• 유변학
• /
• 제10권4호
• /
• pp.195-201
• /
• 1998

반도성 고분자인 폴리아닐린과 폴리파라페닐렌을 이용한 전기유변유체의 유변학적 및 전기적 특성을 고찰하였다. 이들 반도성 고분자 현탁액은 분산입자와 현탁매질의 전기전도도 차이로 인하여 직류 전기장 하에서 큰 점도 증가를 보였다. 전기유변효과로 기인한 동적 항복응력은 낮은 전기장 하에서는 전기장 제곱에의 의존성을 보였으나 높은 전기장 하에서는 전기장의 1승에 비례하는 거동을 나타내었다. 항복 응력은 분산입자의 전기전도도가 증가함에 따라 최대값을 보이다가 다시 감소하는 현상을 나타내었다. 직류 전기장 하에서의 이러한 항복 응력 거동은 전도도 효과에 의한 맥스웰-와그너 계면편극화로 설명되는 현탁액의 유전 특성과 관련됨을 발견하였다. 계면 편극화 효과가 전기유변현상에 미치는 영향에 대한 더 깊은 이해와 분산액의 침강 안정성 개선을 위하여, 전기유변 효과의 조절이 가능할 뿐 아니라 현탁액의 콜로이드 안정성을 향상시킬 수 있는 여러 가지의 계면 활성제의 영향을 피력하였다.

• 청정기술
• /
• 제27권2호
• /
• pp.124-131
• /
• 2021

국제정치와 세계경제의 이슈가 되고 있는 '탄소중립'에 대한 선언이 전 세계적으로 이어지면서, 석유 기반 고분자를 생분해가 가능한 천연고분자로의 대체 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 천연고분자 중에서도 세계에서 가장 많은 양을 차지하고 있는 나노셀룰로오스를 대체재로 제안하였다. 실란커플링제인 Glycidoxypropyl Trimethoxysilane (GPTMS)를 이용한 결정형 나노셀룰로오스의 표면작용기개질반응으로 하이브리드 나노셀룰로오스(hybrid nanocellulose, HNC)를 제조하였고, 저밀도폴리에틸렌(low density polyethylene, LDPE)과 함께 필름을 형성하였다. 친수성인 결정형나노셀룰로오스의 표면작용기개질반응을 확인하기 위해 소수성으로 바뀌는 것을 푸리에 변환 적외선 분광분석(fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer, FT-IR)과 친수/친유화도를 측정하였으며, 하이브리드 나노셀룰로오스를 적용한 고분자 복합체의 물성 확인을 위해 친수/친유화도, 인장강도, 투명도를 확인하였다. 석유기반 고분자와의 상용성은 pH 14에서 반응한 HNC가 LDPE 대비 1 wt%일 때, 인장강도와 투명도가 가장 우수하며, 결과적으로 실란커플링제를 이용한 나노셀룰로오스의 표면작용기개질이 가능하고 석유 기반 고분자와의 높은 상용성으로 인해 탄소중립을 위한 화석연료의 사용량을 줄일 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 폴리머
• /
• 제32권2호
• /
• pp.138-142
• /
• 2008

분자 날인 기술은 표적 분자에 대해 높은 선택도를 갖는 합성 재료를 제조하기 위한 효과적인 방법이다. 본 연구에서는 주형 분자로 테오필린(theophylline)을, 가교제로 폴리에스터-아크릴레이트 수지를 사용하여 UV 중합을 통해 분자 날인 고분자(MIP)를 합성하였다. 기능성 단량체 종류가 MIP의 성능에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해, 메타크릴산(mathacrylic acid), 아크릴산(acrylic acid), 그리고 아크릴 아미드(acrylic amide)를 기능성 단량체로 각각 사용하여 MIP를 합성하였다. MIP는 비날인 고분자(NIP)보다 테오필린에 대해 훨씬 더 높은 재결합 능력을 보였다. 메타크릴산을 사용하여 합성한 MIP는 가장 높은 재결합 능력을 보였다. MIP의 선택도는 테오필린과 분자구조가 유사한 카페인(caffeine) 용액을 사용하여 조사하였다. 클로로포름보다 극성인 증류수를 용매로 사용하였을 경우 MIP의 테오필린 재결합 성능은 감소하였다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제32권spc8호
• /
• pp.3045-3050
• /
• 2011

The synthesis of copolymers containing thiophene and benzimidazole unit by Stille polymerization is reported. The polymers with many unsubstituted thiophene units in the backbone have been reported to show low solubility, which has been a problem for spin-coating for the device fabrication. In dihexyl-2H-benzimidazole, the sulfur at 2-position of BT unit was replaced with dialkyl substituted carbon, while keeping the 1,2-quinoid form, to improve the solubility of the polymers. The PL emission spectra of the PHBIT1, PHBIT2 and PHBIT3 in chloroform solutions show maximum peaks at 500~561 nm. In thin films, maximum peaks of the PHBITs appeared at 529, 562 and 569 nm, respectively. The EL emission maxima of the PHBIT1 and PHBIT2 appear at around 588 and 576 nm, respectively. The current density and maximum luminescence of the LED with the configuration of ITO/PEDOT/ PHBIT2/Ca/Al are 552 mA/$cm^2$ and 46 cd/$m^2$, respectively.

• Macromolecular Research
• /
• 제11권3호
• /
• pp.189-193
• /
• 2003

pH- and temperature-sensitive bifunctional hydrogels composed of N-isopropylacrylamide (NiPAAm) and a sulfadimethoxine monomer (SDM) derived from sulfadimethoxine were prepared. These hydrogels exhibit simultaneous pH- and temperature-induced volume-phase transitions. The pH-induced volume-phase transition behavior is produced by the ionization/deionization of SDM and is very sharp. In the high pH region, the ionization of SDM induces swelling of the hydrogels. In the low pH region, the deionization of SDM induces deswelling of the hydrogels. The temperature-induced volume-phase transition behavior of the bifunctional hydrogels exhibits negative thermosensitivity because of the NiPAAm component. The hydrogels swell even at low pH as the temperature decreases. The hydrogels swell at low temperature and high pH, and deswell at high temperature and low pH. The volume of the hydrogels dependl on the balance of the swelling and deswelling produced by the two competing stimuli, pH and temperature.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제24권3호
• /
• pp.345-349
• /
• 2003

The quantity, process and kinetics of di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) migration in the 30/70 and 40/60 poly(vinylchloride) (PVC)/DEHP blends were investigated using gas chromatograph. A thin and flexible PVC sheet was soaked in surrounding medium (SM) of water/ethanol mixture and acetonitrile with constant stirring to release DEHP. By observed concentration of DEHP in the SM, it is found that acetonitrile is more intense in DEHP migration than water/ethanol mixture. In addition the amount of extracted DEHP is proportional to the leaching temperature and added ratio of DEHP. The behavior of DEHP migration from flexible PVC sheets was described by the Ficks's law with $2.72-10.1\;{times}\;10^{-10}$ cm²/s of the diffusion coefficients.

• Macromolecular Research
• /
• 제12권1호
• /
• pp.53-62
• /
• 2004

We have prepared polymer composites of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and ionomers (Surlyn 8940) containing polar segments and metal ions by melt blending with carbon black (CB) as a conductive filler. The resistivity and positive temperature coefficient (PTC) of the ionomer/LDPE/CB composites were investigated with respect to the CB content. The ionomer content has an effect on the resistivity and percolation threshold of the polymer composites; the percolation curve exhibits a plateau at low CB content. The PTC intensity of the crosslinked ionomer/LDPE/CB composite decreased slightly at low ionomer content, and increased significantly above a critical concentration of the ionomer. Irradiation-induced crosslinking could increase the PTC intensity and decrease the NTC effect of the polymer composites. The minimum switching current (Ι$\sub$trip/) of the polymer composites decreased with temperature; the ratio of Ι$\sub$trip/ for the ionomer/LDPE/CB composite decreased to a greater extent than that of the LDPE/CB composite. The average temperature coefficient of resistance (${\alpha}$$\sub$T/) for the polymer composites increased in the low-temperature region.

• Macromolecular Research
• /
• 제10권6호
• /
• pp.339-344
• /
• 2002

Poly(vinyl alcohol-b-styrene) (poly(VA-b-St)) diblock copolymer containing high syndiotactic poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) was synthesized by the saponification of poly(vinyl pivalate-b-styrene) (poly(VPi-b-St)). For the block copolymer, poly(vinyl pivalate) (PVPi) with trichloromethyl end group was obtained via telomerization of vinyl pivalate with carbon tetrachloride as a telogen and 2,2-azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as an initiator. Then resulting poly(vinyl pivalate) with trichloromethyl end group was used as an effient macroinitiator for the synthesis of poly(VPi-b-St) using atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) in the presence of CuCl/2,2'-bipyridine at 130 $^{\circ}C$. The poly(vinyl pivalate) macroinitiator, poly(VPi-b-St), poly(VA-b-St) were characterized by GPC, FT-IR and $^1$H-NMR. And the analysis showed that integrity of the block copolymer was maintained during saponification reaction.

• 한국환경보건학회지
• /
• 제47권1호
• /
• pp.55-63
• /
• 2021

Objectives: Cefotaxime is an antibiotic used to treat several bacterial infections. Specifically, it is used to treat pelvic inflammatory disease, meningitis, pneumonia, urinary tract infections, and sepsis. It is given by injection into either a vein or muscle. Antibacterial polymers prepared by chemical bonding and simple blending of antibacterials into polymers has attracted much interest because of their long-lasting antibacterial activity. This study attempted to review the possibility of hydrogel films as functional antibacterial materials by antimicrobial activity. Methods: In this study, CTX-PAA was synthesized by the chemical reaction of polyacrylic acid with cefotaxime by N,N'-Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) method. Synthetic antibacterial hydrogel films were then prepared with PVA and CTX-PAA for functional application. Results: The increase in the cefotaxime content of the hydrogel films showed a similar decrease in tensile strength and elongation. The values of films impregnated with chemically bonded cefotaxime showed no significant difference. Antibacterial susceptibility was determined against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Escherichia coli using a standardized disc test. Conclusion: The synthetic antibacterial hydrogel films exhibited broad susceptibility against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Escherichia coli. Notably, the antibacterial effect of antibacterial hydrogel films against Grampositive (Streptococcus pneumoniae) was superior to that against Gram-negative (Escherichia coli).

• Macromolecular Research
• /
• 제12권5호
• /
• pp.493-500
• /
• 2004

We have developed a novel method for patterning functional images in thin polymer films. The key materials we utilized for the imaging were dihydroxyanthraquinones protected with acid-labile tert-butoxycarbonyl (t-Boc) blocking groups. Among the tested compounds, 1,4-dihydroxyanthraquinone (quinizarin; 1) underwent the most drastic change in terms of its color and fluorescence upon protection. We prepared the t-Boc-protected quinizarin and polymers bearing the protected quinizarins as pendent groups. To investigate the possibility of a single-component imaging system, we synthesized a styrenic monomer 14 incorporating protected quinizarin and a maleimide derivative 15 bearing a photoacid generating group and subjected them to polymerization. Selective removal of the protecting groups of the quinizarin moieties in the exposed area using photolithographic techniques allowed regeneration of quinizarin and patterned fluorescence images in the polymer films.