• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제78권2호
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• pp.125-134
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• 2021

In this paper, the effects of Tuned Mass dampers (TMDs) on the reduction of the vertical vibrations of a real horizontally curved steel box-girder bridge due to different traffic loads are numerically investigated. The performance of TMDs to reduce the bridge vibrations can be affected by the parameters such as dynamic characteristics of TMDs, the location of TMDs, the speed and weight of vehicles. In the first part of this study, the effects of mass ratio, damping percentage, frequency ratio, and location of TMDs on the performance of TMDs to decrease vertical vibrations of different sections of bridge deck are evaluated. In the second part, the performance of TMD is investigated for different speeds and weights of traffic loads. Results show that the mass ratio of TMDs is the more effective parameter in reducing imposed vertical vibration in comparison with the damping ratio. Furthermore, it is found that TMD is very sensitive to its tuned frequency, i.e., with a little deviation from a suitable frequency, the expected performance of TMD significantly decreased. TMDs have a positive and considerable performance at certain vehicle speeds and this performance declines when the weight of traffic loads is increased. Besides, the results reveal that the highest impact of TMD on the reduction of the vertical vibrations is when free vibrations occur for the bridge deck. In that case, maximum reductions of 24% and 59% are reported in the vertical acceleration of the bridge deck for the forced and free vibration amplitudes, respectively. The maximum reduction of 13% is also obtained for the maximum displacement of the bridge deck. The results are mainly related to the resonance condition.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제42권6호
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• pp.805-826
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• 2022

The free and live load-forced vibration behaviour of porous functionally graded (PFG) higher order nanobeams in the thermal and magnetic fields is investigated comprehensively through this work in the framework of nonlocal strain gradient theory (NLSGT). The porosity effects on the dynamic behaviour of FG nanobeams is investigated using four different porosity distribution models. These models are exploited; uniform, symmetrical, condensed upward, and condensed downward distributions. The material characteristics gradation in the thickness direction is estimated using the power-law. The magnetic field effect is incorporated using Maxwell's equations. The third order shear deformation beam theory is adopted to incorporate the shear deformation effect. The Hamilton principle is adopted to derive the coupled thermomagnetic dynamic equations of motion of the whole system and the associated boundary conditions. Navier method is used to derive the analytical solution of the governing equations. The developed methodology is verified and compared with the available results in the literature and good agreement is observed. Parametric studies are conducted to show effects of porosity parameter; porosity distribution, temperature rise, magnetic field intensity, material gradation index, non-classical parameters, and the applied moving load velocity on the vibration behavior of nanobeams. It has been showed that all the analyzed conditions have significant effects on the dynamic behavior of the nanobeams. Additionally, it has been observed that the negative effects of moving load, porosity and thermal load on the nanobeam dynamics can be reduced by the effect of the force induced from the directed magnetic field or can be kept within certain desired design limits by controlling the intensity of the magnetic field.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.98-106
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• 1995

대형구조물의 국부구조계에는 후판, 선체이중저와 같은 복판팬널 또는 FRP판과 같은 복합적층판에 집중질량, 질량-스프링계 또는 지지스프링 등으로 간주되는 부가제가 추가된 복합제의 진동해석을 수행하여야 되는 경우가 않다. 본 연구에서는 팬널의 receptance와 부가계의 receptance를 합성하여 복합제의 고유진동특성 및 강제진동응답을 효과적으로 얻을 수 있는 receptance 방법의 적용을 제시한다. 상기 팬널들은 전단변형 및 회전관성효과가 매우 크고 대부분 직교이방성 강성을 갖기 때문에 직교이방성 Mindlin판유추 구조계로 간주하였으며, Mindlin판유추 구조계의 receptance를 구하기 위해 assumed mode-Lagrange 운동방정식 원용에 의해 구하는 방법을 정식화하였다. 이때 진동파형은 Timoshenko 보함수 또는 이의 성질을 갖는 다항식을 사용하였다. 등방성후판 및 실선 이중저의 1/8축적 모델을 대상으로 일련의 수치계산을 수행하여 본연구에서 제시한 방법의 타당성을 보였다.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.117-126
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• 2016

In this paper, a numerical procedure for the natural vibration analysis of plates with openings and carlings based on the assumed mode method is extended to assess their forced response. Firstly, natural response of plates with openings and carlings is calculated from the eigenvalue equation derived by using Lagrange's equation of motion. Secondly, the mode superposition method is applied to determine frequency response. Mindlin theory is adopted for plate modelling and the effect of openings is taken into account by subtracting their potential and kinetic energies from the corresponding plate energies. Natural and frequency response of plates with openings and carlings subjected to point excitation force and enforced acceleration at boundaries, respectively, is analysed by using developed in-house code. For the validation of the developed method and the code, extensive numerical results, related to plates with different opening shape, carlings and boundary conditions, are compared with numerical data from the relevant literature and with finite element solutions obtained by general finite element tool.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.255-270
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• 2022

This manuscript illustrates the dynamic response of nanoscale carbon nanotubes (CNTs) embedded in an elastic media under moving load using doublet mechanics theory, which not considered before. CNTs are modelled by Timoshenko beam theory (TBT) and a bottom to up modelling nano-mechanics is simulated by doublet mechanics theory to capture the size effect of CNTs. To explore the influence of the CNTs configurations on the dynamic behaviour, both armchair and zigzag configurations are considered. The governing equations of motion and the associated boundary conditions are obtained using the Hamiltonian principle. The Navier solution methodology is applied to obtain the solutions for both orientations. Free vibration and forced response under moving loads are considered. The accuracy of the developed procedure is verified by comparing the obtained results with available previous algorithms and good agreement is observed. Parametric studies are conducted to demonstrate effects of doublet length scale, CNTs configurations, moving load velocities as well as the elastic media parameters on the dynamic behaviours of CNTs. The developed procedure is supportive in the design and manufacturing of MEMS/NEMS made from CNTs.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.523-530
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• 2006

One of the fascinating prospects is the possibility of new hydrodynamics technology on micro-scale system since oscillations of micro-droplets are of practical and scientific importance. It has been widely conceived that the lowest oscillation mode of a pendant droplet is the longitudinal vibration, i.e. periodic elongation and contraction along the longitudinal direction. Nonlinear and forced oscillations of supported viscous droplet were focused in the present study. The droplet has a free contact line with solid plate and inviscid fluid. Natural frequencies of a pendant droplet have been investigated experimentally by imposing the acoustic wave while the frequency is being increased at a fixed amplitude. It is found that a pendant droplet shows the resonant behaviors at each mode similar to the theoretical analysis. The rotation of the droplet about the longitudinal axis is the oscillation mode of the lowest resonance frequency. This rotational mode can be invoked by periodic acoustic forcing and is analogous to the pendulum rotation. It is also found that the natural frequency of a pendant droplet is independent of the drop density and surface tension but inversely proportional to the square root of the droplet size.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.57-64
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• 2020

The nonlinear dynamics of a directly forced clamped-clamped-free-free magneto-rheological elastomer (MRE) sandwich shell has been experimentally investigated. Experiments have been conducted on an aluminium shallow shell (shell A) and an MRE-aluminium sandwich shallow shell with single curvature (shell B). An electrodynamic shaker has been used to directly force shells A and B in the vicinity of their fundamental resonance frequency; a laser displacement sensor has been used to measure the vibration amplitude to construct the frequency-response curves. It was observed that for an aluminium shell (shell A), that at small forcing amplitudes, a weak softening-type nonlinear behaviour was observed, however, at higher forcing amplitudes the nonlinear dynamical behaviour shifted and a strong hardening-type response occurred. For the MRE shell (shell B), the effect of forcing amplitude showed softening at low magnetic fields and hardening for medium magnetic fields; it was also observed the mono-curved MRE sandwich shell changed dynamics to quasiperiodic displacement at some frequencies, from a periodic displacement. The presence of a magnetic field, initial curvature, and forcing amplitude has significant qualitative and quantitative effects on the nonlinear dynamical response of a mono curved MRE sandwich shell.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2005년도 춘계 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.328-337
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• 2005

This work reports results of our study on the dynamic responses of the buried pipelines both along the axial and the transverse directions under various boundary end conditions. We have considered three cases, i.e., the free ends, the fixed ends, and the fixed-free ends for the axial direction, and three more cases including the guided ends, the simply supported ends, and the supported-guided ends for the transverse direction. In order to investigate the effect of the boundary end conditions for the dynamic responses of the buried pipeline, we have devised a computer program to find the solutions of the formulae on the dynamic responses (displacements, axial strains, and bending strains) under the various boundary end conditions considered in this study. The dynamic behavior of the buried pipelines for the forced vibration is found to exhibit two different forms, a transient response and a steady state response, depending on the time before and after the transfer of a seismic wave on the end of the buried pipeline. The former is identified by a slight change in its behavior before the sinusoidal-shaped seismic wave travels along the whole length of the pipeline whereas the latter by the complete form of a sinusoidal wave when the wave travels throughout the pipeline. The transient response becomes insignificant as the wave speed increases. We have observed a resonance when the mode wavelength matches the wavelength of the seismic wave, where the mode number(k) of resonance for the axial direction is found to be $\overline{\omega}/{\pi}V+1/2$ for the fixed-free ends, $\overline{\omega}/{\pi}V+1$ for the free ends, and $\overline{\omega}/{\pi}V$ for the fixed ends, respectively. By adding 10 more modes to the mode number(k) of resonance, we were able to study all the dynamic responses of the buried pipeline for the axial direction. On the other hand, we have not been able to observe a resonance in the analysis for the transverse direction, because the dynamic responses are found to vanish after the seventh mode. From the results of the dynamic responses at the many points of the pipeline, we have found that the responses appeared to be dependent critically on the boundary end conditions. Such effects are found to be most prominent especially for the maximum values of the displacement and the strain and its position.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.329-335
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• 2014

본 연구의 목표는 주기적으로 강제 진동하는 소수성 표면위에 놓인 액적의 내부유동 특성을 이해하는 것이다. 액적의 공진주파수를 예측하기 위해서 고속카메라와 매크로렌즈를 사용하여 진동하는 소수성 표면위의 액적의 내부유동 특성을 확인하였다. 그 결과 특정 모드에서의 액적은 다양한 형상을 갖고 있으며 또한, 각각의 액적 내부에서 와류가 관찰 되었다. 일반적으로 유동흐름이 대칭축을 따라 위로 이동하고 액적상단에서 표면을 따라 접촉선부근으로 이동하였다. 반면에 모드 6과 모드 8에서는 아주 큰 와류가 생성되었다. 또한 유동속도가 모드 2보다 모드 4에서 더 빠르고 반면에 모드 6와 모드 8은 거의 비슷하였다.

• 대한조선학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.63-77
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• 1990

자동차운반선(自動車運搬船)에 있어서 주기관(主機關), 프로펠러, 파랑(波浪) 등의 기진력은 갑판-차량연성계(甲板-車輛聯成系)에 매우 예민한 동적거동(動的擧動)을 유발시키고 있다. 갑판-차량연성계(甲板-車輛聯成系)에 대해서 자유진동(自由振動) 및 동적응답(動的應答)의 포괄적 해석(解析)뿐 아니라 설계변경(設計變更) 또는 진동특성(振動特性)의 최적화(最適化)를 위해 재해석(再解析)이 요구되는 경우가 많음으로 부분계(部分系)의 진동특성(振動特性)을 합성(合成)하는 방법(方法)이 추구되고 있다. 이와 같은 방법은 재해석(再解析)시 변경(變更)된 부가계(附加系)의 진동특성(振動特性)만 재계산(再計算)하고 나머지 부분계(部分系)에 대한 것들은 그대로 다시 이용할 수 있어 매우 효율적이다. 갑판-차량연성계(甲板-車輛聯成系)에 대해 갑판(甲板)은 직사각형보강판(直四角形補剛板), 필러는 지지(支持)스프링, 거어더 또는 웨브는 Euler보, 적재차량(積載車輛)은 2점지지(點支持) damped spring-mass system으로 간주하고 receptance방법에 의해 복합적(複合的) 구조계(構造系)의 자유진동(自由振動)을 해석(解析)하는 방법(方法) 및 두가지 효율적 계산운용방법(計算運用方法)을 제시하고, 또 receptance개념에 준하는 support displacement transfer ratio를 정의하고 이를 이용해서 갑판주연(甲板周緣)의 변위기진(變位起振)에 대한 동적응답(動的應答)을 해석(解析)하는 방법(方法)을 제시하였다. 본 논문에서 제시한 방법의 정도(精度) 및 계산효율(計算效率)의 탁월성은 일련의 수치계산예(數値計算例) 및 실험(實驗)에 의해 확인되었다.