• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.234-241
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• 2010

사업장 가연성폐기물은 그 자체의 높은 발열량(3,000kcal/kg 이상)으로 인해 고형연료 원료로 매우 유용하게 사용할 수 있다. 현재 국내 대부분의 고형연료 제조업체는 제조가 쉽고 발열량이 높은 필름류 플라스틱을 주로 사용하고 있기 때문에 본 연구에서는 보다 다양한 폐기물을 이용하여 고형연료 제조 가능성을 알아보았다. 실험에 사용된 폐기물 중에서 폐합성수지, 폐타이어로 제조된 고형연료는 발열량이 6,000kcal/kg 이상을 나타내었으며 폐지, 폐목재가 혼합될 경우 발열량은 감소하였다.

• 공업화학
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.23-27
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• 2012

비식용 바이오매스로부터 합성액체연료를 생산하기 위해 바이오매스 가스화와 Fisher-Tropsch (FT) 반응을 연계하는 바이오매스 액화(BTL) 공정이 개발되고 있다. 그러나 바이오매스 가스화 내에 포함되어 있는 $H_2S$, COS 및 $CO_2$는 FT 반응의 효율을 저하시키고 촉매를 피독시키는 원인이 된다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 합성가스 내에 포함된 산성가스들의 제거를 위해 lab-scale 메탄올 흡수탑을 제작하여 산성가스 제거 특성을 고찰하였다. 메탄올 흡수탑 내의 온도, 압력, 메탄올 사용량 및 산성가스 농도에 따른 제거 성능의 영향을 고찰하였다. 메탄올 흡수탑은 $H_2S$, COS의 제거와 동시에 이산화탄소를 효율적으로 제거하여 바이오매스 액화 공정에 효율적으로 이용할 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• 한국연소학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.8-17
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• 2014

The aims of this research were to evaluate effects of biomass co-firing to pulverized coal power plants and the variation of co-firing ratios on the plant efficiency related to power consumption of auxiliary system and flue gas characteristics such as production and component by process simulation based on the existing pulverized coal power plant. In this study, four kinds of biomass are selected as renewable fuel candidates for co-firing: wood pellet(WP), palm kernel shell(PKS), empty fruit bunch(EFB) and walnut shell(WS). Process simulation for various biomass fuels and co-firing ratios was performed using a commercial software. Gas side including combustion system and flue gas treatment system was considering with combination of water and steam side which contains turbines, condenser, feed water heaters and pumps. As a result, walnut shell might be the most suitable as co-firing fuel among four biomass since when 10% of walnut shell was co-fired with 90% of coal on thermal basis, flue gas production and power consumption of auxiliary systems were the smallest than those of other biomass co-firing while net plant efficiency was relatively higher than those of other biomass co-firing. However, with increasing walnut shell co-firing ratios, boiler efficiency and net plant efficiency were expected to decrease rather than coal combustion without biomass co-firing.

• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.46-53
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• 2021

바이오매스는 자연에서 얻어진 화학적 에너지로 활용할 수 있으며 곡물, 식물, 동물과 미생물 등의 모든 유기체를 말한다. 별도의 처리과정을 거치지 않아도 재생 및 재활용이 가능하여 친환경적이며 주변에서 쉽게 얻을 수 있다는 이점이 있다. 한편, 바이오매스는 열분해 또는 발효 과정을 거쳐 바이오에너지 연료로 활용할 수 있다. 따라서 화석 연료의 고갈과 환경 영향 등의 문제 해결을 위한 대체 에너지 중 하나로 평가되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 바이오매스의 반탄화 처리가 가능한 523~573K의 온도 및 불활성 분위기 조건에서 다양한 바이오매스(톱밥, 볏짚, 쌀겨, 커피박, 폐목재) 내 탄소 함량을 높이는 공정을 진행하였다. 그리고, 반탄화한 바이오매스를 탄소 농도, 연소 거동 등을 조사하여 철강 산업 등에 활용할 수 있는 고체 연료로서의 가능성을 검토하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.90-95
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• 2004

우리나라 전역에 사방 및 연료림으로 대량 식재되어 소기의 목적을 달성함과 동시에 치산녹화 성공을 이루는데 크게 기여한 수종인 리기다소나무 제재목의 구조용집성재 라미나로서의 이용가능성을 고찰하였다. 건전한 임분 내에서 평균 흉고직경 32 cm인 리기다소나무를 벌채하여 말구직경 15 cm 이상으로 조재하였을 경우 80% 이상이 2등급 또는 3등급의 원목형질로 구분되어 리기다소나무의 제재목으로서의 이용가능성이 높다고 판단되었다. 구조용집성재 라미나용 주제품의 제재수율은 39.9%, 벽판재 수율은 7.2%, 부제품 수율은 8.1%로 총 원목의 55.2%가 판재로 제재되었다. 옹이를 제거하여 핑거가공한 후 제조한 구조용집성재의 제조수율은 15.3%로 평가되어 옹이를 제거하지 않은 판재의 라미나로의 이용을 위한 옹이재의 휨강도와 압축강도 등의 강도적 성능 평가와 더불어 최적의 라미나 배열을 통한 구조용집성재의 강도 감소 최소화를 위한 연구가 앞으로 필요하다고 판단된다. 본 연구에서 조사된 제재수율과 기타 가공수율 평가는 현재까지 목재산업현장에서 제재목으로의 이용이 거의 이루어지지 않고 있는 리기다소나무의 효율적인 생산계획을 수립하는데 사용되어질 수 있으리라 기대된다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제99권5호
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• pp.706-710
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• 2010

Understanding of chemical composition and energy contents in tree is important to develope strategies of renewable energy policy to cope with climate change. Residual biomass as renewable energy source was evaluated and focused on the bark-containing branches. Chemical analysis studies were conducted for different part of yellow poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera), which were partitioned to inner bark, outer bark, small branches, medium branches, big branches and trunk. The variations in hydrophobic extractives, hydrophilic extractives, lignin, carbohydrate compositions, energy contents (higher heating value) and the ash content were determined. The inner and outer bark had higher ash content, hydrophobic and hydrophilic extractives content, and higher energy content than those of tree trunk. Polysaccharides content in inner and outer bark was quite lower than those of stem or branches. Based on the energy content of residual biomass, replacement of fossil fuel and greenhouse gas emission abatement were calculated.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제37권10호
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• pp.81-90
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• 1999

This study investigated the present traditional Korean farmhouse based on a survey of 30 households from Oiam-Ri folk Village in Chung-Nam Province. This study was primarily concerned with the present housing; the size and plan of the house, lighting and heating, the finishing materials of anbang(the master's bedroom or ondol) and the kinds of fumiture. I was also interested in identifying the socio-demographic and physical variables that influenced the housing, both the ordinary farm households and the descendent of nobility households. Bibliographical studies, cultural approaches, field surveys with tape recordings, and questionnaires were used to collect the data. The results showed that the types of house plans were mixed from the southern region(one-line type) and middle region(courtyard type). The heating system and the fuel for the ondol anbang has changed entirely from wood burning system to oil boiler system. The finishing material of the anbang floor changed from traditional oil paper and straw mats to vinyl flooring. Traditional fumiture and small decor items are disappearing and are being replaced by modem items, but the descendents of the nobility household kept many traditional type of fumiture and small decor items.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국연소학회 2014년도 제49회 KOSCO SYMPOSIUM 초록집
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• pp.375-378
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• 2014

In this study, we carried out torrefaction experiment using PKS(Palm Kernel Shell), and Bagasse as a raw material of oversee of herbaceous biomass and using waste wood and logging residue as a raw material of domestic of woody biomass. And then, by analyzing the physical & chemical properties, we investigated the characteristics as a fuel. By using the result of thermo gravimetric analysis, the biomass residue was torrefied for 30 minutes at a temperature range of $250-350^{\circ}C$ in anaerobic condition. As a result, torrefied materials of moisture content are lower than raw, but of fixed carbon, calorific value and ash are higher than raw.

• 에너지공학
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.36-40
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• 2018

Climate change is one of the major issues in both the developed and developing world. Greenhouse gas (GHG) emission is one of the implications for climate change. It is increasing rapidly. Although the emission is much less when compared to the rest of the world, Ethiopia has also faced this global issue. The major source for GHG emission in Ethiopia is agriculture. Therefore, the agriculture sector has to be given more attention in Ethiopia. To overcome the problem, Climate-Resilient Green Economy (CRGE) strategy has been initiated. One way of executing this target is to create a sustainable and environmentally friendly pathway to use agricultural byproducts. Sugarcane is one of the major plants in Ethiopia. Its byproducts are bagasse, molasses, and press mud. Since it is a waste product, it is economical and creates a sustainable and green environment by reducing GHG emissions. Sugarcane byproducts have versatile applications like as fuel, as cement replacing material, as a mitigation for expansive soils, as biosorbent for the treatment of water and wastewater and also as a wood material. However, Ethiopia has not used this byproduct massively as it is readily available. This paper reviews the possible applications of sugarcane byproducts to mitigate climate change.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.412-417
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• 2018

Agroforestry is emerged as climate smart agriculture system and known to help in maintaining soil nutrient sustainability but its rate of expansion is still not appreciable. The present paper incorporates the different species under various agroforestry practices its density, growth and growing stock. The most dominated agroforestry practices in Bilaspur district identified as boundary tree based agri- silviculture (32%) followed with inside field tree based agri-silviculture (21%). Agri-horti-silvicultural system found merely in 5% farmer's field while silvo-pastoral practice in 8% fields. The result depicts that the most prevailing agroforestry tree species in non-forest area of Bilaspur comprises Acacia nilotica 36%, Butea monosperma 22%, Albizia spp 16%, Terminalia arjuna 7%, Azadirachta indica 3.5% and other species 15.5%. More than 90% farmer allows tree species growing naturally in their fields mainly for fuel wood, timber and as source of additional income as these species need not require special attention and care, while only 5% farmer's has adopted Tectona grandis, Dalbergia sissoo etc commercially for higher future return. The paper also discusses the constraints on agroforestry for enabling development of agroforestry in future.