• 제목/요약/키워드: functional balance

검색결과 711건 처리시간 0.032초

Solute Carrier SLC41A1 'A MINI REVIEW'

  • Basnet Hom Bahadur
    • 한국환경성돌연변이발암원학회지
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    • 제25권2호
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    • pp.60-65
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    • 2005
  • The human solute carrier, SLC41Al, is a $Mg^{2}+$ transporter that is regulated by extracellular magnesium. Although intracellular magnesium plays a fundamental role in cellular metabolism, little is known about how $Mg^{2}+$ is taken up and controlled by cells. Magnesium plays a fundamental role in cellular metabolism so that its control within the body is critical. Magnesium homeostasis is principally a balance between intestinal absorption of dietary magnesium and renal excretion of urinary magnesium. The kidney, mainly the distal convoluted tubule, controls magnesium reabsorption. Although renal reabsorption is under the influence of many hormones, selective regulation of magnesium transport is due to intrinsic control involving transcriptional processes and synthesis of transport proteins. Using microarray analysis, identification of the genetic elements involved with this transcriptional control has been begun. SLC41A1(GenBank Accession No. AJ514402), comprises 10 putative transmembrane domains, two of which are highly homologous to the integral membrane part of the prokaryote transports $Mg^{2}+$ and other divalent cations $Sr^2+,\;Zn^2+,\;Cu^2+,\;Fe^2+,\;Co^2+,\;Ba^2+,\;and\;Cd^2+,\;but\;not\;Ca^2+,\;Mn^2+,\;and\;Ni^2+.$ Transport of $Mg^{2}+$ by SLC41Al is rheogenic, voltage dependent, and not coupled to Na or Cl. Expressed SLC41Al transports a range of other divalent cations: $Mg^{2+},\;Sr^{2+},\;Zn^{2+},\;Cu^{2+},\;Fe^{2+},\;Co^{2+},\;Ba^{2+},\;and\;Cd^{2+}$. The divalent cations $Ca^{2+},\;Mn^{2+},\;and\;Ni^{2+}$and the trivalent ion $Gd^{3+}$ did not induce currents nor did they inhibit $Mg^{2+}$ transport. The nonselective cation $La^{3+}$ abolishes $Mg^{2+}$ uptake. Computer analysis of the SLC41Al protein structure reveals that it belongs to MgtE protein family & suggested that the human solute carrier, SLC41Al, might be a eukaryotic $Mg^{2+}$ transporter closely related $(60-70\%)$ protein encoded by SLC41A2 is a $Mg^{2}+$ transporter that might be involved in magnesium homeostasis in epithelial cells also transports a range of other divalent cations: $Ba^2,\;Ni^2,\;CO^2,\;Fe^2,\;or\;Mn^2,\;but\;not\;Ca^2,\;Zn^2,\;or\;Cu^{2+}$ that may have related functional properties.

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심미 증례 환자의 효과적인 상담 전략 (Effective consultation strategy for patients of aesthetic case)

  • 김주미
    • 대한심미치과학회지
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    • 제22권1호
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    • pp.74-82
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    • 2013
  • 현대사회는 TV나 인터넷 등 대중매체의 노출과 스마트 폰 보급으로 급성장한 SNS 등을 통해 이미지에 대한 지각이 신체관련 소비행동에까지 영향을 미치고 있으며 그로 인해 본인이 가지고 있는 콤플렉스에 대한 개선을 원하는 심미 증례 환자의 수요 역시 증가하고 있습니다. 심미적인 치료를 희망하는 환자군은 일반진료를 받는 환자군에 비해 더욱 적극적인 성향을 보이며, 이미지 개선에 대한 기대와 함께 기능적인 문제, 결과에 대한 만족도 등의 두려움을 가지고 있습니다. 심미 증례 환자의 상담에 있어서 가장 기본은 환자본인이 심미치료를 통해 개선하고 싶은 포인트가 어떤 것인지를 술자와 상담자가 정확하게 인지하는 것에서부터 출발합니다. 환자의 관점에서 시작되는 상담은 의학적인 분야의 접근을 통해 합의 즉 이상적인 것과 자연스러움의 균형점을 찾는 방식으로 진행됩니다. 초기 상담부터 각 진료단계별 상담 process를 구축하고 단계별 상담 내용을 정확하게 기재하여 술자 및 진료staff이 공유하며, 초기상담부터 Maintenance care까지 일관성 있는 정책을 운영하여 환자에게 무리한 기대를 주고 공감하지 못하는 결과로 실망을 초래하는 상담이 아닌 진정한 소통이 바탕이 되어 환자, 술자, 진료staff이 만족할 수 있는 결과를 이끄는 상담이 가능해 집니다. 심미 증례의 유형별 case를 통해 환자와의 공감을 바탕으로 한 심미 증례 환자의 효과적인 상담전략을 소개합니다.

Oral Screen의 임상 적용에 대한 고찰 (APPLICATION OF AN ORAL SCREEN)

  • 박소영;정태성;김신
    • 대한소아치과학회지
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    • 제27권2호
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    • pp.246-250
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    • 2000
  • Oral screen은 가장 기본적인 기능성 장치로서, 근육의 변화를 도모하여 비정상적인 근육형태와 연관된 초기부정교합의 개선에 적합하다. 이것은 혀와 buccinator mechanism사이의 근평형을 향상시켜, 정상적인 성장이 가능하도록 한다. Oral screen은, (1) 손가락빨기 혀내밀기, 입술깨물기 등의 구강습관, (2) 기도가 열려있을 때의 구호흡, (3) 상악전돌경향을 동반한 경미한 원심교합, (4) 유치열과 혼합치열에서의 개방교합, (5) 무력순 등을 개선하는데 사용된다. Oral screen은 매일 밤, 그리고 가능하다면 낮에도 장착하여야 한다. 장치의 효과는 구순폐쇄훈련을 시행함으로써 발휘된다. 장치를 장착하는 동안, 입술은 장치의 효과를 높이고 구순폐쇄를 향상시키기 위해 항상 접촉한 상태로 유지되어야 한다. 본 증례는 구호흡과 무력순을 보이며 각각 상악절치의 순측경사와 치은비대, 개방교합 양상을 보이는 2명의 어린이환자에게 구순폐쇄훈련을 병행하면서 oral screen을 장착한 결과, 구호흡경향이 줄어들어 치은부종이 감소하였고 구순의 근력과 길이는 증가하여 구순폐쇄가 원활해졌다. 아울러 상악 절치의 경사도가 감소되어 개방교합의 치료에 효과적임을 알 수 있었다.

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위암에서 발견된 돌연변이형 Fas 단백의 기능적 결함 (Functional Defect of the Fas Mutants Detected in Gastric Cancers)

  • 박원상;조용구;김창재;박조현;김영실;김수영;남석우;이석형;유남진;이정용
    • Journal of Gastric Cancer
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    • 제3권4호
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    • pp.186-190
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    • 2003
  • Purpose: The balance between cell proliferation and apoptosis is crucial for homeostatic maintenance in a cell population. Decreased apoptosis or uncontrolled proliferation can lead to cancer. The Fas receptor signal through a cytoplasmic death domain is very important in the apoptotic pathway. To identify the effect of the death domain of the Fas gene in the development and/or progression of gastric cancer, we examined the apoptotic potential of five known Fas mutants detected in gastric cancers. Materials and Methods: A wild-type Fas gene was cloned with cDNA from normal liver tissue and full length Fas was sequenced. Mutants of the gene were generated with sitedirected mutagenesis by using the wild-type gene and specific primers. Wild- and mutant-type genes were transfected to HEK293 cells. Forty-eight hours after transfection the cells were stained with DAPI and cell death was counted under fluorescent microscopy. Results: In wild-type Fas-transfected cells, the percentage of apoptotic cells was $85.9\pm3.6\%$, and significant cell death and classic morphologic signs of apoptosis were observed. However, the percentages of apoptotic cells transfected with N239D, E240G, D244V, and R263H of tumor-derived mutant Fas were $29.5\pm2.08\%,\;28.5\pm3.34\%,\;25.225\pm2.06\%,\;and\;36.625\pm4.49\%$, respectively. Conclusion: These results suggest that inactivation of Fas caused by mutations in the death domain of the Fas gene may be one of the possible escape mechanisms against Fas-mediated apoptosis and that inactivating mutation of the Fas may contribute to the development or progression of gastric cancers.

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몰핀에 민감화된 흰쥐의 내관부위 자침이 행동과 측핵의 도파민 유리에 미치는 효과 (Effect of Acupuncture(PC6) on Behavior, Dopamine Release in the Nucleus Accumbens in Rats Sensitized to Morphine)

  • 김상호;류승준;김태헌;강형원;류영수
    • 동의생리병리학회지
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    • 제19권4호
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    • pp.982-992
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    • 2005
  • Acupuncture as a therapeutic intervention is widely used for the treatment of many functional disorders such as substance abuse and mental dysfunction. Clinical trials are currently underway to determine the effectiveness of acupuncture in the treatment of drug addiction. Yet, there are still many unanswered questions about the basic mechanism of acupuncture. Studies have shown that both the psychomotor stimulant effects and rewarding properties of addictive drugs, including morphine, are sensitized by repeated drug administration and raised the possibility that both of these effects may De linked to the same or closely overlapping the mesolimbic dopamine systems. Neiguan (PC6) point on the pericardium channel which is associated with the brain and its mental function, has been used to treat mental, psychosomatic disorders and gastroenterological disorders. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of acupuncture on repeated morphine-induced changes in extracellular dopamine levels using in vivo microdialysis and to measure the effect of acupuncture on repeated morphine-induced behavioral changes. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were treated twice a day for three days with increasing doses of morphine (10, 20 and 40 mg/kg, s.c.) or with saline. After 15 days of withdrawal, rats were challenged with morphine hydrochloride (5 mg/kg, s.c.). Acupuncture was applied at bilateral Neiguan (PC6) points for 1min after the morphine challenge. Results showed that acupuncture at the specific acupoint PC6, but not at control points (tail and HE8) significantly decreased both dopamine release, behavior induced by a systemic morphine challenge or a single s.c. morphine injection in the morphine-repeated animals. These results suggest that reduction in sensitization may be one mechanism whereby acupuncture alleviates morphine craving in addicts. Moreover, in a more general sense these results suggest that acupuncture can be used as a therapeutic intervention for correcting reversible malfunction of the body by direction of brain pathway and thus acupuncture can contribute to the biochemical balance in the central nervous system by regulating neurotransmitters.

Gender-independent efficacy of mesenchymal stem cell therapy in sex hormone-deficient bone loss via immunosuppression and resident stem cell recovery

  • Sui, Bing-Dong;Chen, Ji;Zhang, Xin-Yi;He, Tao;Zhao, Pan;Zheng, Chen-Xi;Li, Meng;Hu, Cheng-Hu;Jin, Yan
    • Experimental and Molecular Medicine
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    • 제50권12호
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    • pp.12.1-12.14
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    • 2018
  • Osteoporosis develops with high prevalence in both postmenopausal women and hypogonadal men. Osteoporosis results in significant morbidity, but no cure has been established. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) critically contribute to bone homeostasis and possess potent immunomodulatory/anti-inflammatory capability. Here, we investigated the therapeutic efficacy of using an infusion of MSCs to treat sex hormone-deficient bone loss and its underlying mechanisms. In particular, we compared the impacts of MSC cytotherapy in the two genders with the aim of examining potential gender differences. Using the gonadectomy (GNX) model, we confirmed that the osteoporotic phenotypes were substantially consistent between female and male mice. Importantly, systemic MSC transplantation (MSCT) not only rescued trabecular bone loss in GNX mice but also restored cortical bone mass and bone quality. Unexpectedly, no differences were detected between the genders. Furthermore, MSCT demonstrated an equal efficiency in rectifying the bone remodeling balance in both genders of GNX animals, as proven by the comparable recovery of bone formation and parallel normalization of bone resorption. Mechanistically, using green fluorescent protein (GFP)-based cell-tracing, we demonstrated rapid engraftment but poor inhabitation of donor MSCs in the GNX recipient bone marrow of each gender. Alternatively, MSCT uniformly reduced the $CD3^+T$-cell population and suppressed the serum levels of inflammatory cytokines in reversing female and male GNX osteoporosis, which was attributed to the ability of the MSC to induce T-cell apoptosis. Immunosuppression in the microenvironment eventually led to functional recovery of endogenous MSCs, which resulted in restored osteogenesis and normalized behavior to modulate osteoclastogenesis. Collectively, these data revealed recipient sexually monomorphic responses to MSC therapy in gonadal steroid deficiency-induced osteoporosis via immunosuppression/anti-inflammation and resident stem cell recovery.

입체적 도시기반시설로서 완충녹지의 공원화 계획 - 대구광역시 신매시장 완충녹지 공원화 계획을 사례로 - (Transforming a Buffer Green into an Urban Park as Multi-functional Green Infrastructure - A Case of the Buffer Green of Sinmae Market in Daegu, Korea -)

  • 김미연;민병욱
    • 한국조경학회지
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    • 제49권2호
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    • pp.101-112
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    • 2021
  • 도시재생이라는 화두와 관련하여 전통시장에 대한 환경개선의 노력이 지속되고 있다. 특히, 주차공간의 미비는 많은 구도시와 재래시장이 겪고 있는 문제이다. 이에 대한 해법으로 기존 도시계획시설을 입체화하여 지하 주차공간을 마련하고, 그 상부를 더 의미 있는 공간으로 활용하려는 시도가 이어지는 추세이다. 본 연구는 대구광역시 수성구 신매동 571번지 완충녹지에 지하 주차장을 조성하면서 상부의 완충녹지를 공원화하는 기본계획안에 대한 기록이다. 대상지를 도심녹지로서의 기능을 유지하며 생태적으로 보존되어야 할 '방어적인 녹지'와 시장으로의 보행 흐름과 이벤트가 집중되는 '적극적인 활동 공간'이라는 이중적인 가치를 지닌 공간으로 정의하고, 이 가치의 균형을 맞출 수 있는 구체적인 설계전략 세가지를 제시하였다. 첫째, 사람의 무분별한 점용과 훼손을 방지하고, 건강한 식생환경을 유지하기 위해 분절되지 않은 최대한의 녹지면적을 확보한다. 둘째, 좁고 긴 대상지의 형태적 특성을 극복할 수 있는 공간배치와 지형 및 식재계획으로, 풍부한 녹색공간의 체험을 가능하게 한다. 셋째, 다양한 도시의 문화활동을 집중적으로 수용할 수 있으며, 신매시장, 고산도서관 등 인근 도시 시설과의 연결을 강화할 수 있는 공간을 제공한다. 본 연구는 도시기반시설의 입체화 계획시 조경적 접근방법의 담론을 확장하는 데 목적을 두며, 향후 유사한 맥락을 가진 도시재생 프로젝트에 시사점을 제공하는 데 학술적 의의가 있다.

만성뇌졸중 환자의 웰니스 증진을 위한 신체기능과 낙성전조동작의 관련성 연구 (A Study on the Relationship between Body Function and Prelusive Movement to Falls to Promote Wellness in Chronic Stroke Patients)

  • 박창식;김진영
    • 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회논문지
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    • 제15권7호
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    • pp.181-192
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    • 2021
  • 이 연구의 목적은 만성 뇌졸중 환자의 낙상 전조 동작과 다양한 신체 기능과의 관련성을 알아봄으로써 뇌졸중 환자의 낙상 연구에 관한 기초 자료를 제공하고자 실시하였다. 연구 대상은 뇌졸중으로 편마비 진단을 받고 N병원에서 입원 치료를 받고 있는 환자 중 연구에 동의한 환자 75명을 대상으로 실시한 결과 낙상 유무에 따른 일반의학적 특성에서 성별, 연령, 신장, 체중, BMI, 진단명, 마비 유형, 유병 기간에서는 차이가 없었으나 보행 보조 도구 사용(독립보행, 네발 지팡이, 외발 지팡이)에서는 비낙상군이 1회 낙상군과 다발성 낙상군과 비교하여 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 낙상 전조 동작에 영향을 주는 요인을 알아본 결과 일어서기에서는 STS, FM-하지 운동 기능 순이었으며, 일어서기 시도에서는 FM-하지 운동 기능, STS, 연령, TIS-동적 균형, OLST-마비측 순이었다. 일어선 직후 균형 잡기에서는 FM-하지 운동 기능이 영향을 주었고, 서서 균형 잡기에서는 FM-하지 운동 기능, OLST-마비측, TIS-협응력 순이었다. 살짝 밀기에서는 FM-총합이 영향을 주었으며, 서서 눈 감고 균형 잡기에서는 STS, 연령, OLST-비마비측, FM-하지 운동 기능, TIS-정적 균형, OLST-마비측, TIS-동적 균형 순이었다. 360도 회전하기에서는 TIS-협응력, FM-하지 운동 기능, FM-상지 운동 기능 순이었다. 이상의 결과로 볼 때, 만성 뇌졸중 환자의 낙상 전조 동작과 다양한 신체 기능과의 관련성을 확인함으로써 낙상을 예방하기 위한 마비측 하지 근력 강화와 더불어 정상적인 보행 주기 및 체중 부하에 입각한 집중적인 균형, 체간조절, 보행 대칭성 훈련 등이 필요하며, 외적인 자극에 대한 최적의 운동 반응을 유도할 수 있는 고유수용성 감각 훈련이 병행되어야 할 것이다.

Available phosphorus levels modulate gene expression related to intestinal calcium and phosphorus absorption and bone parameters differently in gilts and barrows

  • Julia Christiane Votterl;Jutamat Klinsoda;Simone Koger;Isabel Hennig-Pauka;Doris Verhovsek;Barbara U. Metzler-Zebeli
    • Animal Bioscience
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    • 제36권5호
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    • pp.740-752
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    • 2023
  • Objective: Dietary phytase increases bioavailability of phytate-bound phosphorus (P) in pig nutrition affecting dietary calcium (Ca) to P ratio, intestinal uptake, and systemic utilization of both minerals, which may contribute to improper bone mineralization. We used phytase to assess long-term effects of two dietary available P (aP) levels using a one-phase feeding system on gene expression related to Ca and P homeostasis along the intestinal tract and in the kidney, short-chain fatty acids in stomach, cecum, and colon, serum, and bone parameters in growing gilts and barrows. Methods: Growing pigs (37.9±6.2 kg) had either free access to a diet without (Con; 75 gilts and 69 barrows) or with phytase (650 phytase units; n = 72/diet) for 56 days. Samples of blood, duodenal, jejunal, ileal, cecal, and colonic mucosa and digesta, kidney, and metacarpal bones were collected from 24 pigs (6 gilts and 6 barrows per diet). Results: Phytase decreased daily feed intake and average daily gain, whereas aP intake increased with phytase versus Con diet (p<0.05). Gilts had higher colonic expression of TRPV5, CDH1, CLDN4, ZO1, and OCLN and renal expression of TRPV5 and SLC34A3 compared to barrows (p<0.05). Phytase increased duodenal expression of TRPV5, TRPV6, CALB1, PMCA1b, CDH1, CLDN4, ZO1, and OCLN compared to Con diet (p<0.05). Furthermore, phytase increased expression of SCL34A2 in cecum and of FGF23 and CLDN4 in colon compared to Con diet (p<0.05). Alongside, phytase decreased gastric propionate, cecal valerate, and colonic caproate versus Con diet (p<0.05). Phytase reduced cortical wall thickness and index of metacarpal bones (p<0.05). Conclusion: Gene expression results suggested an intestinal adaptation to increased dietary aP amount by increasing duodenal trans- and paracellular Ca absorption to balance the systemically available Ca and P levels, whereas no adaption of relevant gene expression in kidney occurred. Greater average daily gain in barrows related to higher feed intake.

어깨뼈 운동 이상증을 가진 청소년기 야구선수들을 위한 물리치료적 프로그램: 어깨뼈 안정화 운동과 동반된 뒤쪽 어깨 스트레칭(PSSE) 중재 후 효과 비교 (A Physiotherapy Program for Adolescent Baseball Players with Scapular Dyskinesis: Comparison of the effects of posterior shoulder stretching combined with scapular stabilization exercises (PSSE))

  • 이건철;김현수;추연기
    • 대한통합의학회지
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    • 제12권1호
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    • pp.139-150
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    • 2024
  • Purpose : Scapular dyskinesis, it have been shown to be common in overhead athletes and has been associated with RC muscle strength. Posterior shoulder tightness (PST) has been suggested as an important factor causing scapular dyskinesis. Therefore, rehabilitation programs should focus on a posterior shoulder stretch combined with scapular stabilization exercise (PSSE) intervention. Determine the effects of posterior shoulder stretch combined with scapular stabilization exercise on the rotator cuff (RC) muscles strength, functional strength ratio (FSR), range of motion (ROM), and pain. Methods : 30 adolescent baseball players participated and subjects were allocated PSSE group (n=15) or the SSE group (n=15). Both group performed a 6-weeks intervention and measured of isokinetic peak torque/body weight (PT/BW) of concentric external rotator (CER), eccentric external rotator (EER), concentric internal rotator (CIR), eccentric internal rotator (EIR), FSR, ROM, and pain. Results : After 6 weeks PSSE, significant increase CER PT/BW (+6.02±4.76 %), EER PT/BW (+5.39±4.22 %), EER to CIR ratio (+.17±.16), and internal rotation ROM (+15.08±3.57 °). Whereas, significant decrease EIR to CER ratio (-.14±.18), external rotation ROM (-12.00±6.94 °), and GIRD (-17.41±2.84 °) compared with pre-intervention. No significant difference of isokinetic PT/BW of CIR and EER post-intervention. In the SSE group showed no significant difference all measurements for isokinetic PT/BW, FSR, and ROM post-intervention. The pain was significant improve both PSSE group (-3.25±1.60) and SSE group (-2.83±1.85) post-intervention. Conclusion : Both the PSSE and SSE interventions led to more pain relief. However, only the PSSE group showed ROM, CER, EER PT/BW, and FSR improvements. These results might suggest that the PSSE intervention is a more effective program for improving RC muscle strength and balance, in particular, concentric and eccentric ER muscle strength, FSR and can expect to prevent shoulder injuries in adolescent baseball players with scapular dyskinesis.