $Si_3N_4$ spacer using TCAD simulations. To reduce the drain bias dependency, $Si_{1-x}Ge_x$ was introduced as a low-bandgap material, and the minimum subthreshold swing was obtained as 2.87 mV/dec. This result suggests that a $Si_{1-x}Ge_x$ FBFET is a promising candidate for future low-power devices.