• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.193-196
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• 1999

To investigate the effect of yam on the activity of benzo[a]pyrene hydroxylase(BPH), the key enzyme associated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) metabolism, rats were fed a fiber free diet for 7 days, whereupon they were switched to experimental diets for another 7 days. Diets contained benzo[a] pyrene(BP, 400 mg/kg diet) and 25% or 50% yam powder (freezer dried and hot air dried ). Diets containing pectin and cellulose were compared with diets containing yam. BPH activities were assessed in the liver, lung, kidney, stomach, small intestine and large intestine of rats. BP induced BPH activities in various tissues ; 8 fold in liver, 28 in lung and stomach , and 32 in large intestine. The addition of yam significantly lowered BPH activity in liver, lung and stomach and hot air dried yam was nmor eeffectivie than freeze dried yams. These data suggested that yam containing diet may influence carcinogen metabolism in liver and extrahepatic target tissues by altering activities of BPH and may reduce exposure of these tissues to dietary carcinogens.

• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한설비공학회 2006년도 하계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.506-511
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• 2006

To today with the acceleration due to the preference actual condition of high-class energy national income level it is together improving. It follows hereupon and it is convenient and the neat heat source is increasing a tendency where it is. It investigates the government offices building in commerce portion from the research which it sees and from the draft it analyzes a coat dosage. And comparison it analyzes the movable present condition of thread use dosage and the freezer. It presents the improvement direction against enemy conditions heat source equipment selecting. Also, currently it produces the dosage of heat source equipment and application it tries. The result, the various safety rate and the premium rate which it uses universally are considered above thread using. The reappraisal for enemy conditions heat source equipment selecting which it follows hereupon is necessary.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.11-19
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• 2022

Purpose: This study aims at exploring and understanding the effect of four independent variables related to dairy retail marketing and distribution (deep freezers, promotions, company support and distributor-retailer relationship) and one moderating variable Covid-19 lockdown on sales of dairy product during the Covid 19 pandemic situation. Research design and methodology: Personal interviews and door-to-door surveys and promotional tools were designed to publicise and collect data from the retailers. The sale data before, during and after promotion activity were all recorded and evaluated to draw an inferential conclusion. Factor analysis and multiple regression methods were adopted to analyses the data collected. Results: The research shows that four out of the five factors studied was found having significant impact on dairy retail sales. The highest impact on sales was contributed by promotions, secondly by the deep freezer impact followed by distributor-retailer relationship during the study period and lastly but not the least due to influence of Covid-19 lockdown. Conclusions: The study contributes to the body of knowledge in cold chain distribution process through utilization of right mix of tools and tactics for effective marketing and distribution of dairy products in developing countries especially during a pandemic situation.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.227-240
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to assess the hygiene status of 145 child-care foodservices, which were newly registered in the Center for the Children's Foodservice Management (CCFSM) in Changwon, Gyeongnam. Sanitary inspection checklist (40 food safety items) of Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA) was used by the CCFSM in Changwon, Gyeongnam. Average score from the total safety items in 145 child-care foodservices was 21.41 points out of 40 points. Score gaps between the lower group (71 foodservices, 13.92 points) and higher group (74 foodservices, 28.61 points) showed a significant difference (P<0.001). The top five priorities of sanitary measures needing corrective actions for child-care foodservices were as follows: 'provide hand washing and sanitizing tools, and supply manuals on how to wash hands properly', 'supply record form for access/inspection', 'conduct education for cooks on standards in the selection of sanitizer for raw vegetables and proper methods to wash and sanitize raw vegetables', 'provide a refrigerator and a freezer with installed thermometers and temperature record monitoring logs', 'encourage separation of contamination operating zone and clean zone or conduct training for cooks on ways to prevent cross-contamination by performing work separately by the hour'. For the higher group, most were national/public facilities (83.3%), whereas in the lower group, private facilities (62.1%) were more common than national/public ones (37.9%). Therefore, a significant difference (P<0.001) was detected in the two groups. These private facilities should be supported.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.240-252
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• 2006

A survey was implemented to suggest basic data for assuring the safety of cooked foods in foodbank operations. A questionnaire consisted of total 48 items including general characteristics, basic inputs and perceived importance/performance of sanitary management. One hundred twenty-eight responses among the 267 nationwide foodbanks were used for the statistical analysis. About forty-one percent of foodbanks was operated a period of 1-3 years and 43.0% of them were managed by social welfare organizations. The number of staff was only 0.5 person per operation with the whole responsibility and 1.0 with additional work, and thus most of the work was managed by volunteers. Job satisfaction was shown to be moderate and was affected by specialty and salary mostly. The facilities and equipment in foodbanks were not enough to operate and freezers/refrigerators were the top priority to supplement. Most of the respondents attended a nationwide level sanitary education program (79.7%); but complained not enough frequency of education (90%). The sanitary status of the donated foods was considered as satisfactory but some safety practices had to be improved, including personnel expenses and operating costs in the district level, a sanitary awareness of the donors and a general management of the facilities arid equipment. An assessment on sanitary management resulted in an overall average of 4.45 out of 5 points in importance and 3.85 in performance showing the high level of sanitation perception in foodbank managers. From the IPA analysis, the fields found to be improved were sanitation management during cooking and temperature control as well as cleanliness and sanitation of both transport vehicle and refrigerator/freezer. To secure the food safety in foodbanks, consequently, personnel support, supplement of facilities and equipment, intense sanitation education and development of sanitation management program is needed.

• 한국지반신소재학회논문집
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.27-35
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• 2012

본 논문에서는 $-20^{\circ}C{\sim}10^{\circ}C$의 온도 유지가 가능한 길이 3.2m, 폭 3.2m, 높이 2.4m의 대형 냉동고 내부에 길이 0.9m, 폭 0.9m, 높이 0.9m의 실험용 토조를 실제 도로 아스팔트 포장체의 형상과 유사하게 구성하여 실험 조건에 따른 시료 깊이별 온도변화, 동상 팽창압, 팽창량 등 도로의 동결 특성을 분석하였다. 또한, 소형충격재하 장치(LFWD)를 활용하여 동결 전과 융해 후 도로포장구조체의 동상방지층 유무에 따른 실험을 실시하여 아스팔트 포장체 표면의 처짐을 측정하였다. 즉, 도로포장 중앙부의 처짐비와 표층곡률지수비를 분석, 평가함으로써 도로동상방지층의 효용성 및 공용성을 규명하였다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제54권3호
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• pp.349-355
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• 2016

In July 2014, a nematode species, Schistorophus cirripedesmi Rhizhikov and Khokhlova, 1964, was recovered from a bar-tailed godwit, Limosa lapponica baueri that was stored in a $-20^{\circ}C$ freezer in the Chungnam Wild Animal Rescue Center. The bird was collected in 2012 from the coastal region of Pyeongtaek-si (City), Gyeonggi-do (Province) in the Republic of Korea, although the exact date is not clear. At necropsy, 9 nematodes were found in the gizzard of the bird. The parasites had 4 horn-like cephalic cuticular ornamentations. After morphometric comparison and morphological observations, including scanning electron microscopy, the nematodes were identified as S. cirripedesmi. This is the first description of a nematode species in a shorebird in Korea. This is also the first time this genus and species have been found in Korea.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.234-237
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• 2000

The dornor, 2 years old, 20kg and mixed breed, was bred naturally on day 1 and day 3 of estrus and eight gastrulae were collected by flushing the uterus of the donor after laparatomy on day 13 after the second mating. The embryos were frozen by programmable freezer and preserved for about 3 months in liquid nitrogen. Another bitch in natural estrus, 2 years old, 30kg, mixed breed, was selected as the recipient and the frozen embryos(8 gastrulae) were thawed and each 4 embryos were transferred into upper partr of left and right uterine horn, respectively, on day 13 after the proper mating day determined by vaginal smear. The ecipient delivered 6 offspring 48 days after embryo transfer. Of 6 puppies, one was still birth and two puppies died one month after birth. Parentage test was performed by DNA analysis using microsatellite sequences for 3 puppiers, the recipient, the donor, the male dog bred with the donor, and the male dog raised near to the recipient. The markers selected for the test were CXX 873(133-157 base pair) and CXX 894(141-165 base pair). Using primers manufactured according to the markers, the blood samples were processed for polymerase chain reaction and the PCR products were treated for electrophoresis. The three puppies showed identical band to that of recipient, consequently, it was concluded that the puppies were offspring of the recipient mated naturally by the male dog, not the offspring by embryo transfer.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.191-197
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• 1998

Immature nocytes and in VitrO matured Oocytes collected from the slaughtered Korean cattle were frozen slowly with 10% ethylene glycol+5% polyvinyl pyrolidine+0.05M trehalose (l0EPT), 10% ethylene glycol+5% ficoll+0.05M sucrose (1OEFS), or 10% ethylene glycol+5% ficoll+0.05M trehalose (l0EFT) by cell freezer (experiment 1). And also,They were ultra-rapidly frozen with 30% ethylene glycol+10% polyvinyl pyrolidine+0.5M trehalose (3OEPT) or 30% ethylene glycol+18% ficoll+0.5M sucrose (3OEFS) using electron microscope grid (experiment 2). In experiment 1, the cleavage rate was 23.0% when immature oocytes were frozen slowly using various cryoprotectants descrihed above, and 5.1% of cleaved oocytes developed to over morula stage after in Vitro fertilization (IVF). There were no significant differences among these groups. When matured oocytes were frozen slowly, the total cleavage rate was 19.7%, and over morula stage was 3.2%. lOEPT (4.8%) and EFS (4.4%) were slightly more effective than l0EFT (0.0%) for development in vitro. Only in l0EFT treated group, immature oocytes have higher developmental capacity than matured ones, when they were frozen slowly and IVF after thawing. In experiment 2, oocytes were ultra-rapidly frozen using the electron microscope grid with two kind of cryoprotectants described above. In immature oocyte group, the cleavage rate was 13.9% and 5.8% of cleaved oocytes developed to over morula stage after IVF, and in matured group, 25.7 and 7.6%, respectively. There were no significant differences between two kind of cryoprotectants, but in ultra-rapid freezing using electron microscope grid, the efficiency is slightly higher in matured oocyte group.

• 한국항행학회논문지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.490-493
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• 2014

본 논문에서는 초 중 고등학교의 급식과 관련하여 학생들의 식중독 사고를 예방하기 위해 급식소의 냉 온장고 및 각종 주방 기기의 온도와 습도를 모니터링하여 WCDMA-LTE 망을 이용하는 스마트 HACCP 시스템을 제안한다. 단말기로부터 수집된 데이터는 특정서버로 전송되며 더욱 안전한 식품을 제공하기위해 식중독지수와 비교된 후, 단말기가 설치된 장소의 식중독지수를 LCD화면에 표시하도록 한다. 이러한 시스템을 구현하는데 있어 주요 요소가 WCDMA-LTE 망 기반의 온습도 측정 및 모니터링 시스템 전용 단말기이다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 다른 단말기와 상호 통신이 가능하도록 424 MHz 및 블루투스 4.0 무선모뎀을 포함한 LTE 단말기를 설계하고 구현하였다. 향후 본 시스템은 비닐하우스의 온도감시 시스템 또는 원격 환경감시 시스템으로의 적용이 가능하다.