• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.1134-1139
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• 2004

This study was conducted to investigate the application possibility of leaf and stem extract(LSE) from the mixture of leaf and stem of ginseng radix(Panax Ginseng CA Meyer). This study measured antifatigue effects by rota-rod test and swimming test. Also we examined the cell toxicity in normal liver and kidney cells, and acute toxicity in mice. Dropping times of LSE treated group decreased about 39-83% compared to the control group according to supplementation intake levels. Swimming time in LSE treated group increased compared to the control group at short and long supplementation. Negative effects were not found from the results of the cell toxicity. Also acute toxicity not shown. These results imply that the leaf and stem of ginseng radix could be used as possible food resources and functional food material and feed stuff.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.19-26
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• 2003

In recent years, numerous studies have been carried out to find out the possible substitution of PE-coated paperboards used in packaging of watery or oily foods. Accordingly, this study was carried out to obtain the basic data for producing higher functional coating agents for pulp mold by evaluating various kinds of mixed coating agents. At that time, two kinds of synthetic coating agents(AKD, PYA) and three kinds of natural coating agent(CMC, corn starch, oxidized starch) were used for making the mixed coating agents respectively. Physical properties of coated paperboards were tested. Conclusions obtained from this study were as follows. Based on concentrations, the proper mixture ratios were 10:90(AKD:CMC), 10:90(AKD:corn starch), 10:90(AKD:oxidized starch), 40:60(PVA:CMC), 20:80(PVA:corn starch) and 20:80(PYA:oxidized starch). The mixed coating agent of PYA:corn starch(20:80) was the most efficient coating agent. Consequently, water and oil resistance were improved even with much addition of natural coating agents. We consider that they can be suitable for the packaging used in the storage of higher moisture vegetables and other food, and also can be suitable for oily fried food.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.54-59
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• 2009

To improve the functional and organoleptic properties of the fermented soymilk with Bacillus subtilis 2829PNU015 which has chungkukjang like flavor, functional materials from the edible plant extracts with well-known health promoting effects were examined by fibrinolytic activity and sensory evaluation. Among five samples such as Corni fructus, garlic, purple sweet potato, aged garlic, and pumpanini were tested, Corni fructus showed the highest fibrinolytic activity. The appearance and taste of the fermented soymilk (FS) was varied to the amount of Corni fructus added, and the highest acceptability of FS was observed from FS containing 1% Corni fructus extracts ($10^{\circ}$Brix) in it. Best way of applying Corni fructus to the fermented soymilk (FFS) was found to be incubating the mixture of soymilk and Corni fructus with Bacillus subtilis. FFS demonstrated dose dependent radical scavenging activities and these activities were found to be higher than those of FS at designated concentration.

• 한국초전도학회:학술대회논문집
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• v.9
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• pp.129-132
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• 1999

A new single solution source MOCVD technique for the deposition of YBCO film has been developed, using a ultrasonic atomizer to feed the precursors into an evaporation zone. This method being investigated as a basis for future long wire fabrication, for example the electric power use, the magnatic applications, etc.. YBCO films were prepared on MgO(100) substrate, using mixture of Y, Ba, and Cu ${\beta}$ -diketonate chelate was dissolve in tetrahydrofuran as a solution sources. X-ray diffraction measurement indicated that the thin film grew epitaxially with the c-axis orientation perpandicular to the surface of the surface.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.167-175
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• 2010

This study was performed to explore the effects of the fermented functional extracts (FE) on blood glucose and lipid levels in diabetes. FE were created by mixing 9 kinds of plants with sea water and then allowing the mixture to ferment for 1 year. FE were supplemented in the feed of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats at 1%, 3% and 5%. The 1% feeding group showed the lowest weight loss of the three experimental groups. The blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin level were significantly decreased in the FE fed rats compared to the diabetic control (DMC) group. The lipid levels in serum were decreased in 1% and 3% FE fed rats in comparison to the DMC group, and there was no significant difference in triglyceride levels due to the FE concentration. The HDL-C level was significantly increased in rats with FE supplemented diets, compared to the DMC group. The levels of lipid peroxides in liver tissue were significantly decreased in FE fed diabetic rats, and the hepatic glycogen content was increased in rats receiving supplements. As a result of these studies, we believe 1% FE may be the optimum level for controlling blood glucose and alleviating hyperlipidemia in STZ-induced diabetic rats.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.493-509
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• 2021

There is not enough mixed finite element method (MFEM) model developed for static and dynamic analysis of functionally graded material (FGM) beams in the literature. The main purpose of this study is to develop a reliable and efficient computational modeling using an efficient functional in MFEM for free vibration and static analysis of FGM composite beams subject to high order shear deformation effects. The modeling of material properties was performed using mixture rule and Mori-Tanaka scheme which are more realistic determination techniques. This method based on the assumption that a two phase composite material consisting of matrix reinforced by spherical particles, randomly distributed in the beam. To explain the displacement components of the shear deformation effects, it was accepted that the shear deformation effects change sinusoidal. Partial differential field equations were obtained with the help of variational methods and then these equations were transformed into a novel functional for FGM beams with the help of Gateaux differential derivative operator. Thanks to the Gateaux differential method, the compatibility of the field equations was checked, and the field equations and boundary conditions were reflected to the function. A MFEM model was developed with a total of 10 degrees of freedom to apply the obtained functional. In the numerical applications section, free vibration and flexure problems solutions of FGM composite beams were compared with those predicted by other theories to show the effects of shear deformation, thickness changing and boundary conditions.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.183-189
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• 2018

Currently, injuries to customers due to health functional foods are annually increasing. To evaluate the antigenicity of Korean red ginseng mixture (KRGM), we tested for systemic anaphylactic shock and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis in guinea pigs. Based on a comparison of measured body weights, there were no changes in body weight for the KRGM treatment group compared with the control group. In the ovalbumin treated group, however, there was a statistically significant decrease in body weight. For the active systemic anaphylaxis test, after the induction, there were no symptoms that suggested anaphylactic shock in the control and KRGM treatment group. In the ovalbumin treated group, there were symptoms that suggested severe anaphylaxis, and those symptoms included restlessness, piloerection, tremor, rubbing or licking the nose, sneezing, coughing, hyperpnea, dyspnea, staggering gait, jumping, gasping and writhing, convulsion, side position and Cheyne-stokes respiration. All animals died within thirty minutes in the ovalbumin treated group. For the passive cutaneous anaphylaxis test in guinea pigs sensitized to KRGM, each anti-serum was diluted in a stepwise manner. This was followed by an intravenous injection of a mixture of KRGM and Evans blue. The results of the test showed that all the responses were negative in the control and the low-dose and high-dose administration groups. However, in the ovalbumin treated group, all the responses were positive. Based on the above results, there were no anaphylactic responses for up to 12 times the amount of human intake of KRGM in Hartley Guinea-pigs. The results suggest that KRGM is safe as measured by the systemic and local antigenicity in guinea pigs.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.21 no.7
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• pp.1016-1024
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• 2011

The concentrations of bioactive material (polyphenolics and flavonoids) and the biological activities of antioxidative (DPPH [${\alpha},{\alpha}'$-diphenyl-${\beta}$-picrylhydrazyl] free radical scavenging activity, peroxidation of rat liver microsome, and Fe/Cu reducing power), ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibition, tyrosinase inhibition, and fibrinolytic activity were tested by in vitro experimental models using 70% methanolic extract from Ganoderma lucidum, Momordica charantia, Fagopyrum tataricum and their mixtures. The highest yield and the concentrations of polyphenolics and flavonoids were shown in the mixture extract. Mixture extract was shown to have the highest activities of ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibition and tyrosinase inhibition, fibrinolytic, DPPH free radical scavenging, and Fe/Cu reducing power in a concentration-dependent manner. From these results, mixture methanol extract was shown to have the most potent bioactive properties and to contain large amounts of biological materials such as polyphenolics and flavonoids. This mixture could be a good dietary supplement material candidate, such as for antidiabetic functional foods.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.685-694
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• 2006

The quality characteristics of cookies containing brown rice flour, which has a greater variety of functional components than wheat flour, were studied. The results of the pasting properties shows that the inclusion of brown rice flour to the wheat flour-mixture did not affect the pasting temperature for up to 30% inclusion. The total dietary fiber and total polyphenol content increased and color of the cookies became darker with increasing brown rice flour content. According to the results from TA on texture, the hardness decreased and the crispness increased significantly(p<0.001, p<0.05, respectively) with increasing brown rice flour content. From the acceptance test, the aroma and texture of the cookies with added brown rice flour were significantly(p<0.001) lower than those of the wheat flour cookies. However, the appearance, taste, and overall acceptance of the cookies with added brown rice flour did not differ significantly from those of the wheat flour cookies. According to the results from the sensory evaluation, the savory aroma of the cookie with 30% brown rice flour was significantly strong(p<0.001). The brown rice flavor of the cookies with brown rice flour was significantly stronger(p<0.001) than that of the wheat flour cookie, but there were no significant differences among the cookies with brown rice flour in it. The crispness of the cookies increased significantly(p<0.001) with the inclusion of brown rice flour in the mixture, especially for the mixture with 30% brown rice flour which had the highest value of crispness among the cookies. The graininess and brown color of the cookies increased significantly(p<0.001) with increasing brown rice flour content, especially for the mixture with 30% brown rice flour which had the highest values among the cookies.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.279-285
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• 2023

The demand for the fresh leaf of hooker chive, which is mainly used as functional roots and contains dietary sulfur or saponin, is increasing, but the leaves are only harvested 3-4 times per year under conventional field conditions. A plant factory system with different light qualities or intensities was applied for year-round production of the fresh leaves. Hooker chive (Allium hookeri) roots were hydroponically cultured under the plant factory with a mixture of blue plus red LEDs (Light-Emitting Diodes) and fluorescent lights for 50 weeks. Maximum leaf growth was attained with the 1.5 dS/m EC in the culture medium under the plant factory. The average leaf and shoot numbers of hooker chive grown hydroponically under a mixture of 200 µmol/m²/s LEDs increased by 147% and 140%, respectively compared to those under 100 µmol/m²/s LEDs at the 10th harvest. The leaf length of hooker chive grown under the LEDs treatment with the lowest light intensity significantly increased by 27% compared with the natural light treatment at the 10th harvest. However, there was no significant difference in leaf pigmentation between natural and 200 µmol/m²/s LEDs treatments. Plant factory with the mixture LEDs of blue and red lights can be applied for year-round production of hooker chive fresh leaves to ensure a stable supply of leafy vegetable throughout the year.