• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.55-63
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• 2001

This paper describes a methodology of product function deployment for understanding product functions and generating systematic functional relation charts. The product function deployment is based on the designer's understanding of product functions. The method involves following steps: 1) definition of product primary function and flows of energy, material, and information, 2) construction of a product tree using key parts, 3) definition of functions and interactions of the functional units, 4) construction of 'from-to' relation matrices, 5) grouping of the parts, and 6) construction of functional relation charts. With this approach, functional relation charts can be generated such that complex product functions are easily understood. The functional relation chart of a refrigerator is generated as an example.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1992.10b
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• pp.334-339
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• 1992

This study is concerned how to construct a model of life as physical/ mathematical representation. This model is called here a bionic model and vibrating potential field is introduced as fundamental world background of the model. Namely, required information creating/ processing/ controlling are done on this field. Especially this paper reports how to realize the simulation of a bionic self organization and its functional expression based on the mutual actions among a set of life units.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.191-199
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• 2006

Effective management of business processes is a crucial issue to every enterprise in e-business environment. What's needed is a new framework of applications that can automatically manage distributed and heterogeneous business processes that span multiple functions of a company. In this paper, we propose technical design of a new enactment model that can coordinate such business process that involves multiple functional units or even multiple companies. In our approach, a process model is decomposed into several structural units, called 'process block', according to their procedural characteristics. Each of them is controlled by autonomous enactment units that can communicate with each other using a mutually agreed coordination protocol. The protocol takes the use of 'associative communication' concept, which allows the autonomy for each unit and secure the correctness of process execution.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.18-23
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• 2013

The purpose of this work was to investigate the several functional characteristics of Lactobacillus sakei JK-17 isolated from long-term fermented kimchi, Muk Eun Ji. Initially, phylogenetic analysis using 16S rRNA sequencing was performed to identify the isolate JK-17, and the strain could be assigned to Lactobacillus sakei and designated as L. sakei JK-17. The strain was registered in GenBank as [JX841311]. The changes of bacterial growth and residual organic acids were monitored and HPLC was used to measure quantitatively two organic acids, lactic acid and acetic acid, produced in the culture during 84 hours of incubation. During the incubation period, several functional characteristics of L. sakei JK-17 were examined. L. sakei JK-17 culture depleted nitrite concentration 94.75%. Antioxidant activity of cultural supernatants of L. sakei JK-17 was approx. 53.8%, and ${\beta}$-galactosidase activities were 0.243 units/mL at pH 7.0 and 0.387 units/mL at pH 4.1, respectively. The antibacterial activities against food-poisoning causing bacteria were examined with 20-fold concentrated culture supernatants from L. sakei JK-17 and the antibacterial effects were clearly observed against all bacteria tested in this work.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.1861-1866
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• 2012

The new semiconducting copolymers with 4,4-dialkyl-$4H$-cyclopenta[2,1-$b$:3,4-$b^{\prime}$]dithiophene and 2,2-dimethyl-$2H$-benzimidazole units were synthesized. The fused aromatic rings, such as cyclopentadithiophene (CPDT) unit, can make the polymer backbone more rigid and coplanar, which induces long conjugation length, narrow band gap, and strong intermolecular ${\pi}-{\pi}$ interaction. The stacking ability was controlled through attaching of linear or branched alkyl side chains. The spectra of PEHCPDTMBI and PHCPDTMBI in the solid films show absorption bands with maximum peaks at 401, 759 and 407, 768 nm, and the absorption onsets at 925 and 954 nm, corresponding to band gaps of 1.34 and 1.30 eV, respectively. The devices comprising PHCPDTMBI with $TiO_X$ showed a $V_{OC}$ of 0.39 V, a $J_{SC}$ of 1.14 $mA/cm^2$, and a $FF$ of 0.34, giving a power conversion efficiency of 0.15%. The PHCPDTMBI with linear alkyl chain on CPDT shows good solubility in organic solvent with higher PCE value than that of PEHCPDTMBI.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.134-140
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• 2019

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of exercise therapy and bedside ergometer exercise on muscle strength, function level, and quality of life of persons in intensive care. Design: Randomized Controlled Trial Methods: Sixteen patients in the ICU were randomly assigned to either the exercise group (n=8) or the bedside cycle ergometer group (n=8). Activities in the ICU exercise group (rolling, sitting at the edge of the bed, transfer from sitting to standing, standing balance training, ambulation) and bedside cycle ergometer group were performed 5 times a week for 30 minutes during the ICU admission period. Medical Research Council (MRC) and Functional Status Scale-Intensive Care Unit (FSS-ICU) parameters were assessed at the time of admission to the ICU, and reevaluation was assessed on the day of ICU discharge. The Short Form-36 (SF-36) was assessed at the time of discharge from the ICU. Results: MRC and FSS-ICU were significantly increased before and after intervention in both the experimental and control groups (p<0.05). There was a significant difference between MRC and FSS-ICU in the comparison of the changes before and after the intervention (p<0.05). SF-36 was compared between groups after intervention and there was a significant difference between the experimental and the control group (p<0.05). Conclusions: Muscle strength and functional levels improved after intervention in both the experimental and control groups. The ICU exercise group was more effective than the bedside cycle ergometer group to improve muscle strength, functional level, and quality of life performance of persons in the ICU.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 1998.10a
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• pp.458-463
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• 1998

The paper describes the methods and means of measurement and study of vibrations, stresses and shocks affecting electronic equipment during its use and in the testing stage as well as original units to determine shapes and frequencies of vibrations of functional boards. Particular attention has been given to the development of methods and means to protect sturctures against vibrations and shocks.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.27-51
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• 2007

We analyze the effects of the sellers' strateiges on the final bid prices in internet auctions. We focus on the following three strategies of the seller adoption of the buy-price, setting the starting bid price, and adoption of 'the effective fixed price' which means that the starting bid price is set near the buy-price. In addition, the number of units sold single-unit or multi-unit, and item characteristics, such as whether the food is a search product (functional product) or an experience product (non-functional product), are also considered. We use real data on bids for 4 items from an online auction site. We find that in an auction for experience products when sold as single units, adopting the buy-price strategy raises the final bid price. We also find that in multi-unit auctions, starting the auction at 'the effective fixed price' raises the final bid price.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.29 no.3A
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• pp.347-357
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• 2004

Network systems have been developed to meet the high performance of forwarding packets and flexibility for providing various services, so network processor emerged. In order to improve the performance of network processors, fast external interface and special functional units have been used. Recently as an architectural method of improving performance, the SMT(Simultaneous Multi Threading) architecture is proposed, but this architecture is difficult to implement due to its complexity. Therefore research for architectural optimization is needed to develop the SMT network processors. In this paper we analyze each functional units on performing network algorithms and propose an optimized SMT network Processor architecture.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.820-822
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• 2005

We have designed a 32-bit microprocessor with fixed point digital signal processing functionality. This processor, combines both general-purpose microprocessor and digital signal processor functionality using the reduced instruction set computer design principles. It has functional units for arithmetic operation, digital signal processing and memory access. They operate in parallel in order to remove stall cycles after DSP or load/store instructions, which usually need one or more issue latency cycles in addition to the first issue cycle. High performance was achieved with these parallel functional units while adopting a sophisticated five-stage pipeline stucture.