• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제25권7호
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• pp.623-633
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• 2024

This study systematically reviewed the role of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in the assessment of molecular prognostic biomarkers in breast cancer, focusing on the correlation of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) with hormone receptor status and prognostic biomarkers. Our meta-analysis includes data from 52 studies examining ADC values in relation to estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PgR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), and Ki-67 status. The results indicated significant differences in ADC values among different receptor statuses, with ER-positive, PgR-positive, HER2-negative, and Ki-67-positive tumors having lower ADC values compared to their negative counterparts. This study also highlights the potential of advanced DWI techniques such as intravoxel incoherent motion and non-Gaussian DWI to provide additional insights beyond ADC. Despite these promising findings, the high heterogeneity among the studies underscores the need for standardized DWI protocols to improve their clinical utility in breast cancer management.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제52권2호
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• pp.337-343
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• 2020

Oxide dispersed strengthened (ODS) steel is an important candidate for Gen-IV reactors. Oxide embedded in Fe can help to trap irradiation defects and enhances the strength of steel. It was observed in this study that the size of oxide has a profound impact on the depinning mechanism. For smaller sizes, the oxide acts as a void; thus, letting the dislocation bypass without any shear. On the other hand, oxides larger than 2 nm generate new dislocation segments around themselves. The depinning is similar to that of Orowan mechanism and the strengthening effect is likely to be greater for larger oxides. It was found that higher shear deformation rates produce more fine-tuned stress-strain curve. Both molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and BKS (Bacon-Knocks-Scattergood) model display similar characteristics whereby establishing an inverse relation between the depinning stress and the obstacle distance. It was found that (110)_oxide || (111)_Fe (oriented oxide) also had similar characteristics as that of (100)_oxide || (111)_Fe but resulted in an increased depinning stress thereby providing greater resistance to dislocation bypass. Our simulation results concluded that critical depinning stress depends significantly on the size and orientation of the oxide.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.151-172
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• 2008

This study searched fundamental basis of four-constitution medicine from the principle of "Yeokgyeong(易經)" that is scientific foundations of Dongmu(東武) Ijema(李濟馬)'s four-constitution medicine based on system of "Yeokgyeong(易經)" and looked into the principle of our-constitution medicine ontologically. That is to say, the translation of five phase(五行) that represented in "Hwangjenaegyeong(黃帝內經)" regulated that substance of five phase is spleen-earth(脾土). But four-constitution medicine mentions the substance as heart-earth(心土) in place of spleen-earth. Because of it's standpoint, the differences on meanings between spleen-earth and heart-earth on the substance of five-phase becomes motive to interpret scientific system of four-constitution medicine fundamental wrongly. For that reason, the research of this title is needed. The results was summarized as follows. First, in ontological view point of structure of four-constitution, five phase is substance and phenomenon, in other words it includes earth of unrevealed substance and wood, fire, metal and water of self-manifestation of existence. Second, in axiological view point, the four-constitution represent principles and contents of four virtues of human nature. And so the innate four virtues ontologically based on four-constitution of heaven. Therefore a human being is endowed innately benevolence, courtesy, justice, intelligence of four virtues. Third, the concept of greater and lesser of Eum(陰, yin) and Yang(陽, yang) in Dongmu(東武)'s four-constitution medicine is four-constitution in "Yeokgyeong(易經)". Greater principle(太極) and four-constitution is a relation of substance and phenomenon. Fourth, the origin and structure of four-constitution medicine includes the structure and principle of natural philosophical Eumyang and four-constitution, the human-centric theory and sciences of human nature and natural laws and medical experience of traditional oriental medicine and medical principle.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.515-522
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• 2008

본 연구는 보건복지부의 "2006년 사회복지시설평가"를 기초 자료로 하여 우리나라의 노인복지시설(무료시설인 양로, 요양 및 전문요양시설을 중심)을 대상으로 노인복지시설평가에 영향을 미치는 요인을 분석하고, 그 뜻을 해석하였다. 실증분석 결과 노인복지시설 운영요인은 모든 시설이 시설 및 환경, 조직운영 및 인사. 서비스 질, 지역사회 관계 모두 유의하게 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 그 중 중요성을 나타내는 표준회귀계수는 서비스 질 변수가 노인복지시설평가라는 종속변수에 가장 좋은 설명력을 나타내 서비스의 질 중심으로의 개선이 요구된다. 노인복지시설 자원요인은 모든 시설에서 법인전입금은 유의하게 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났으며, 후원금은 양로시설을 제외하고 유의하게 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 정부보조금은 전문요양시설에서 유의하게 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으나 역의 설명력을 보이고 있어 정부보조금 지원의 효과가 없는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국우주과학회:학술대회논문집(한국우주과학회보)
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• 한국우주과학회 2009년도 한국우주과학회보 제18권2호
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• pp.36.2-36.2
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• 2009

We present GALEX (Galaxy Evolution Explorer) far (FUV) and near (NUV) ultraviolet imaging of 34 nearby early-type galaxies from the SAURON representative sample of 48 E/S0 galaxies, all of which have ground-based optical imaging from the MDM Observatory. The surface brightness profiles of nine galaxies (~26 per cent) show regions with blue UV-optical colours suggesting recent star formation. Five of these (~15 per cent) show blue integrated UV-optical colours that set them aside in the NUV integrated colour-magnitude relation. These are objects with either exceptionally intense and localised NUV fluxes or blue UV-optical colours throughout. They also have other properties confirming they have had recent star formation, in particular Hbeta absorption higher than expected for a quiescent population and a higher CO detection rate. This suggests that residual star formation is more common in early-type galaxies than we are used to believe. NUV-blue galaxies are generally drawn from the lower stellar velocity dispersion (sigma_e <200 km/s) and thus lower dynamical mass part of the sample. We have also constructed the first UV Fundamental Planes and show that NUV blue galaxies bias the slopes and increase the scatters. If they are eliminated the fits get closer to expectations from the virial theorem. Although our analysis is based on a limited sample, it seems that a dominant fraction of the tilt and scatter of the UV Fundamental Planes is due to the presence of young stars in preferentially low-mass early-type galaxies.

• 한국철학논집
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• 제35호
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• pp.7-42
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• 2012

호락논쟁의 핵심 쟁점은 '담연허명(湛然虛明)한 심(心)'과 '청탁수박(淸濁粹駁)이 뒤섞인 기질(氣質)'의 관계를 어떻게 설명하느냐 하는 것이었다. 호론(湖論)에서는 기질(氣質)을 '심(心)의 재질(才質)'로 보아 심(心)과 기질(氣質)을 동위(同位)로 규정했으며, 낙론(洛論)에서는 기질(氣質)을 '이목구비(耳目口鼻)의 형기(形氣)'로 보아 심(心)과 기질(氣質)을 이위(異位)로 규정한 것이다. 그런데 낙론(洛論)의 이위론(異位論)은 이심이성론(二心二性論)에 빠짐은 물론, 성리학의 전반적 체계와도 크게 어긋나는 것이다. 그렇다면 우리는 호론(湖論)의 주장처럼 심(心)과 기질(氣質)을 동위(同位)로 이해해야 할 것이다. 문제는 호론(湖論)이 심(心)과 기질(氣質)을 동위(同位)로 규정하는 데 그치지 않고 동시(同時)로 규정했다는 점이다. 호론(湖論)의 주장처럼 심(心)(담연허명(湛然虛明))과 기질(氣質)(청탁수박(淸濁粹駁))을 동위동시(同位同時)로 규정하면, 인간의 심(心) 성(性)에서 '순선(純善)의 가능근거'를 확보하기 어려운바, 그리하여 낙론(洛論)에서는 호론(湖論)에 대해 "순자(荀子)의 성악설(性惡說)이나 양웅(揚雄)의 성선악혼설(性善惡混說)과 같다"고 비판했던 것이다. 한말(韓末)의 유학자 성암(醒菴) 이철영(李喆榮)은 '담연허명한 심(心)'과 '청탁수박이 뒤섞인 기질(氣質)'의 관계, 즉 '중저미발(中底未發)'과 '부중저미발(不中底未發)'의 관계를 '동위이시(同位異時)'로 규정했는바, 동위이시론(同位異時論)이야말로 심(心)과 기질(氣質)의 관계에 대한 정확한 해명이었던 것이다.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.217-226
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• 1994

Cloth culture is one of the basic unit of constructing man's culture in a life of human being. One of the fundamental elements to construct cloth culture is the silk-fabric from the ancient time-Sam Han period B.C 2∼4 Korea. This study is to survey the growing aspects of the silk-fabric influence Goguryo & Bakje dynasty. It is an attempt to manifest that how silk-fabric influence through a trade or as means of currency between the two nations at that time. through a trade or as means of currency between the two nations at that time. To certify I use material such as San guo zhi, Hou Han han shu from China Samkuksaki Dong-kuk-tong-gam from Korea and NiHon Shoki from Japen and I concerned the cultural relations of politics economics and socity of the two dynastics so as to prove a relations of politics economics and socity of the two dynastics so as to prove a relative relation between the two. It is reached to the conclusion that silk fabric had been a constituent role at cloth culture at that time of Goguryo & Bakje. It is pointed out that silk-fabric had been an important role to construct the culture of social economic and politic through a trade and as a precious currency.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.145-155
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• 1997

The purpose of this study is to analyze the body type of children's, especially torso, and to provide the fundamental data for children's clothing construction which can reflect the characteristics of their bodies. The subjects for photographic measurements are 308 elementary school children aged from 6 to 8 living in Seoul and urban area. Anthropometric measurements were performed indirectly from the pictures of subjects. The data were analyzed statistically using SPSSWIN. The results obtained from this study are as follows: 1. Through one-way ANOVA, items for heights, breaths, weight reveals the significant differences according to ages and genders. 2. Through Pearson correlation, it turns out that there are high correlation between any items of heights, but there is no correlation for item of shoulder inclination with any other items. 3. Through factor analysis of principal component model, six factors were extracted which covers 83.6% of the whole information. The first factor represents the items of heights which relates with linearity. The second factor describes the items of breaths, depths, and weight in relation with laterality. The third factor were gathered with depths of front and back in relation with posture of side, which proves as important one to characterize the children's torso. The other factors represents the items of posture of neck, depths in neck, shoulder inclination, respectively. 4. Through one-way ANOVA in factor by group, and Scheffe multi comparison test for each group, the factor 1 that is related with linearity reveals the significant differences according to ages and genders.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제53권6호
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• pp.31-41
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• 2011

This study was conducted to predict future land-cover changes under climate change scenarios and to cluster analysis of regional land-cover characteristics. To simulate the future land-cover according to climate change scenarios - A1B, A2, and B1 of the Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES), Dyna-CLUE (Conversion of Land Use Change and its Effects) was applied for modeling of competition among land-use types in relation with socioeconomic and biophysical driving factors. Gyeonggi-do were selected as study areas. The simulation results from 2010 to 2040 suggested future land-cover changes under the scenario conditions. All scenarios resulted in a gradual decrease in paddy area, while upland area continuously increased. A1B scenario showed the highest increase in built-up area, but all scenarios showed only slight changes in forest area. As a result of cluster analysis with the land-cover component scores, 31 si/gun in Gyeonggi-do were classified into three clusters. This approach is expected to be useful for evaluating and simulating land-use changes in relation to development constraints and scenarios. The results could be used as fundamental basis for providing policy direction by considering regional land-cover characteristics.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.43-50
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• 2009

Since then where the public housing comes in into Korea many there was development and change. The Mapo apartment in Seoul which is built at 1962 is the first apartment and case of Jeollabuk-do before being built at 1978, the Dongyang apartment Jeongju is the beginning. Before the residential supply ratio which gives already passes over 100% and of 80% or more of the house which is supplied is composed with the public housing. Therefore the expansion which is quantitative increased enough and also the degree of satisfaction improved about the people who lives in the house. From the research which sees consequently currently in the object satisfaction under investigating boil the specialists who from the small and medium-sized town and city have a many experience from construction field about the house. The result in future there is the goal provides the fundamental data which the quality of the house presents the direction which will advance about the public housing with base and improves.