• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.283-294
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• 2007

Conventional culture-based methods of enumerating rumen microorganisms (bacteria, archaea, protozoa, and fungi) are being rapidly replaced by nucleic acid-based techniques which can be used to characterise complex microbial communities without incubation. The foundation of these techniques is 16S/18S rDNA sequence analysis which has provided a phylogenetically based classification scheme for enumeration and identification of microbial community members. While these analyses are very informative for determining the composition of the microbial community and monitoring changes in population size, they can only infer function based on these observations. The next step in functional analysis of the ecosystem is to measure how specific and, or, predominant members of the ecosystem are operating and interacting with other groups. It is also apparent that techniques which optimise the analysis of complex microbial communities rather than the detection of single organisms will need to address the issues of high throughput analysis using many primers/probes in a single sample. Nearly all the molecular ecological techniques are dependant upon the efficient extraction of high quality DNA/RNA representing the diversity of ruminal microbial communities. Recent reviews and technical manuals written on the subject of molecular microbial ecology of animals provide a broad perspective of the variety of techniques available and their potential application in the field of animal science which is beyond the scope of this treatise. This paper will focus on nucleic acid based molecular methods which have recently been developed for studying major functional groups (cellulolytic bacteria, protozoa, fungi and methanogens) of microorganisms that are important in nutritional studies, as well as, novel methods for studying microbial diversity and function from a genomics perspective.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.20 no.12
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• pp.59-69
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to identify and design a model for the integration between marketing and supply chain management (SCM) of technopreneurship-based souvenirs MSMEs to fulfil customer value creation. Research design, data and methodology: This research method uses the system development life cycle method. This study draws its insights and conclusions from a literature review in several fields followed by an interactive research approach that helps identify, validate, and implement a theoretical framework so that the modelling results can be adopted in applicative manner for souvenir MSMEs. Result: Implementing the "G-ASPOO-L" supply chain management integration model based on technopreneruship to fulfil value creation in the 5.0 society era created three perspectives: an inter-functional perspective, a process perspective, and an integrated business concept perspective. The supply chain management involves enterprise integration, strategic customer integration, strategic supplier integration, and marketing strategy integration. Conclusion: The proposed model framework leads to managerial problems of supply chain management strategy, which urgently requires an interaction approach that challenges the traditional view of demand creation and implementation of supply chain management to fulfil value creation. This research leverages existing knowledge and advances our understanding of the strategic integration issues companies face in digital-based competition.

• BMB Reports
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.79-90
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• 2010

Mouse models are crucial for the functional annotation of human genome. Gene modification techniques including gene targeting and gene trap in mouse have provided powerful tools in the form of genetically engineered mice (GEM) for understanding the molecular pathogenesis of human diseases. Several international consortium and programs are under way to deliver mutations in every gene in mouse genome. The information from studying these GEM can be shared through international collaboration. However, there are many limitations in utility because not all human genes are knocked out in mouse and they are not yet phenotypically characterized by standardized ways which is required for sharing and evaluating data from GEM. The recent improvement in mouse genetics has now moved the bottleneck in mouse functional genomics from the production of GEM to the systematic mouse phenotype analysis of GEM. Enhanced, reproducible and comprehensive mouse phenotype analysis has thus emerged as a prerequisite for effectively engaging the phenotyping bottleneck. In this review, current information on systematic mouse phenotype analysis and an issue-oriented perspective will be provided.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.81-95
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• 2024

ChatGPT, a generative artificial intelligence(AI) technology that analyzes conversations to identify users' intentions and generates responses in consideration of the context of the conversation, is attracting attention from a user interface (UI) perspective that it can provide information through natural conversations with users. This study examined the effect of functional and playful values experienced by early users of ChatGPT on reuse intention and verified the structural relationship between technological efficacy, experiential values, and reuse intention. To verify the research model and hypotheses, a survey was conducted on college students who used ChatGPT for the first time. A total of 156 responses were received and 154 responses were used for analysis. As a result, both the functional experiential value and playful experiential value in the initial use process had significant effects on the intention to use ChatGPT. In addition, it was found that technological efficiency had a significant effect on functional and playful experiential values.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.19 no.7
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• pp.1216-1224
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• 2016

This study analyzed the montage pattern of e-book in a bid to include e-book in the film language system. To this end, this study targeted three pieces of e-books which reproduced the animation for theater use of Disney Company. This study did research on characteristics of montage in films, and kinds of film vectors, and defined it as 'Montage of Experience' according to media characteristics of e-book. This study deducted the montage pattern of 3 sorts of classification, and 10 sorts of detailed classification by doing research on the analysis object. This study has a significance in that it pioneers a new perspective in e-book research which has been biased towards a functional perspective. Analysis of the point of contact where the existing visual media, and new media meet with each other could be a driving force promoting the growth of the relevant industry, and this study thinks that the analysis of the point of contact is the research which is helpful to working out qualitative improvement of e-book contents.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.87-100
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to investigate the evolution of regional tourism resources from the perspective of business ecosystem network. A regional tourism structure changes due to various factors such as natural resources, facilities, festivals and events, public resources, and etc. An exploratory analysis was conducted to examine the interaction between resource characteristics and alliance complexity in the regional tourism industry. In the process, the duality of technology provides an insight into the interaction among several players within an alliance network which include regional attractions and tourism industry. As a result. we identified four types of tourism alliance network: functional, organizational, resource-oriented, and artificially-allied. The managerial implications are also discussed.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.89-100
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• 2003

This paper identifies trends in research methodology due to globalization. Context in both research and in practice and forms the key perspective for modern methodology and theory. Ecological perspectives are a necessary condition for quality global research. Human ecology researchers must advance the role of interdisciplinary and inter-functional perspectives and be open to collaborative relationships. These researchers must work in teams across disciplinary and functional boundaries. The paper discusses directions for research within the context of trends at U.S. federal agencies with applications to globalization and family life. Trends include： (a) use of diverse but rigorous methodologies； (b) recognition of the research-practice-research feedback loop；(c) primacy of context and diverse sampling; and (d) connections of research to problem solving. The terms promoted recently such as ″relationships″, ″diversity″ or ″problem-based″ are ingrained in human ecology. Key aspects for research in the next decade will be： (a) seeking diversity in sampling； (b) seeking colleagues with different perspectives； (c) incorporating meta-analysis into our work； (d) seeking meaningful results； (e) utilizing varieties of research methodologies to address our problems； and (0 understanding that practice must continually change as a function of research.

• Journal of Photoscience
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.43-53
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• 2001

a, a parameter that describes how effectively photoinactivated PS II units protect their functional neighbours; car, carotenoids; ΔpH, transthylakoid pH difference; D1 protein, psbA gene product in the PS II reaction centre; f, functional fraction of PS II: F$\_$v//F$\_$m/, the ratio of variable to maximum chlorophyll a fluorescence; k$\_$d/, rate coefficient for degradation of D1 protein; k$\_$i/ and k$\_$r/, rate coefficient for photoinactivation and repair of PS II, respectively; NADP+, oxidized nicontinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate; P680, the primary electron donor in the PSII reaction centre; Ph, pheophytin; PS, photosystem; Q$\_$A/, first quinone acceptor of an electron in PS II; R$\_$s/, the gross rate of D1 protein synthesis.

• Language and Information
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.53-79
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• 1998

This paper is an attempt to give an account of presupposition inheritance (henceforth PI) in conditionals from a functional-discourse perspective. The focus of study is on how to evaluate the embedded presupposition (EP) nested in the hypothetical world. I propose the view that if the EP satisfies the condition on the presupposition satisfaction, it becomes background information in the relevant world, arguing against the theories which employ simple cancellation or disappearance of those EPs. The discourse processing among discourse participants is to be considered in the light of functional significance for the explication of the contrastive mechanism of presupposition and assertion. I advance a revised model of PI in conditionals and analyze several problematic cases of conditionals, with a particular attention to their DRSs.

• Proceedings of the Korea Association of Information Systems Conference
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• 2005.12a
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• pp.381-387
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• 2005

As the most widely used media of BtoB e-business, the e-Marketplace (EM) can play an important role in the age of c-commerce (collaborative commerce). In supply chain management (SCM) area, the relationship-based collaboration among partners has shown great efficiency. Although the collaboration is important in both areas of EM and SCM there has been a critical difference in the selection of trade partners between them. In this paper, the EM's collaborative stages for integration with its customer system are reviewed and a system architecture is proposed for EM's electronic functional role within the perspective of collaborative commerce and buyer-supplier relationship. The relationship-based BtoB commerce through EM is reviewed to explain that it can be more beneficial than the commerce based on the price competitive selection of trade partners. With the proposed system architecture, an EM can be the functional medium for the collaborative IOIS system architecture.