• Journal of Industrial Technology
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.49-55
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• 2023

Cluster tools are extensively employed in various wafer fabrication processes within the semiconductor manufacturing industry, including photo lithography, etching, and chemical vapor deposition. Contemporary fabrication facilities encounter customer orders with technical specifications that are similar yet slightly varied. Consequently, modern fabrications concurrently manufacture two or three different wafer types using a cluster tool to maximize chamber utilization and streamline the flow of wafer lots between different process stages. In this review, we introduce two methods of concurrent processing of multiple wafer types: 1) concurrent processing of multiple wafer types with different job flows, 2) concurrent processing of multiple wafer types with identical job flows. We describe relevant research trends and achievements and discuss future research directions.

• International Journal of Stem Cells
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.130-140
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• 2024

Cardiac organoids have emerged as invaluable tools for assessing the impact of diverse substances on heart function. This report introduces guidelines for general requirements for manufacturing cardiac organoids and conducting cardiac organoid-based assays, encompassing protocols, analytical methodologies, and ethical considerations. In the quest to employ recently developed three-dimensional cardiac organoid models as substitutes for animal testing, it becomes imperative to establish robust criteria for evaluating organoid quality and conducting toxicity assessments. This guideline addresses this need, catering to regulatory requirements, and describes common standards for organoid quality and toxicity assessment methodologies, commensurate with current technological capabilities. While acknowledging the dynamic nature of technological progress and the potential for future comparative studies, this guideline serves as a foundational framework. It offers a comprehensive approach to standardized cardiac organoid testing, ensuring scientific rigor, reproducibility, and ethical integrity in investigations of cardiotoxicity, particularly through the utilization of human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiac organoids.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.238-248
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• 2000

Facilities are getting more automated and informative in modern manufacturing systems, especially in semiconductor and LCD plants. These systems keep a great deal of such information on its current and near-future status as the arrival time and job completion time of their parts. This paper presents an efficient policy for AGV and part routing using information on the future status of the system where AGVs are playing a central role for material handling. Efficient control of AGVs is very important because AGV systems often become the bottleneck and limit the total production capacity of a very expensive plant. The cell controller records the future events chronologically in Next Event Schedule, and uses this list to determine to which place the AGVs and parts to be sent.

• Journal of Hydrogen and New Energy
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.152-161
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• 2024

In this study, a fuel cell system for future defense unmanned vehicles was designed and validated. A Co/Al₂O₃-Ni foam catalyst for NaBH₄ hydrolysis was characterized using several analytical methods. A NaBH₄ hydrogen generation system with the Co/Al₂O₃-Ni foam catalyst continuously generated hydrogen at elevated reaction temperatures. The fuel cell system with the NaBH₄ hydrogen generation system was designed and tested. The performance of the fuel cell system was comparable to that of the fuel cell system using pure hydrogen. Therefore, the fuel cell system with the NaBH₄ hydrogen generation system is a suitable power source for future defense unmanned vehicles owing to its easy refueling and simple system.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.21-25
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• 2016

The automotive vehicle is made through the following processes such as press shop, welding shop, paint shop, and general assembly. Among them, the most important process to determine the quality of the car body is the welding process. Generally, more than 400 pressed panels are welded to make BIW (Body In White) by using the RSW (Resistance Spot Welding) and GMAW (Gas Metal Arc Welding). Recently, as the needs of light-weight material due to the $CO_2$ emission issue and fuel efficiency, new joining technologies for aluminum, CFRP (Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic) and etc. are needed. Aluminum parts are assembled by the spot welding, clinching, and SPR (Self Piercing Rivet) and friction stir welding process. Structural adhesive boning is another main joining method for light-weight materials. For example, one piece aluminum shock absorber housing part is made by die casting process and is assembled with conventional steel part by SPR and adhesive bond. Another way to reduce the amount of the car body weight is to use AHSS (Advanced High Strength Steel) panel including hot stamping boron alloyed steel. As the new materials are introduced to car body joining, productivity and quality have become more critical. Productivity improvement technology and adaptive welding control are essential technology for the future manufacturing environment.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.1117-1128
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• 2015

In order to secure an important competitive advantage in manufacturing business, an automation and information system from manufacturing process has been introduced; however, small and medium enterprises have not met the power of information in the manufacturing fields. They have been managing the manufacturing process that is depending on the operator's experience and data written by hand, which has limits to reveal cause of defective goods clearly, in the case of happening of low-grade goods. In this study, we analyze critical factors which affect the quality of some manufacturing process in terms of 4M. We also studied the automobile parts processing of the small and medium manufacturing enterprises controlled with data written by hand so as to collect the data written by hand and to utilize sensor data in the future. Analysis results show that there is no deference in defective quantity in machines, while raw materials, production quality and task tracking have significant deference.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.41-47
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• 2021

Manufacturing is facing radical changes around the world. The manufacturing industry, which has been changing since Germany, is now being introduced, improved, and developed worldwide by manufacturers under the name of smart factory. By utilizing IT technologies such as artificial intelligence and cloud at the production site, the desire to break away from the past manufacturing environment is increasing. How these technologies will be efficient in the future, manufacturing worldwide now faces radical changes. The manufacturing industry, which has been changing since Germany, is now being introduced, improved, and developed worldwide by manufacturers under the name of smart factory. By utilizing IT technologies such as artificial intelligence and cloud at the production site, the desire to break away from the past manufacturing environment is increasing. Discussions continue on how these technologies can be used efficiently and effectively. Increasingly, the expansion of the range from factory areas to regions, countries, and around the world raises the need for international standards for interactions. In this paper, we propose a design and implementation method for managing facilities, sensors, etc. as assets and monitoring facility data collected through OPC UA.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.58-65
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• 2022

The field of liquid crystal display (LCD) is constantly in the spotlight and the process of depositing an alignment layer in the LCD manufacturing process is very important to obtain excellent performance such as low-power driving and high-speed response to improve LCD performance. Therefore, research on liquid crystal (LC) alignment is being actively conducted. When manufacturing LCD, it is necessary to consider the effect of the alignment layer thickness as one of the factors affecting various LCD performances. In addition, previous studies confirmed the LC alignment characteristics correlate with the rotation speed in the spin coating process. Therefore, the electro-optical properties of the LCD were investigated by manufacturing a polyimide alignment layer by varying the rotation speed in the spin coating process in this study. It was confirmed that the thickness of the polyimide alignment layer was controlled according to the spin coating conditions. The average transmittances of anti-parallel LC cells at the spin coating speed of 2,500 rpm and 3,000 rpm are about 60%, which indicates that the LC cell has relatively higher performance. At the spin coating speed of 3,000 rpm, the voltage-transmittance curve of twisted nematic (TN) LC cell was below 1.5 V, which means that the TN LC cell operated at a low power. In addition, high-speed operating characteristics were confirmed with a response time of less than 30 ms. From these derived data, we confirmed that the ideal spin coating speed is 3,000 rpm. And these results provide an optimized polyimide alignment layer process when considering enhanced future LCD manufacturing.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1988.10a
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• pp.627-632
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• 1988

Through the introduction and understanding of the total system design and the system integration for sounding rocket with the purpose of the pure scientific research, that is, atmospheric research, resources observation, space observation and etc, the system will be operated easily, readily and effectively in the development and manufacturing of launching vehicles for the scientific satellite and communication satellite in the future.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.13 no.21
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• pp.11-18
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• 1990

Because of the descent trend of the recent oil price and the ascent elements of the manufacturing price of public coal. the future demand of public coal is very obscured. In this paper, forecast the public coal demand by the regression analysis method reflected the policy and economic index of alternative energies.