• 제목/요약/키워드: furrows

검색결과 55건 처리시간 0.029초

전안촬영시스템을 이용한 주름 측정의 재현성 평가 (Reproducibility Assessment of Skin Furrows Measurement using Facial Skin Photographing System)

  • 이승륜;이윤규;박서영;고경모;이윤경;김재수;이봉효;임성철;정태영;이경민
    • Journal of Acupuncture Research
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    • 제25권1호
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    • pp.187-197
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    • 2008
  • Objectives : The purpose of this study was to assess the reproducibility of measurement of facial skin furrows using a facial skin photographing system. Methods : Subjects were 19 patients who visited the department of acupuncture and moxsibustion, at the hospital of Oriental medical college, at Daegu Haany University for the cosmetic acupuncture treatment during August 2007 to 31th August 2007. The facial skin photograph of each participant was analyzed a total of six times in two days using DM-3(a facial skin photographing system). The square and counts of skin furrows were also measured for each one. As the statistical method, Pearson's correlation coefficient and repeated measured ANOVA were used. Results : The Pearson's correlation coefficient, it showed significantly high correlation in both the square and count of skin furrows for each analysis time. Repeated measured ANOVA showed no significant differences among analyses in both square and count of skin furrows. Conclusions : This study reveales that the measurement of the count and square of facial skin furrows by facial skin photograph analysis has high reproducibility. DM-3(a facial skin photographing system) can be useful for the evaluation of facial skin furrows in facial cosmetic acupuncture.

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미소안면침 시술 후 안면 주름 측정값 변화에 대한 임상적 고찰 (Clinical Study on Facial Skin Furrow Measurement Changes after Miso Facial Rejuvenation Acupuncture)

  • 권나현;김찬영;신예지;서산;송정화;백용현;우현수;박동석
    • Journal of Acupuncture Research
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    • 제26권6호
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    • pp.133-140
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    • 2009
  • Objectives : Miso facial rejuvenation acupuncture is a Korean medical treatment technique for face lifting. The authors aimed to evaluate the effects of Miso facial rejuvenation acupuncture on facial skin furrows. Methods : 11 patients who made first visits to Hyo-Jun Korean Medical Clinic from October 1, 2009 to October 25, 2009 were each given one-time treatment of Miso facial rejuvenation acupuncture treatment. A portable fluorescent dermal diagnostic equipment, ECOSKIN, was used to measure extraocular skin furrows and perioral skin furrows width and depth before and after treatment. Results : Mean width and depth of both the extraocular and perioral skin furrows decreased after one-time Miso facial rejuvenation acupuncture treatment. Extraocular skin furrow width, depth, and perioral skin furrow width showed statistically significant decreases(p=0.003, 0.017, 0.041 respectively). Conclusions : Mean depth and width of both the extraocular and perioral skin furrows decreased after receiving Miso facial rejuvenation acupuncture treatment. Miso facial rejuvenation acupuncture may be an effective treatment for improving wrinkles in clinic.

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경사지밭에있어 이랑방향이 농지보전에 미치는 영향 (Studies on the Effect of Soil Conservation According to the Direction of Furrows in the Slope Land.)

  • 한욱동
    • 한국농공학회지
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    • 제11권3호
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    • pp.1719-1723
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    • 1969
  • In this country, farmers lay out furrows in the direction which is considered by their own judgement to be convenient for cultivation without paying much attention for soil erosion. The direction of furrow has considerable effects on soil and water losses. In this experiment, it is intedned to observe the differences of soil and water losses in different directions of furrows of sloped fields so that the results thus obtained could be informed to farmers who should be careful in determining furrow direction for soil erosion control. Some the major experimental results are summarized as follows: The direction of furrows did not affect so much on the runoffs in a gentle slope, as the runoff is 509 ton/10a in the contouring plot, $51^{\circ}$/ton/10a in the 45-degree plot, and 560 ton/10a in the up-and-down hill plot. The contouring plot among the three plots had best effect on soil conservation, as the soil losses are 5.8 ton/10a in the contouring plot, 9.3 ton/10a in the 45 degree plot, and 10.2 ton/10a in the up-and-down hill plot.

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Novel technique for preventing make up deterioration using performance materials

  • Miyazawa, Masakazu;Nishikata, Kazuhiro;Mohri, Kunihiko
    • 대한화장품학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 대한화장품학회 2003년도 IFSCC Conference Proceeding Book II
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    • pp.370-378
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    • 2003
  • MFD (Make up Film Deterioration) is a gradual deterioration of applied make up and is a common problem experienced by most foundation users. Our investigation revealed that for 64% of all make up users MFD is their greatest consern is using foundations. Known that the primary cause of MFD is sebum secretion. We observed that the length of time prior to onset of MFD in people who produce high level of sebum varies significantly from person to person. This suggests that other factors besides quantity of sebum production can affect MFD. Control over this factor would, we believe, be key to developing longer-lasting makeups. We studied the relationship between MFD and skin surface conditions. Our study revealed that furrows on the skin surface affect MFD significantly. Sebum reaches the skin surface from sebaceous glands and flows along furrow on the skin. If there are many deep furrows, it takes longer for sebum to overflow. But if the furrows are few or shallow, sebum quickly overflows and spreads over the skin surface where it can degrade the make up film. Therefore even when the volume of sebum produced is the same, the rate of MFD will be different depending on the number and shape of the furrows. A longer-lasting foundation could be produced by matching personal skin condition, but this would be very difficult because individual variations in texture are very large. Therefore we approached the problem by attempting to impose sebum resistance in under make up and foundation. We have developed two new materials and make up products based on our theory. A new fluoroalkyl acrylate-methacrylates copolymer designed for incorporation in under make up is extremely sebum resistant and sweat proof. Another new acrylate polymer designed for inclusion in foundation absorbs sebum and changes to a solid. Usage tests confirm it is possible to reduce MFD by using under make up and foundation which incorporate our new materials to cover where skin furrows are few or shallow

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Stereo image를 이용한 Skin furrows에 대한 연구 (Evaluation of Skin Furrows using Stereo image)

  • 안혜정;김민기;문종섭;오칠환
    • 대한의용생체공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 대한의용생체공학회 1996년도 춘계학술대회
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    • pp.36-40
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    • 1996
  • There are two prevailing techniques, mechanical and optical profilometers, to measure 3-dimensional configurations of the human skin furrows. The methods have some limitations such as, accuracies or resolutions of the acquired 3-dimensional data and consistencies according to the repeated experiments. We devised an optical profilometer that is called stereo image optical profilometer (SOP) based on stereo image processing techniques. A stereo image is a pair of images that obtained from two cameras which have different angles. From the digital stereo images, the clinical informations for skin can be obtained by some signal processing techniques. In this paper, we focused on the 3-dimensional graphical visualizations of the structures and state of the skin furrows by solving the corresponding problem from the left and right pairs of the stereo images.

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한국의 기반암 하상 침식 지형 연구 (A review and new view on the study on minor erosional forms in bedrock channels in Korea)

  • 김종연
    • 한국지형학회지
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    • 제18권4호
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    • pp.35-57
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    • 2011
  • 포트홀로 대표되는 기반암 하상에 발달하는 다양한 침식 지형은 전문 연구자들의 연구 대상일 뿐만 아니라 일반인들에게 지형학의 학문적 중요성을 인식하게 하는 중요한 대상이다. 본 고에서는 우리나라에서 이뤄진 기반암 하상에 발달하는 지형들에 대한 연구들의 내용을 정리하고 소개하여 현황을 파악하고자 한다. 또한 기반암 하상지형의 발달과 관련된 공동현상, 굴식, 수문쐐기, 퇴적물 입자에 의한 마식 등과 같은 프로세스들과 관련된 지형들을 정리하여 소개하고자 한다. 최근에 해외 학계에서 논의되는 퍼로우, 플루트, 러넬 등과 같은 하상 지형의 특성과 형성 과정을 소개하고자 한다. 이러한 지형들은 풍화 기원의 지형들과 명확히 구분되어야 할 것으로 보인다. 또한 앞으로 우리나라의 기반암 하상 미지형 연구가 집중해야 할 과제인 하천 지형 침식 과정에 대한 기능지형학적 연구와 실험 연구의 중요성을 강조하였다. 또한 우주기원핵종을 이용한 침식률의 직접 추정과 같은 앞으로의 연구 방향을 제시하였다.

Efficacy Evaluation of Anti-wrinkle Products in Japan

  • Masaki Hitoshi
    • 대한화장품학회지
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    • 제29권2호
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    • pp.67-77
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    • 2003
  • Two categories of cosmetic products, cosmetics and quasi-drugs, have been established by the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare (MHLW) in Japan. Japanese pharmaceutical law has defined that products categorized as cosmetics do not exhibit any effects on human skin. In fact, cosmetic products are not permitted to claim any efficacy. On the other hand, products in the quasi-drug category can claim several efficacies such as anti-inflammatory effects, whitening/lightning effects, hair growth effects and so on. Unfortunately, the Japanese MHLW has not yet approved the efficacy of anti-aging/anti-wrinkle effects as a claim point. However, the population is aging, and the demand for anti-aging/anti-wrinkle products is increasing year by year. Japanese cosmetic companies have proposed to the MHLW that anti-aging/anti-wrinkle agents be approved as a claim concept of a quasi-drug. However, unified evaluation methods for anti-aging/anti-wrinkle effects have not been established. Currently, each company evaluates the efficacy of products/materials using their own original methods. Thus, to request approval of the MHLW, the establishment of a unified evaluation method is needed. Consequently, the Japan Cosmetic Industry Association (JCIA) has established a task force to develop guidelines for evaluating anti-wrinkle effects in 1998. In conclusion, the JCIA would like to adopt visual and image analysis scales to evaluate the anti-wrinkle effects objectively. Generally, wrinkles are roughly classified into three groups as fine wrinkles, linear deep wrinkles and crow's feet. However, academic societies of dermatology or cosmetics have not yet established a definition of wrinkles in Japan. Thus, in advance of setting up an evaluation method, the definition of wrinkles f3r evaluation must be decided. Wrinkles are defined by the task force of the JCIA as follows; furrows that people can recognize visually and that appear on the forehead, the corners of the eyes and the backs of the neck with aging. In addition, furrows are emphasized by exposure to solar light and by dry conditions. Visual evaluation is the most sensitive method and can be applied to most types of wrinkles. However, visual evaluation is hard to express digitally as results. Besides, in the case of image analysis, comparisons of data obtained from distinct examinations can not be done, because data from image analysis are relative values. Thus, to enhance the reliability of the evaluations, the adoption of an objective scale was required. The principle of the evaluation method is to analyze images taken from silicone replicas of wrinkle areas using several parameters, such as the proportion of the wrinkle $area({\%})$, the mean depth of the wrinkles (mm), the mean depth of the deepest wrinkle (m) and the deepest point on the deepest wrinkle. Lights are shown on the skin replica from an orthogonal direction of the main orientation of the wrinkle, and the resulting shadow images are quantified by the image analysis method. To increase the precision of the data or to allow comparisons of independent examinations, a scale with furrows of several depths, 200, 400, 600, 800, and $1000{\mu}m$, is adapted in the evaluation system. I will explain the guidelines established by the JCIA in the presentation.

백작약 열수추출물의 피부노화 억제 효과 (II) -주름형성 억제 효과를 중심으로- (Inhibitory Effects of Peonia japonica Water Extract on Skin Aging (II) - Focussed on Inhibitory Effects of Wrinkle Formation-)

  • 권미화;최소영;김영철
    • Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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    • 제24권2호
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    • pp.169-178
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    • 2009
  • To investigate the inhibitory effects of Peonia japonica water extract(PJWE) on skin wrinkle formation, skin wrinkles were induced by both the irradiation of UVB and the application of squalene monohydroperoxide to the backs of hairless mice for 4 weeks. And at the same time experimental materials were applied topically. Wrinkles for the control (C) group were formed as a pattern of deep furrows and thick crests. Whereas wrinkles for the positive control (PC, 0.01% retinoic acid) and experimental(E, PJWE) groups were formed as a pattern of shallow furrows and thin crests, which were similar to that of the normal(N) group. Collagen and elastic fibers in dermis of the PC and E groups were almost intact with a regular arrangement, which were similar to those of the N group. The activity of xanthine oxidase, the free radical generating enzyme, was significantly lower in the E group than the C and PC groups. The activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase, the free radical scavenging enzymes, were much higher in the E group than the C and PC groups and similar to the N group. As for the amount of matrix metalloproteinase-3(MMP-3) expression, PC and E groups were significantly lower than the C group. Therefore, PJWE could be very effective natural herbal material for the inhibition or improvement of wrinkle formation in hairless mice skin.

프랑킨센스 오일의 피부노화 억제 효과 (I) - 육안적 관찰을 중심으로 - (Inhibition Effects of Frankincense Oil on Skin Aging (I) : Focussed on Gross Examination)

  • 최외숙;권미화;김영철
    • Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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    • 제23권2호
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    • pp.119-127
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    • 2008
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of frankincense oil in a skin aging animal model. Skin aging was induced by both the irradiation of UVB and the application of squalene monohydroperoxide (Sq-OOH) to the back of experimental animals for 4 weeks. And at the same time experimental materials were applied topically. Six to seven weeks female SHR-1 hairless mice were divided into five groups including normal (N: saline), control (C: UVB+Sq-OOH+saline), vehicle control (VC: UVB+Sq-OOH+jojoba oil), positive control (PC: UVB+Sq-OOH+0.01% retinoic acid) and experimental (E: UVB+Sq-OOH+3% Frankincense oil) groups, five animals each group. The skin erythema index for the PC and E groups were lower than that of the C group. Whereas, both the lipid and water capacities for the PC and E groups were higher than those of the C group. Wrinkles for the C group were formed as a pattern of deep furrows and thick crests. Whereas, wrinkles for the PC and E groups were formed as a pattern of shallow furrows and thin crests which were similar to that of the N group. As for the both absolute and relative weight of the spleen, the PC group were significantly higher than the other groups. In conclusion, frankincense oil can be used practically for the prevention or improvement of skin aging in terms of health promotion and beauty for the people.

A Study on the Utilization of Urban Garden Design Derived from the Traditional Farming Method Gyeonjongbeop from the Joseon Period: Focused on Imwongyeongjeji Bolliji

  • Hong, In-Kyoung;Yun, Hyung-Kwon;Chae, Young;Lee, Sang-Mi;Jung, Young-Bin;Lee, Mi-Ra
    • 인간식물환경학회지
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    • 제23권4호
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    • pp.423-432
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    • 2020
  • Background and objective: Traditional farming is winning recognition as a sustainable alternative farming method. As urban farming increases in South Korea, it is crucial to develop more sustainable farming techniques. Gyeonjongbeop is the traditional farming method introduced in the Joseon period. This study was conducted to propose a productive garden model suitable for urban farming through the interpretation of traditional farming methods contained in Imwongyeongjeji Bolliji and to test the model on an actual field. Methods: Using the design and cropping system of Gyeonjongbeop as the research materials, we reviewed its tillage and cultivation and examined the applicability. We proposed a modified method by extracting parts applicable to urban farming. According to the methods, we created a garden with ridges and furrows, cultivated proper vegetables, and evaluated their growth. Results: Raphanus sativus, Allium fistulosum L., Brassica juncea, and Spinacia oleracea grown on ridges showed higher growth than those grown on a conventional flat field. The growth of Hordeum vulgare var. hexastichon and Triticum aestivum L. on furrows was also slightly higher. This proved that the method could make up for the deficiencies of barley and wheat that are weak against winds and cold and are easily destroyed by the spring rains. Conclusion: Ridge and furrow cultivation derived from Gyeonjongbeop can be an efficient urban farming system compared to the conventional cultivation in flat fields. The system can use fallow lands in winter for year-round urban farming. In addition, the application of the traditional farming system can enhance the humanistic value of urban farming.