• 성인간호학회지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.540-545
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to compare level of functional independence and its correlates among community-dwelling older adults in rural areas between South Korea and the United Sates. Methods: The study employed a comparative and correlational design. Data were collected from 198 community-dwelling older adults in rural areas (South Korea=100, & US = 98). Functional independence, cognitive function, obesity and general characteristics were measured. Results: From both countries, approximately fifteen percent of older adults living independently had cognitive problems without any treatments. Among Korean older adults functional independence was associated with a number of chronic diseases and aging while in the United States the participants had a negative correlation with obesity and aging. Conclusion: For Korean older adults in rural areas, nurses should focus on monitoring older adults' abilities to manage chronic illness and designing self-management programs while in the United States the focus should be on healthy lifestyle programs about exercise and diet to increase functional independence.

• 음성과학
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• 제3권
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• pp.18-25
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• 1998

Background: The results of treatment in functional velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) was not good compared to physician's common practice. Objectives: Authors conducted this study to evaluate the efficacy of fat injection on posterior pharyngeal wall in the functional velopharyngeal insufficiency as the supportive treatment. Materials and Methods: The preoperative assessment includes history of patients, the perceptual analysis of patient's voice, nasopharyngoscopic finding of velopharyngeal movements, nasometer, movement findings of soft palate during phonation and swalling. Fat which was taken from umbilical area was injected in 5 patients with conducted functional velopharyngeal insufficiency. Results: All 5 patients had good results in voice quality after fat injection. Conclusions: Fat injection is a good treatment method in functional velopharyngeal insufficiency as a supportive method.

• 한국가구학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.342-354
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• 2012

This study aimed at acknowledging characteristics of space usage and suggesting orientation of space planning and furniture designing that meet various residents' demands correlating with residential area, furniture and family members by doing fact finding of volume of the furniture in medium/small sized apartment. The contents of the study are "experience of functional remodeling," "a number of bedrooms correlating with a number of family" and "furniture arrangement of each space and characteristics of space utilization" based on forty six cases. Followings are results of the study. 1) It was acknowledged that the function of space relating to family members largely depends on furniture arrangement correlating with age of children. It is needed that flexible planning of residential area to meets growing children and various family demands. 2) Functional remodeling requires furniture rearrangement attended with the remodeling. Thus, it is required that ideas in more simple and efficient furniture designing and consideration of construction environment embracing that ideas. 3) It can be acknowledged that the most demanding matter to enjoy satisfied and comfortable life in residential area is the matter of storage area. It is also understandable that the matter can be worse by time going by and the change of living pattern. Therefore, it is required that the consideration of enough storage area compatible with its function of the room and the planning of built-in furniture for storage.

• 농촌계획
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.39-47
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• 2003

This study was carried out to find out the time-dependent change of central functions in the depopulated rural areas. Three county areas were selected for the case study ; Haenam(as a remote flat area), Goksung(as an intermediate mountainous area), and Hwasun(as a peri-urban area). For each district area administered by each county, service facilities stock was surveyed at both the present('02) and the past('89 or '94)time, and its functional index checked. From the study results, table-tennis rooms, oil shops and inns were ascertained to be disappeared now in the absolute or real terms, while beer halls, restaurants and bakeries to be sharply increased. Generally, in spite of the substantial depopulation in the past decade, service facilities stock has been increased in and concentrated to the highest order center of rural area (county office seated district). However, where this center leans to the outer side of its county area and to the opposite direction against the regional center, the dependent level of service function on the highest center have decreased.

• Carbon letters
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.31-35
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• 2003

The specific adsorption behaviors of activated carbons (ACs) treated with 30 wt% $H_3PO_4$ or NaOH were investigated in the removals of NO or $NH_3$. The acid and base values were determined by Boehm's titration method. And, the surface properties of ACs were studied by FT-IR and XPS analyses. Also, $N_2/77K$ adsorption isotherm characteristics, including the specific surface area and micropore volume were studied by BET and t-plot methods, respectively. From the adsorption tests of NO and $NH_3$, it was revealed in the case of acidic treatment on ACs that the $NH_3$ removal was more effective due to the increase of acidic functional groups in carbon surfaces. Also, the NO removal was increased, in the case of basic treatment, due to the improvement of basic functional groups, in spite of significant decreases of BET's specific surface area and total pore volume. It was found that the adsorption capacity of ACs was not only determined by the textural characteristics but also correlated with the surface functional groups in the acid-base intermolecular interactions.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.280-289
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• 2016

Silica microgel was prepared by sol-gel process and then functional groups, epoxy group and ethoxy group, were introduced on the particle by coupling treatment with 3-glysidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane. The functional silica microgel(functional SiGel) formation was identified using FT-IR spectrometry. Phase stability for DMF solution of functional SiGel, PU resin and pigment was evaluated by Turbiscan Lab. And physical properties of artificial suede including hand values, morphology and dyeing fastness were investigated. The mean particle size and the specific surface area of the functional SiGel were $0.77{\mu}m$ and $380m^2/g$. Mixture containing the functional SiGel, PU resin and pigment was more stable than the functional SiGel-free mixed solution. Artificial suede prepared by the functional SiGel had appearance and feeling close to natural suede. The migration fastness, the solvent wicking fastness and rubbing fastness of the artificial suede were enhanced to 4~5 grades, 4~5 grades and 3~4 grades, respectively.

• 융합신호처리학회 학술대회논문집
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• 한국신호처리시스템학회 2001년도 하계 학술대회 논문집(KISPS SUMMER CONFERENCE 2001
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• pp.73-76
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• 2001

High-level synthesis(HLS)는 주어진 동작(behavior)과 면적(area), 성능(performance), 전력 소비량, 패키징, 테스팅등의 주어진 제한을 만족하게 구현된 구조적 디자인을 생성한다. 즉 high-level synthesis란 디지털 시스템의 알고리즘 단계 서술로부터 레지스터 전달구조의 구현에 이르는 과정을 의미한다. 이러한 high-level synthesis의 과정은 컴파일, 분할(partitioning), 스케줄링(scheduling)등의 단계를 거쳐 디지털 시스템을 설계할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 high-level synthesis의 단계 중 스케줄링 과정에서 제한조건이 실리콘 면적으로 주어지는 경우에 최적의 functional unit의 수를 찾아내어 최소의 control step에 효과적으로 스케줄링 가능한 알고리즘을 제안하였다.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제27권4C호
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• pp.388-397
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• 2002

본 논문에서는 고성능 내장형 프로세서에서 멀티미디어 성능을 효과적으로 향상시킬 수 있는 SIMD-DSP/FPU를 설계하였다. 하드웨어 증가를 최소화하기 위해 기존 연산기의 분할 구조를 제시하였고 면적이 작은 연산기를 제안하였다. 연산기의 공유를 통해 FPU의 하드웨어 면적을 크게 줄였다. 제안된 구조는 HDL로 모델링되고 0.35 $\mu\textrm{m}$ 표준 셀 공정으로 합성되어, 약 십만 등가 게이트의 면적을 갖는 것으로 보고되었으며 최악조건에서 코어 주파수인 50MHz 이상으로 동작하는 것이 예상된다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2004년도 심포지엄 논문집 정보 및 제어부문
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• pp.80-82
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• 2004

Personal robot consist of various modules that have independent functions. Because personal robot has requirement that support various construction for user's tendency. Therefore, Middleware mechanism at support not only personal robot's main functional element but also embedded modules functional elements is required. Each module have various heterogeneous network interfaces and variable services and variables. Therefore, Middleware must support these various network interfaces. This paper, pointed in Controller Area Network(CAN) inreface that usually used in embedded system for control. For connect various heterogeneous network interfaces (Ethernet, RS232 etc..), it is necessary to modify bagic CAN frame format. And also make some kind of BUS topology for CAN network.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.378-385
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• 2016

본 연구는 유수역에 적용 시 효율성을 높일 수 있는 HGM(Hydrogeomorphic) 기능 평가 틀을 제안 하였고, 이와 더불어 유수역에 적합한 기준습지를 습지보호지역 중 유수역에 해당되는 곳에 적용함으로써 기준습지의 활용성 제고를 목적으로 하였다. 기능평가는 기존의 HGM 평가 틀을 기반으로 하였으나, 유수역의 특성을 반영하여 수문학적, 생지화학적, 식물서식처, 동물서식처 기능에 따른 총 10개 항목의 기능지수(Functional Capacity Index, FCI)를 산정하였다. 유수역에 적합한 기능평가 틀의 각 항목별 지수를 하도 습지보호지역인 2개소의 습지에 적용해 본 결과 인공호안 하도습지인 담양하천습지는 제외지내 식생 분포 면적비율, 단위면적당 식물종수, 버드나무 분포 면적비율 등의 값이 높게 분석되었고, 이들 변수 값이 반영된 양분 순환(947,668.00), 식물종풍부도 및 특징적인 식생 군집 유지(6.39), 서식처의 공간구조적 유지(11.00) 등의 기능지수 값이 상대적으로 높게 분석되었다. 자연호안 하도습지인 한반도습지는 담양하천습지에 비해 하천 규모가 크고, 생물종다양성과 관련된 변수값이 높았으며, 이와 관련된 에너지 감쇄(17,805.16), 지표하 저류(0.54), 이입된 원소와 화합물 제거(103,052.73), 잔재생체량 유지(2.31), 산포 및 연결성 유지(6.50), 저서성무척추동물의 종다양성(1.60), 척추동물의 종다양성 및 종수(2.52/ 151.50) 등에서 기능지수 값이 상대적으로 높게 분석되었다.