• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.57 no.5
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• pp.513-516
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• 2019

Human sparganosis is a food-borne zoonosis mainly caused by the plerocercoid belonging to the genus Spirometra. The most common clinical sign of sparganosis is a subcutaneous mass in the trunk including abdominal or chest wall. The mass may be mistaken for a malignant tumor, thereby causing difficulty in terms of diagnosis and treatment. A 66-year-old woman visited our clinic for the removal of a lipoma-like mass. It was movable, hard, and painless. we identified 2 white mass, measuring $0.2{\times}4cm$ and $0.2{\times}1cm$. Pathologic finding indicated the white mass was a sparganum. She recalled having eaten a raw frog approximately 60 years before. A 35-year-old who lived North Korea was also presented to our clinic with an asymptomatic nodule on her abdomen. Intraoperatively, we found sparganum approximately 24 cm size. Subcutaneous masses are associated with clinical signs of inflammation or they may mimic a soft tissue neoplasm. While the incidence rate of sparganosis has decreased with economic development and advancements in sanitation, surgeons still encounter patients with sparganosis in the clinical setting. Therefore, a careful history is required in order to diagnose sparganosis.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.85-92
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• 2022

The amphibian breeding habitat is confirmed by mating call. In some cases, the researcher directly identifies the amphibian individual, but in order to designate the habitat, it is necessary to map the mating call region of the amphibian population. Until now, it has been a popular methodology for researchers to hear mating calls and outline their breeding habitats. To improve this subjective methodology, we developed a technique for mapping mating call regions using Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). The technology uses a UAV, fitted with a sound recorder to record ground mating calls as it flies over an amphibian habitat. The core technology is to synchronize the recorded sound pressure with the flight log of the UAV and predict the sound pressure in a two-dimensional plane with probability density. For a demonstration study of this technology, artificial mating call was generated by a potable speaker on the ground and recorded by a UAV. Then, the recorded sound data was processed with an algorithm developed by us to map mating calls. As a result of the study, the correlation coefficient between the artificial mating call on the ground and the mating call map measured by the UAV was R=0.77. This correlation coefficient proves that our UAV recording system is sufficiently capable of detecting amphibian mating call regions.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.59 no.6
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• pp.635-638
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• 2021

In this study, we intended to describe a human case of lumbosacral canal sparganosis in People's Republic of China (China). A 56-year-old man was admitted to Xiangya Hospital Central South University in Changsha, Hunan province, China after having an experience of perianal pain for a week. An enhancing mass, a tumor clinically suggested, was showed at the S1-S2 level of the lumbosacral spine by the examination of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with gadolinium contrast. The patient was received the laminectomy from S1 to S2, and an ivory-white living worm was detected in inferior margin of L5. In ELISA-test with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum samples, anti-sparganum antibodies were detected. He had a ingesting history of undercooked frog meat in his youth. By the present study, a human case of spinal sparganosis invaded in lumbosacral canal at the S1-S2 level was diagnosed in China. Although the surgical removal of larvae is known to be the best way of treatment for sparganosis, we administered the high-dosage of praziquantel, albendazole and dexamethasone to prevent the occurrence of another remain worms in this study.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.127-130
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• 1975

Histological studies on the spleen of mud turtle(Amyda sinensis) in Korea were made and the results obtained were as follows: 1. Smooth muscle cells are absent in the capsule of the spleen, although reticular, elastic and collagenous fibers are presnet as in the spleen of other mammals. 2. The trabeculs of the spleen tissue are more highly developed than those of frog and do not extend as deeply into the splenic pulp as the trabecula of mammals. 3. The structure of blood system in the spleen is found to be similar to that of mammals. Particularly, the central arteries of spleen are more highly developed, but the splenic sinus appears to be less developed than that of mammals. 4. The ratio of red pulp and white pulp in the splenic pulp appears to be 1. 5. More hemopoietic cells are seen in the spleen of turtle than in the spleen of mammals.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.275-283
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• 1999

Korean R. plancyi occupies a restricted area in western South Korea and shows a relatively low level of genic variability (%P＝15.2, Ho=0.052, He＝0.048). In contrast, R. nigromaculata is broadly distributed in South Korea. The observed low level of variability of R. nigromaculata (%P＝14.3, Ho＝0.042, He＝0.043) is probably due to its recent colonization. Populations of R. nigromaculata exhibited considerable genetic differentiation (F$_{sT}$=0.149) and low level of gene flow (Nm＝1.427) among populations, compared to those of R. Plancyi (F$_{sTF$_{sT}$}$=0.096, Nm＝2.354), which occupies a restricted area. The observed levels of gene flow among populations of R. nigromaculata (Nm＝1.427) over a broad geographic range is relatively higher than other amphibian species. The high level of gene flow is probably the result of the high dispersal abilities of R. nigromaculata. A survey of temporal genic variation of R. nigromaculata showed that there was no significant change on the overall average genetic diversity from 1978 (average He＝0.044) to 1997 (average He＝0.040). Wright's F-statistics also indicated no significant genetic differentiation from 1978 (F$_{sT}$＝0.118) to 1997 (F$_{sT}$＝0.108). This suggests that the environmental change appears to have had little influence on the genetic composition of R. nigromaculata in the study areas during the past 20 years. The low level of temporal variation might be due to the result of high dispersal abilities and wide migration range of this species.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.303-309
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• 1999

Inter- and intraspecific genetic relationships between Rana amurensis from Korea and Russia and other brown frogs were investigated by nucleotide sequence of a 504 base pair (bp) fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene. Nucleotide sequence similarities among Korean populations of R. amurensis ranged from 99.6% to 97.6% and 98.8% within Russian populations. The nucleotide sequence similarity between Korean and Russian R. amurensis ranged from 86.9% to 85.5%. Based on Kimura-2-parameter distance, the sequence divergence between R. amurensis from Korea and Russia was 16.18% and 18.04% among other related brown frogs. interspecific sequence divergences among R. amurensis and other related brown frogs diverged by 20.3%. Using an estimate of 2-4% mitochondrial DNA sequence divergence per million years, Korean and Russian R. amurensis diverged about 8 to 4 million years ago (Mya) and other brown frogs diverged about 9 to 5 Mya from ancestral frogs and distributed from North Asia to Sakhalin in a short time. In the neighbor-joining and UPGMA tree R. amurensis was clustered into two groups with Korean and Russian populations and the other brown frogs were grouped separately with diverged trichotomous clusters (R. dybowskii and R. pirica, R. okinavana and R. tsushimensis, and R. japonica and R. longicrus).

• Journal of Photoscience
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.281-283
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• 2002

S-modulin in frog or its bovine homologue, recoverin, is a 26 kDa EF-hand $Ca^{2+}$-binding protein found in rod photoreceptors. The $Ca^{2+}$ -bound form of S-modulin binds to rhodopsin kinase (Rk) and inhibits its activity. Through this regulation, S-modulin is believed to modulate the light-sensitivity of a rod. In the present study, we tried to identify the interaction site of the $Ca^{2+}$ -bound form of S-modulin to Rk. First, we mapped roughly the interaction regions by using partial peptides of S-modulin. The result suggested that a specific region near the amino terminus is the interaction site of S- modulin. We then identified the essential amino acid residues in this region by using S-modulin mutant proteins: four amino acid residues were suggested to interact with Rk. These residues are located in a small closed pocket in the $Ca^{2+}$-free, inactive form of S-modulin, but exposed to the surface of the molecules in the $Ca^{2+}$ -bound, active form of S-modulin. Two additional amino acid residues were found to be crucial for the $Ca^{2+}$ -dependent conformational changes of S-modulin. The present study firstly identified the functional site of S-modulin, a member of a neuronal calcium sensor protein family.in family..

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.539-556
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• 2006

Tessellations are the pattern of iterations of geometric transformation. We can find them in the works of Escher, the famous Dutch artist. Also, We can find the beauty of tessellations in traditional Korean house doors, old Korean architecture, palace walls, and so forth. In this article, the figures of patterns we present are a pig, a frog, Tchiucheonwhang (the mascot of Korean football supporters), and figures by Escher, using the computer geometric program, GSP (Geometer's Sketchpad). We wanted to investigate the gender differences on students' achievement and disposition toward mathematics in constructing tessellations. The results indicated that if students were supported with well prepared instructional materials which helped students make their own figures, female students in particular would be more interested in learning geometric transformation.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.33-44
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• 1974

The electrocardiogram of frogs were obtained in winter (January), spring (April), summer (July) and autumn (September and November). Electrocardiograms were recorded applying electrodes to the atria, ventricle and apex of the heart by unipolar or bipolar leads. V wave was recorded prior to P wave, for the presence of the sinus venosus which controls the automaticity of the frog heart, in four seasons. Regardless of the leads or the position of the electrodes P wave was diphasic and wide. According to the rise of temperature the rate of heart beat was increased, and V-P and P-R interval were shortened. Two regression line between R-R interval and both V-P interval and P-R interval were drawn. These were calculated as V-P interval=1 0.276R-R $interva1+0.067{\pm}0.15$ (sec.) and P-R interval=0.179R-R $interva1+0.155{\pm}0.1$ (sec). From these calculation the larger gradient of V-P interval than P-R interval was suggestive that the heart rate is more dependent on the changes of V-P interval than that of P-R interval. Changes of the heart rate were also measured in four seasons and artificial temperatures. Two regression lines between the heart rate (H.H.) and both seasonal temperature (T) and artificial temperature, were drawn. These two lines were calculated as H.R.=20+3.71 (T-10) and H.R.=32+1.425 T respectively. From two gradients of the above equations it is considered that the changes of the heart rate in artificial temperature were milder than that in seasonal temperature. The number of RBC and WBC of frogs were measured in four seasons and a tendency of the changes was observed according to the seasonal variation.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.249-256
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to understand the evolutionary relationships between fish and other vertebrates which had DNA with the genetic defects in homoglobin expression, with comparison to the nucleotide homologies of the ${\beta}$-globin genes. The predicted amino acid sequence from carp ${\beta}$-globin gene was compared with those of other vertebrates from the published data. The nucleotide homologies of the predicted amino acid sequence from the carp ${\beta}$-globin gene with those of goldfish and mirror carp were high, and the rates were 97.3% and 93.9%, respectively. On the other hand, with the previously reported ${\beta}$-globins of goat, frog, human, rat, goose, chicken, and duck, it showed low homology ranging from 45.9 to 58.1%. The carp ${\beta}$-globin has one inserted amino acid residue, which was also found in other fish ${\beta}$globin, but not in other vertebrate ${\beta}$-globins.