• 대한화학회지
• /
• 제65권5호
• /
• pp.313-319
• /
• 2021

Menthol (M) is a cyclic monoterpenode and is a major component of essential oils. Menthol, along with menthol, isomenton, etc., gives taste and odor of the mint plant, and when it comes to menthol in general, L- or (-) -menthol is usually used. Included in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and pesticides. It has antimicrobial, antibacterial, antioxidant properties. It is also known that the licorice plant (Glycyrrhiza Glabra L.) differs from other types of plants by its medicinal properties. For many years it has been used in folk medicine. Extraction of licorice root revealed up to 25% glycyrrhizinic acid (GA). Its aglycone - glycyrrhizic acid is notable for its structural similarity to the adrenal cortex hormones. Currently, GA and glycyrrhizic acid are widely used in medicine as a remedy for colds, allergies, viral diseases, tumors. The biological activity of menthol and GA-based supramolecular compounds has been poorly studied, and their effect on the functional parameters of rat liver mitochondria has been studied little. For this purpose, in our experiments, the effect of menthol (M), glycyrrhizinic acid (GA) and their supramolecular complexes obtained in different proportions on in vitro and in vivo studies on rat liver mitochondria was studied.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
• /
• 제26권3호
• /
• pp.237-250
• /
• 2018

Objectives : This study is a pharmacological network approach, aimed to identify the potential active compounds contained in Curcumae Radix, and their associated targets, to predict the various bio-reactions involved, and finally to establish the cornerstone for the deep-depth study of the representative mechanisms. Methods : The active compounds of Curcumae Radix have been identified using Traditional Chinese Medicine System Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform. The UniProt database was used to collect each of information of all target proteins associated with the active compounds. To find the bio-metabolic processes associated with each target, the DAVID6.8 Gene Functional classifier tool was used. Compound-Target and Target-Pathway networks were analyzed via Cytoscape 3.40. Results : The target information from 32 potential active compounds of Curcumae Radix was collected through TCMSP analysis. The active compounds interact with 133 target genes engaging in total of 885 biological pathways. The most relevant pathway was the lipid-related metabolism, in which 3 representative active compounds were naringenin, oleic acid, and ${\beta}-sitosterol$. The mostly targeted proteins in the lipid pathway were ApoB, AKT1 and PPAR. Conclusions : The pharmacological network analysis is convenient approach to predict the overall metabolic mechanisms in medicinal herb research, which can reduce the processes of various experimental trial and error and provide key clues that can be used to validate and experimentally verify the core compounds.

• 대한본초학회지
• /
• 제26권3호
• /
• pp.37-45
• /
• 2011

Objectives : This study focused on Schisandrae Fructus (SF) and Perilae Folium (PF), traditional medicine herbs and health functional food in Korea, Japan and China. We investigated various pharmacological activities that include a potential source of free radical scavenging, anti-viral, anti-microbial, anti-allergy and anti-inflammatory activities. Methods : We conducted an investigation of total contents of phenolic and flavonoid compounds in these single herbal extraction with/without combined to mixture. We also measured antioxidant activities such as DPPH free radical scavenging, SOD-like scavenging, nitrite scavenging and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities, xanthine oxidase inhibition, linoleic acid peroxidation inhibition, and reducing power. Results : As the results, contents of total phenoilc compounds and flavonoids were higher in those of PF than those of SF. Those of SF+PF mixture showed the synergy effects compared with those of SF and PF single extractions. Activities of DPPH free radical and SOD-like scavenging in 1 mg/mL concentration increased in dose dependent manners. That of SF increased compared with that of PF. That of SF and PF mixture also increased compared with that of BHA as a positive control. The other antioxident activities also showed similar to patten of activity of DPPH free radical scavenging. When combined to SF and PF extractions, there was showed synergic effect compared with those of BHA, excepted activities of xanthine oxidase inhibition and reducing power. Taken together, SF and PF have high phenolic and flavonoid compounds content furthermore, antioxidant activities in SF and PF mixture showed more synergy effect compared with those of BHA. Conclusions : Therefore, these findings suggest that SF and PF mixture may offer functional materials potential for development of functional beverage. But further studies are needed for the identification of the active compounds.

• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제65권4호
• /
• pp.457-467
• /
• 2020

Legumes are one of the largest families of crop plants and are widely consumed and produced for their nutritional and commercial benefits. Mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) is a legume crop that contains various functional compounds ; moreover, it has strong antioxidant properties and is becoming an increasingly important food crop. However, most previous studies on mung beans have focused on their primary metabolites. In this study, we investigated the composition and contents of phenolic compounds, fatty acids, soyasapogenol and tocopherol in mung beans cultivated in different regions and cultivated at different seeding dates. Material analysis was conducted using the following methods: LC-MS/MS, GC-FID and HPLC-ELSD. In total, 57 different samples were analyzed. Thirteen phenolic compounds were detected in mung beans. Of these, vitexin and isovitexin were the most abundant compounds, accounting for approximately 99% of phenolic compounds. The difference in phenol compounds according to the seeding dates of mung bean was not statistically significant. The total fatty acid content in beans was the highest in Pyeongchang. Significant differences in total fatty acid content were found according to the cultivation regions. Crops grown in Sohyeon and Dahyeon showed the highest soyasapogenol B content in the Suwon region, and these were the lowest in Jeonju. The total tocopherol content of beans cultivated in Dahyeon and Sohyeon was the lowest and highest in Pyeongchang. Soyasapogenol B and total tocopherol content were not significantly different according to seeding dates. This study was conducted to obtain basic data for the cultivation of mung beans with a high content of various functional materials in terms of regional specialization and optimal seeding time.

• 한국식품과학회지
• /
• 제33권3호
• /
• pp.345-352
• /
• 2001

경상도 전통마른오징어 식해를 제조하여 $5^{\circ}C$에서 보관하면서 GC와 GC-MS를 이용하여 향기성분의 원인 물질을 분석, 동정하였다. 식해에서 동정된 물질 중에서 ${\alpha}-zingibirene$이 19.73 mg/kg으로 전체상대 농도에서 가장 높았으며 (Z)-Di-2-propenyl disulfide, ${\alpha}-curcumene$, methyl alkyl disulfide, $(E-E)-{\alpha}-farnesene$, pentanol, z-citral, $3-ethyl-1,2-dithi-5-ene-{\beta}-elemene$, acetic acid 및 ${\beta}-phelland$ rene의 함량 순으로 동정되어 이러한 성분들이 식해의 주요성분으로 나타났다. 식해의 향기성분은 hydrocarbone류가 49종, 알데히드류가 15종, 알콜류가 33 종, 케톤류 및 에스테류 11 종을 포함하여 총 162 종을 동정하였다. 식해의 메탄올 추출물을 용매 분획하여 얻은 각 분획물의 전자공여능을 측정한 결과 $200\;{\mu}m$ DPPH radical을 50% 환원시키는데 필요한 $SC_{50}$ 값이 헥산과 물층에서는 효과가 나타나지 않았으며, ethylacetate 층은 $310.64\;{\mu}g/mL$, butanol 층은 $1096.49\;{\mu}g/mL$으로 나타났다. 혈압상승 억제효과를 살펴본 결과 헥산과 물 분획물에서는 전혀 효과가 없었으며 ethylacetate층에서는 $IC_{50}$이 1.623 mg/mL, butanol 층에서는 1.303 mg/mL의 저해효과를 나타내었으며, xanthine oxidase에 대한 $IC_{50}$은 ethyl acetate 층은 3.591 mg/mL, butanol 층은 2.083 mg/mL로 나타났다.

• 한국식품과학회지
• /
• 제29권1호
• /
• pp.173-177
• /
• 1997

기능성 식품과 tyrosinase에 의한 식품의 갈변 현상을 막기 위한 천연 효소 억제제의 개발을 위한 연구의 일환으로 한국산 녹차로 부터 축합형 탄닌을 분리하여 tyrosinase 저해효과를 측정하였다. 녹차의 acetone 추출물에서 tyrosinase 저해효과가 있음이 확인되었고 정제된 탄닌의 효소저해효과를 검토한 결과 catechin류 보다 gallocatechin류와 epimer인 epicatechin류가 저해효과가 더 높았으며, dimer의 물질보다 monomer 물질에 의한 저해 효과가 더 우수한 것으로 나타났다.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
• /
• 제18권2호
• /
• pp.481-487
• /
• 2009

The compositional changes of wormwood (Artemisia princeps var. orientalis) essential oils were studied under 4 different storage conditions i.e., being exposed to air at 20 and $40^{\circ}C$. Sixty-four volatile compounds consisting of 24 terpene hydrocarbons, 18 alcohols, 11 ketones, 6 esters, 1 aldehyde, 2 hydrocarbons, and 2 oxides were identified on the basis of their mass spectra characteristics and retention indices in original wormwood essential oils. Identified compounds constituted 80.53% of the total peak area. Borneol (12.13%) was the most abundant compound, followed by $\alpha$-thujone (8.66%), T-cadinol (6.67%), and 1,8-cineole (6.21%) in original wormwood essential oils. Under the condition of $40^{\circ}C$ of temperature with the cap being opened for 3 min everyday respectively during 6 months of storage, the total amount of functional groups in essential oil determined by peak area percent were decreased by 79.45%, at most. The total level of monoterpene hydrocarbons decreased markedly in the aerobic condition and high temperatures. Whereas the total level of esters increased significantly. Wormwood essential oils were stored in experimental conditions, with the changes in the volatile compounds of essential oils being accelerated by high temperatures and contact with the atmosphere.

• 대한본초학회지
• /
• 제31권5호
• /
• pp.25-39
• /
• 2016

Objectives : Atractylodes rhizomes, which have been widely used to treat gastrointestinal disorders, consist of numerous chemical compounds. Polyacetylenes are the parts of characteristic compounds of importance required to understand the therapeutic properties of Atractylodes rhizomes. It is necessary to understand the physicochemical and pharmacological properties of polyacetylenes in the Atractylodes rhizomes.Methods : The literatures from 1970 to January 2016 were searched using Korean and international electronic databases. The chemical structures of polyacetylenes were drawn by structure-drawing software.Results : The reported polyacetylenes were classified by their chemical skeletons and original resources, and their physicochemical and pharmacological features were discussed. Polyacetylenes with skeletal moieties were reported, such as diene-diyne types (two double and two triple carbon-bonds), triene-diyne types (three double carbon bonds and two triple carbon bonds), and monoene-diyne types (one double carbon bonds and two double carbon bonds), with various functional groups. Atractylodin was most frequently reported from many Atractylodes species. Atractylodin-related polyacetylenes showed chemical instability in both high and freezing temperatures. Processing of the Atractylodes rhizomes by stir-frying with bran could affect the contents of polyacetylenes and their bioavailability in vivo. Several polyacetylenes showed structure-related anti-inflammatory activities and gastrointestinal activities.Conclusion : Polyacetylene compounds in Atractylodes rhizomes were based on three chemical backbones and showed diverse physicochemical and pharmacological features. The present study provides structural, physicochemical, and pharmacological information of polyacetylene from Atractylodes rhizomes. This information provides fundamental data for further research.

• 한국자원식물학회지
• /
• 제23권3호
• /
• pp.223-227
• /
• 2010

In order to select superior tree from Korea, five major phenolic compounds including (-)-epicatechin(EC), chlorogenic acid (ChA), hyperoside (HP), isoquercitrin (IQ), and procyanidin B2 (PC-$B_2$) in hawthorn fruit were evaluated. We also compared these hawthorn fruits of five clones with Chinese hawthorn cultivars. HPLC with a diode-array detector was used to determine the contents of the individual compounds. Hawthorn fruits of five clones (selected from different area of Korea), and four Chinese hawthorn cultivars grown in the Korea Forest Research Institute (Suwon) were utilized. With their high functional components, Jungsun is the clone including the highest contents of EC (11.26 mg/g) and PC-$B_2$ (24.46 mg/g). The clone of Chuncheon 15 had highest HP (0.53 mg/g) and IQ (0.41 mg/g). From the results, the clone of Jungsun and Chuncheon 15 can be evaluated to be selected breeding material for cultivar development.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
• /
• 제10권4호
• /
• pp.326-332
• /
• 2005

A methanol extract of mulberry cake prepared from mulberry fruits (Morus spp.) was shown to have strong scavenging activities against DPPH, superoxide and hydroxyl radicals. Eleven phenolic compounds were isolated from the mulberry cake by a combination of Diaion HP-20, silica gel (or polyamide), Sephadex LH-20 column chromatographies, preparative HPLC and TLC. Their chemical structures were characterized as procatechuic acid (PCA), caffeic acid (CA), cyanidin 3-O-$\beta$-D-glucopyranoside (CyG) and cyanidin $3-O-\beta­D-rutinoside$ (CyR), rutin (RT), isoquercitrin (IQT), astragalin (AG), quercetin (QT), morin (MR), di-hydroquercetin (DHQ), and 4-prenylmoracin (PM) by spectral analysis and the published data. Most of the phenolic constituents were effective scavengers of DPPH, superoxide and hydroxyl radicals, and especially caffeic acid and 4-prenylmoracin showed potent superoxide and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, in which their activities were higher than that of the well-known antioxidant, BHT (p< 0.05). Dehydroquercetin and quercetin also exhibited strong superoxide and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities. These results suggest that mulberry cake containing antioxidant phenolic compounds may be useful as natural antioxidants in functional foods and cosmetics.