• 한국토양비료학회지
• /
• 제49권5호
• /
• pp.449-455
• /
• 2016

'Gamhong' apple cultivar which was bred by National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, has high sugar contents, large types of fruit and mid-season types of cultivar. However, 'Gamhong' apple tree is very sensitive cultivar to bitter pit. Therefore, many farms have not solved the problems on bitter pit to cultivate 'Gamhong' apple tree. This study was carried out to find out the exposed length of rootstocks on the occurrence of bitter pit and fruit quality of 'Gamhong'/M.26 apple tree and seek the ideal cultivation strategy to decrease bitter pit to cultivate it. For this research, ten-years-old 'Gamhong'/M.26 apple trees were used. The difference among the treatments of the exposure of rootstock of RL (5 cm), RM (15 cm) and RH (20 cm) from the soil surface was observed with 4 repetition from 2010 to 2011. Decreased exposure of rootstocks resulted in more vigorous growth, taller height, and greater number of shoots. N and K/Ca of RH was tend to be lower than RM and RL, whereas as the exposure of rootstock decreased, fruit weight and bitter pit increased. Therefore, occurrence of bitter pit in RH was significantly lower than that of RM and RL treatment and fruit weight also decreased. There was no difference on nutrient contents of leaf and the fruit quality by the exposed of rootstock in 'Gamhong' M.26 apple tree. To reduce the occurrence of bitter pit, it may be helpful to keep the optimum exposure of rootstock within 20 cm from the soil surface.

• 한국환경농학회지
• /
• 제33권3호
• /
• pp.198-204
• /
• 2014

'신고'배에서 나타나는 과피얼룩과 발생을 경감하기 위하여 생육기 동안 몇 가지를 처리한 결과는 다음과 같다. 배과피얼룩 증상은 유과기(5월 25일)부터 발생하기 시작하여 수확 시까지 나타났으며 과육에는 전혀 발생하지 않았다. 과피얼룩과 발생은 수세가 정상적인 나무, 지베렐린 과경 도포 처리에서 현저하게 낮았으나, 아미노산 수체살포는 큰 차이가 없었다. 봉지에서는 칼슘이 코팅된 봉지 및 석회유황합제가 코팅된 봉지에서 과피얼룩과 발생이 낮았다. 봉지 내지에 석회유황합제 및 콩기름 도포는 과피얼룩이 아닌 약해를 유발시켰다. 과피얼룩 발생과의 수피 및 과피는 K 농도가 높았으나 엽에서는 T-N 및 K 농도는 오히려 낮았다.

• 생물환경조절학회지
• /
• 제17권4호
• /
• pp.306-311
• /
• 2008

본 연구는 2001년부터 2003년까지 '후지'/M.9가 재식된 밀식사과원에서 적정 수세와 적정 착과량을 조사하였다. 엽과비는 평균 과중(y=1.715x+205.02, $R^2=0.66^{**}$)과 수량(y=-35.156x+5963.7, $R^2=0.44^{**}$)에서 고도로 유의한 상관이 있는 것으로 나타났고, 주당엽수와 평균 과중 또한 상관이 있었다. 그러나 착과량에 따른 수체생육, 과실품질 요인중 당도 및 착색도에서는 처리간 차이가 없었다. 격년결실이 발생하지 않으면서 300g 이상의 과실을 생산하는 기준은 엽과비는 55 수준에서 착과량이 주당 약 $55{\sim}64$개의 수준이 적합하였다. '후지'/M.9 밀식재배시 성목기의 안정된 수세 기준은 평균 신초장이 $20{\sim}25cm$, 신초 정지율이 95% 이상수준을 보여야 되는 것으로 판단되며, 보다 세부적으로는 2차 생장이 거의 발생되지 않으며 과대지 비율은 적어도 $20{\sim}30%$ 정도 되어야 할 것으로 판단되었다.

• 현장농수산연구지
• /
• 제14권1호
• /
• pp.47-59
• /
• 2012

사과 '후지'에서 유기 칼슘화합물(ACa)을 수관살포 농도별 및 생육후반기 횟수별 처리한 후 과실의 칼슘농도, 동녹 발생 및 과실품질에 미치는 영향을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 생육기간중 ACa 수관살포의 적정농도는 엽에는 125배에서 1,000배, 과실에서는 125배 이었다. 생육기간중 ACa 500배 수관살포 적정횟수는 엽에는 1회 (9월 25일) ~ 3회 (9월 25일, 10월 5일, 15일), 과피에는 1회 (9월 25일), 과육에서는 2회 (9월 25일, 10월 5일) ~ 3회(9월 25일, 10월 5일, 15일)이었다. ACa 생육후반기 농도 및 살포 횟수 수관살포에 의한 약해발생은 육안으로 발견하지 못하였다.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
• /
• 제51권1호
• /
• pp.48-55
• /
• 2013

지금까지 오디는 누에 사육을 위한 뽕나무 재배를 하고 남은 나무에서 생산되는 부산물로 여겨져 왔으나, 오디가 생산량과 소비가 크게 늘어나면서 새로운 소득작목으로 정착되어 가고 있다. 그러나 기상재해에 의한 피해로 오디 안정생산이 문제가 되고 있어 농업재해보험 도입이 필요하다. 농업재해 보험 도입을 위한 기초 연구로서 오디 생산용 뽕나무 재배양식, 수형, 품종별 결실수, 오디 균핵병 발생양상, 생산량 및 판매가격 등을 조사하였으며, 그 결과는 아래와 같다. 10a당 뽕나무 식재주수는 낮추만들기에 적합한 품종을 재배하는 부안과 양평지역이 많았으며, 크게 재배하는 고창지역은 적었다. 최장 결과모지당 오디 결실수는 과상 2호, 수원뽕, 익수뽕, 청일뽕 순으로 많았으며, 오디 균핵병 발병율은 과상2호, 익수뽕, 청일뽕, 수원뽕 순으로 높았다. 10a당 오디 수확량은 청일뽕, 과상2호, 수원뽕, 익수뽕 순으로 많았으며, 수령별 수확량은 나무수령이 오래될수록 많았으나, 과상 2호는 어린 나무가 많았다. 오디 판매가격은 경기도 양평지역이 가장 높았으며, 고창지역이 가장 낮았다.

• 농업과학연구
• /
• 제49권3호
• /
• pp.561-570
• /
• 2022

This study investigated the changes in planting environment and growing conditions of 'Arisoo' apple trees under shading net treatments. Apple tree canopies were fully covered with Blue (blue color net, mesh size: 4 mm × 5 mm), Black-A (black color net, mesh size: 4 mm × 5 mm), Black-B (black color net, mesh size: 5 mm × 6 mm), and uncovered trees were used as the control. Inside the tree canopies, the illuminance was observed as 100% (85.0 Klux) in the control, but it decreased to 75% (64.3 Klux) in the Blue, 73% (63.0 Klux) in the Black-A, and 77% (65.9 Klux) in the Black-B nets, respectively. The solar irradiance was observed as 755 w·m^-3 in the control, but it was decreased to 715 w·m^-3 in the Blue, 624 w·m^-3 in the Black-A, and 647 w·m^-3 in the Black-B nets, respectively. The average daily temperature was observed to be the highest in the Black-A net (31.8℃) while it was observed to be around 30.0℃ in the control, Blue, and Black-B nets. In addition, the average fruit surface temperature was observed to be the highest (39.4℃) in the control, but it was decreased to 38.1℃ in the Blue, 37.3℃ in the Black-A, and 39.0℃ in the Black-B nets. However, the average soil temperature, the shoot growth rate, and leaf SPAD values were not different in all the treatments. Fruit sunburn disorders were the highest in the control while it was observed to be lower in the fruits from trees covered with the shading nets. However, at harvest, the fruit quality parameters were not different in all the treatments. Overall, this study suggests that the apple trees covered with the shading nets reduced the illuminance, solar irradiance, fruit surface temperature, and fruit sunburn disorders. However, the shading nets did not affect tree growth and apple fruit quality.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
• /
• 제31권4호
• /
• pp.414-420
• /
• 2015

Antifungal activities of crude extractum of Nanshancha Seed Cake (NSC), to inactivate postharvest pathogens were investigated. Highest inhibitory rate was found against C. musae, C. gloeosporioides and C. papaya P.Henn, which was much stronger than that by tea saponin. Compared to tea saponin, effects of NSC extractum was relatively weak and similar on C. gloeosporioides Penzig and P. italicum. In an in vivo study, best controlling effects by NSC extractum was found with banana anthracnose disease development, which showed no inhibitory effects by tea saponin. NSC extractum controlled in vitro C. musae growth through directly inhibiting germination rate and germ tube elongation, and causing distortation, rupture and indentation of C. musae mycelium. In banana fruit subject to C. musae inoculation, higher PAL, POD, GLU and CHT activity was observed in banana fruit treated with crude NSC extractum than that of water control fruits. Current study proved the best controlling effects of crude NSC extractum in C. musae in vitro and in vivo development, which through direct inhibition of C. musae growth and increasing defense system of the banana fruit.

• 한국산림과학회지
• /
• 제105권1호
• /
• pp.73-77
• /
• 2016

다래의 결과지 길이에 따른 다래 과실수와 과실무게를 조사하여 결과지와 과실특성과의 상관관계를 구명하고자 하였다. 다래의 결과지가 15 cm 이하와 30 cm 이상의 경우, 평균 무게와 평균과실수는 각각 11.7 g과 12.3 g 그리고 4.6개와 13.8개였다. 그 결과 15 cm 미만의 결과지는 불량한 과실특성결과를 가져오므로 동계전정시 제거하여야 한다. 전정이 다래 과실등급별 생산량에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 전정실험을 실시하였다. 결과모지는 80개, 결과모지의 80%를 자르는 강전정 처리구에서는 과실 총 생산량이 본당 평균 $14.3{\pm}1.5kg$이었으며, 이중 대과(15 g 이상)이 $8.2{\pm}0.9kg$, 중과(10~15 g)이 $4.0{\pm}0.7kg$ 그리고 소과(10 g 이하)이 $2.1{\pm}0.3kg$ 생산되었다. 무처리구에서는 과실 총 생산량이 본당 평균 $26.7{\pm}2.1kg$이었으며, 이중 대과는 $2.5{\pm}0.5kg$, 중과 $19.2{\pm}1.4kg$ 그리고 소과 $5.0{\pm}0.6kg$ 생산되었다. 특히, 전정처리구와 무처리구에서 15 g 이상 대과의 무게분포를 보면 무처리구는 대부분 15~16 g의 과실이 분포하였으나, 전정처리구는 15~20 g 이상까지 고르게 분포하는 것으로 나타났다. 전정을 실시하지 않는 경우 15 g 이상의 대과 생산이 쉽지 않을 것으로 판단되며, 생과용 대과 및 특과 생산을 위해서는 적절한 동계전정이 필요하다.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
• /
• 제25권1호
• /
• pp.35-41
• /
• 2009

Agroforestry combines agriculture and forestry technologies to create more integrated, diverse, productive, profitable, healthy and sustainable land-use systems. This study was performed in three union of Chhagalnaiya Upazila (Sub-district; administrative entity) under Feni district, Southern Bangladesh with a view to identify the tree resources, utilization pattern and economic return of major fruit and timber tree species. Information collected from a total of 45 households ranging from marginal, small, medium and large categories. Number of plant species increased with the increase of homestead area. A total of 39 plant species were recorded from the homegarden, of which 23 were fruit and 16 were timber tree species. Considerable number of vegetables was also planted under the shade of the homestead trees. The investment analysis showed that average benefit-cost ratios were greater than one, net present values were positive and internal rate of returns were more than 10%. Long term investment on horticulture and timber tree species is highly profitable if species like Swietenia mahagoni and Tectona grandis, Spondias pinnata, Syzygium cumini and Areca catechu were planted.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
• /
• 제36권5호
• /
• pp.509-514
• /
• 2020

Satsuma dwarf virus (SDV) seriously damages citrus production by reducing the quality and yield of fruit. To avoid contamination with SDV, mother trees are checked to be SDV-free in advance of nursery tree distribution. In this study, we compared an immunochromatographic assay (ICA) kit with double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) for large-scale diagnosis of SDV in orchardgrown trees in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan. The two methods gave conflicting results for 11 of 1,705 samples, all of which were negative by DAS-ELISA but positive by ICA. The samples scored as positive by either DAS-ELISA or ICA were analyzed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and all were confirmed to be positive. These results validate the use of ICA as a screening method for large-scale diagnosis. Strain discrimination revealed that 16 of 22 isolates belonged to SDV, while citrus mosaic virus (CiMV) infection only and co-infection (SDV and CiMV) were in a minority.