• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.365-375
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• 2019

Background: Oxidative stress plays an important role in neuro-degenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease. Oxidative stress is mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are implicated in the pathogenesis of numerous diseases, and account for the toxicity of a wide range of compounds. Methods and Results: In order to study the neuro-protective effect of the complex extracts of Aster scaber Thunberg (AS) and Chaenoleles sinensis Koehne (CSK) against hydrogen peroxide in PC12 cells, cell viability was evaluated by the MTT assay using tetrazole, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide and the intracellular ROS levels were determined the by 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCF-DA) assay. In order to examine the anti-amnesic effects of the complex extracts of AS and CSK, behavioral tests were performed on male ICR mice. The ameliorating effect of the complex extracts against Aβ_1-42-induced learning and memory impairment was analyzed by y-maze and passive avoidance tests. The AS and CSK extracts showed neuro-protective activity both in vitro and in vivo, and the neuro-protective effect of their 60 : 40 (AS : CSK) mixture was better than that of the other mixtures. Moreover, the complex extracts synergistically inhibited acetylcholinesterase activity and rapid peroxidation. Conclusions: A mixture of the AS and CSK extracts could be used to develop functional foods and serve as raw materials for the development of therapeutics against Alzheimer's disease.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제28권10호
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• pp.1781-1786
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• 2007

Two copper(II) complexes, [CuL3](ClO4)2 bearing one N-CH2CH2CONH2 group as well as one N-CH2CH2CN group and [CuL4](ClO4)2 bearing two N-CH2CH2CONH2 groups, have been prepared by the selective hydrolysis of [CuL2](ClO4)2 (L2 = C-meso-1,8-bis(cyanoethyl)-5,5,7,12,12,14-hexamethyl-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane). The complex [CuL5](ClO4)2 bearing one N-CH2CH2C(=NH)OCH3 and one N-CH2CH2CN groups has been prepared as the major product from the reaction of [CuL2](ClO4)2 with methanol in the presence of triethylamine. In acidic aqueous solution, the N-CH2CH2C(=NH)OCH3 group of [CuL5](ClO4)2 undergoes hydrolysis to yield [CuL6](ClO4)2 bearing both N-CH2CH2COOCH3 and N-CH2CH2CN groups. The crystal structure of [CuL5](ClO4)2 shows that the complex has a slightly distorted square-pyramidal coordination polyhedron with an apical Cu-N (N-CH2CH2C(=NH)OCH3 group) bond. The apical Cu-N bond distance (2.269(3) A) is ca. 0.06 A longer than the apical Cu-O (N-CH2CH2CONH2 group) bond of [CuL4](ClO4)2. The pendant amide group of [CuL3](ClO4)2 is involved in coordination. The carboxylic ester group of [CuL6](ClO4)2 is also coordinated to the metal ion in various solvents but is removed from the coordination sphere in the solid state.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.20-27
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• 2010

Deer velvet antler was subjected to the extraction process using boiling water at three different temperatures (100, 110 and $120^{\circ}C$) and 70% ethanol solution. Functional components such as uronic acid, sulfated-glycosaminoglycans (sulfated-GAGs) and sialic acid in the extracts were analyzed, and their antioxidant activities were investigated using several in vitro models. Uronic acid and sulfated-GAGs content of each extract significantly decreased with increasing extraction temperature (p<0.05), while the residues obtained from the upper and middle part of the antler had a higher uronic acid content than the residues obtained from the base section. Sialic acid contents were highest in compounds extracted at $110^{\circ}C$, followed by 120 and $100^{\circ}C$. The 70% ethanol extracts also had a high levels of uronic acid content, but not for sulfated-GAGs and sialic acid. All extracts showed good antioxidant ability in a dose-dependant manner, with the $100^{\circ}C$ residue exhibiting the strongest activity compared to the 110 and $120^{\circ}C$ extracts. In relation to the hydroxyl radical scavenging activity and reduction power, the 70% ethanol extract exhibited the strongest activity. Furthermore, the velvet antler extracts inhibited apoptosis in hydrogen peroxide-induced PC-12 cells.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.190-197
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• 2008

The aim of this study was to determine the optimal cooking conditions in preparing jujube concentrates using various boiling times (5, 10, 15, 20 hours). The moisture contents of the concentrate samples ranged from 38.86 to 42.36%. Crude protein content was highest in the 15 hr-boiled concentrate, crude fat was highest in the 20 hr-boiled concentrate and both the 15 and 20 hr boiled concentrates had high crude fiber contents. There were no differences in color L- and a-values by boiling time; however, the b-value decreased with increasing boiling time. The pH levels of the concentrates ranged from 5.24 to 5.27, and the brix level increased with increasing boiling time. Glucose was the primary of free sugar in the concentrates and its highest level was 102.3 ${\mu}M$ in the 20 hr-boiled concentrate. The 15 hr-boiled concentrate had the highest electron donating ability to 46.68%. The total polyphenol contents of the concentrates ranged from 21.53 to 24.56%, in which the 15-boiled concentrate had the highest level (24.56%). In the sensory evaluation, the 15-hr-boiled concentrate again performed well, showing the highest overall acceptability scores. From these results, 15 hrs was the optimal boiling time for preparing jujube concentrate in terms of obtaining functional compounds and overall product acceptability.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.255-264
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• 2016

The plethora of genome sequence information of bacteria in recent times has ushered in many novel strategies for antibacterial drug discovery and facilitated medical science to take up the challenge of the increasing resistance of pathogenic bacteria to current antibiotics. In this study, we adopted subtractive genomics approach to analyze the whole genome sequence of the Fusobacterium nucleatum, a human oral pathogen having association with colorectal cancer. Our study divulged 1,499 proteins of F. nucleatum, which have no homolog's in human genome. These proteins were subjected to screening further by using the Database of Essential Genes (DEG) that resulted in the identification of 32 vitally important proteins for the bacterium. Subsequent analysis of the identified pivotal proteins, using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) Automated Annotation Server (KAAS) resulted in sorting 3 key enzymes of F. nucleatum that may be good candidates as potential drug targets, since they are unique for the bacterium and absent in humans. In addition, we have demonstrated the three dimensional structure of these three proteins. Finally, determination of ligand binding sites of the 2 key proteins as well as screening for functional inhibitors that best fitted with the ligands sites were conducted to discover effective novel therapeutic compounds against F. nucleatum.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.420-427
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• 2015

It is necessary to understand the cellular uptake and cytotoxicity of food-grade delivery systems, such as ${\beta}$-lactoglobulin (${\beta}$-lg) nanoparticles, for the application of bioactive compounds to functional foods. The objectives of this study were to investigate the relationships between the physicochemical properties of ${\beta}$-lg nanoparticles, such as particle size and zeta-potential value, and their cellular uptakes and cytotoxicity in Caco-2 cells. Physicochemical properties of ${\beta}$-lg nanoparticles were evaluated using particle size analyzer. Flow cytometry and confocal laser scanning microscopy were used to investigate cellular uptake and cytotoxicity of ${\beta}$-lg nanoparticles. The ${\beta}$-lg nanoparticles with various particle sizes (98 to 192 nm) and zeta-potential values (-14.8 to -17.6 mV) were successfully formed. A decrease in heating temperature from $70^{\circ}C$ to $60^{\circ}C$ resulted in a decrease in the particle size and an increase in the zeta-potential value of ${\beta}$-lg nanoparticles. Non-cytotoxicity was observed in Caco-2 cells treated with ${\beta}$-lg nanoparticles. There was an increase in cellular uptake of ${\beta}$-lg nanoparticles with a decrease in particle size and an increase in zeta-potential value. Cellular uptake ${\beta}$-lg nanoparticles was negatively correlated with particle size and positively correlated with zeta-potential value. Therefore, these results suggest that the particle size and zeta-potential value of ${\beta}$-lg nanoparticles play an important role in the cellular uptake. The ${\beta}$-lg nanoparticles can be used as a delivery system in foods due to its high cellular uptake and non-cytotoxicity.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2003년도 생물공학의 동향(XII)
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• pp.180-184
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• 2003

선별된 7종의 균주는 넓은 범위의 산과 담즙산에 대해 기존에 보고된 결과에 비하여 높은 내성을 나타냈고, 장내세균인 E. coli에 대해서도 우수한 항균력을 나타냈고, 항생제 tetracycline, nisin, kanamycin, ampicillin. streptomycin에 대해서도 높은 내성을 보였다. 또한 7종의 균주는 어느 정도의 산을 생성하고 있었고, 네 가지 효소 amylase, protease, lipase, cellulase에 대해서도 높은 활성을 나타냈다. 균주 특성실험 결과, 7종의 균주는 그람음성균으로 모두 구형, 비운동성이고 균체의 색은 노란색이거나 흰색을 띠고 있고, 다양한 유기물에 대하여 분해력을 지니고 있었다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제51권spc1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2006

Tocotrienol의 건강식품 및 의료용 가공품으로의 고부가가치화 가능성을 평가하기 위하여 미강에서 추출한 tocotrienol의 항암 효과 및 독성평가를 실시하였다. HepG2 간암 세포를 대상으로 한 항암효과 분석 결과 tocotrienol이 간암세포의 증식을 억제함을 입증할 수 있었다. 또한 랫드를 이용한 경구독성 검사를 수행한 결과 tocotrienol 최종 생산물은 경구투여 한계량인 $2,000mg\;kg^{-1}$ 수준에서도 사망률, 일반 증상, 체중 변화 등에 이상을 보이지 않았으며, 부검 후 흉강 및 복강의 모든 장기에 대한 육안적 부검 소견 등에서도 아무런 독성학적 변화가 유발되지 않음을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.146-154
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• 2018

There are more than 25 species of Mentha plants, which are aromatic perennial herbs. Currently, these species are being widely used with great interest because of various clinical findings regarding their health benefits. This is due to the abundance of volatile compounds that could expedite environmental interactions such as protection against herbivores, parasites, pathogens, and so on. Therefore, in this study, the antimicrobial effect of Mentha piperita (peppermint) oil on Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Cronobacter sakazakii, and Salmonella Enteritidis were investigated using the spot-on-lawn method. The results show that Mentha piperita (peppermint) oil exhibited antimicrobial activities against Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, and Cronobacter sakazakii; however, it did not inhibit the growth of Salmonella Enteritidis. This shows that the antimicrobial effect of Mentha piperita (peppermint) oil is effective against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Hence, in the present study, Mentha piperita (peppermint) oil was shown to have strong antimicrobial activities; it could be used as a potential food additive for improving the quality of various milk-based products due to its various bioactive properties. Future studies should be conducted for manufacturing functional dairy products with the addition of peppermint oil to prevent and/or alleviate specific diseases.

• 공업화학
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.80-85
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• 2016

넓은 비표면적과 큰 기공 부피를 갖는 실리카에 다양한 아미노실란 화합물을 in-situ 중합법을 통해 기능화 후 이산화탄소 흡착 특성을 확인하였다. 이산화탄소 흡착 기능기로 아민기가 포함된 아미노실란 화합물이 사용되었다. 흡착제의 흡착 특성 분석을 위해 질소 흡 탈착 실험과 원소분석, in situ FT-IR, TGA를 이용하였다. 흡착제 합성 전후를 비교하였을 때 폴리아미노실란이 기능화되면 표면적과 기공부피 및 크기가 감소하였으며 실리카 기공 부피의 70%에 해당하는 폴리아미노실란 화합물을 기능화 시켰을 경우 기공 부피의 100% 기능화 보다 이산화탄소 흡착능이 향상되었다. 흡착 온도를 비교하며 $30^{\circ}C$보다 $75^{\circ}C$에서 폴리아미노실란 화합물의 열팽창과 자유부피 증가로 흡착능이 증가하였고, 2NS/NPS-2의 경우 기공 부피 70% 기능화와 흡착 온도 $75^{\circ}C$에서 9.2 wt%의 높은 $CO_2$ 흡착능을 보였다.