• 제목/요약/키워드: free acid

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한국과 일본 된장의 맛성분 비교 (Comparison of Taste Component of Korean and Japanese Soybean Paste(Doenjang & Miso) -Free Amino Acids Comparison-)

  • 김천호;다께시 스미노;구니꼬 아이다;사끼꼬 스미노
    • 한국식생활문화학회지
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    • 제13권1호
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    • pp.59-64
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    • 1998
  • 한국과 일본에 있어서 된장은 극히 보편화된 전통식품이다. 최근에 양국에서는 된장의 가공과정에서 영양상 문제가 되고 있는 감염과 맛의 향상을 위한 연구가 활발하다. 그 중의 일환으로 저자는 앞서 김치중의 Na과 K에 관한 보고를 했으며 금번 보고에서는 된장중의 유리아미노산 조성에 관한 분석을 시도함으로서 양국의 된장의 차이를 비교 해보고자 한다. 그 결과 유리아미노산 조성에 있어서 한국의 시판 된장과 가정에서의 재래식 재료된장이 유사했고 한편 일본도 시판 된장과 가정 제조 된장에서 길은 경향을 보였다. 유리아미노산 중에서는 glutamic acid의 수치가 가장 높은 점에서도 한국과 일본 된장에서 유사하여 한국시판 된장 22.7%. 한국가정 제조된장 17.5%, 한국시판청국장 11.5%, 일본 시판 10.4, 일본 가정 1% 등으로 분석 되었다. 즉, 이들의 글루타민산의 높은 함량이 양국의 된장의 맛에 크게 영향을 준다는 것을 알게 되었다.

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소나무 수피(樹皮)의 총합적(總合的) 이용(利用)(I) -수피(樹皮)의 화학적(化學的) 조성(組成)과 Ca-base 산성(酸性) 아황산염(亞黃酸鹽) 증해(蒸解) 특성(特性)- (Utilization of Pine Bark(I) -Chemical Compositions and Characterization of Ca-base Acid Sulfite Cooking of Pine Bark-)

  • 문성필;김재필
    • Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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    • 제22권1호
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    • pp.28-33
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    • 1994
  • The chemical compositions of pine bark from mechanical pulp industry were determined, and effect of Ca base acid sulfite on bark cooking was investigated under various conditions. The pine bark was composed of 39.5 % alkali extractives, 50.3 % lignin, and a small amount of carbohydrate. The contents of alkali extractives and lignin were remarkably higher than those of pine wood. The bark was composed of high content of arabinose and xylose, while the wood was composed of high content of mannose. When pine bark was cooked with 75 % free acid at 145 $^{\circ}C$, the rate of cooking and delignification was improved with the increase of total acid, but it was very difficult to delignify the bark by 50 % and over under these conditions. In the presence of 60~65 % free acid and at 155~165 $^{\circ}C$, initial cooking rate, delignification, and delignification selectivity were considerably increased, but condensation reaction of lignin was considerable at the end of cooking. Therefore, it was shown that pine bark was very difficult to delignify by the Ca-base acid sulfite cooking.

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김치 발효 숙성 중의 γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) 및 아미노산 함량의 변화 (Changes in the Levels of γ-Aminobutyric Acid and Free Amino Acids during Kimchi Fermentation)

  • 이혜현;김건희
    • 한국식품조리과학회지
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    • 제29권6호
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    • pp.671-677
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    • 2013
  • The objective of this study was to examine the levels of free amino acids and identify the correlation between ${\gamma}$-aminobutyric acid (GABA)and L-glutamic acid contents in Kimchi during fermentation. During 2 weeks of fermentation, the acidity of Kinchi increased, i.e., the pH level decreased from 5.24 to 4.40. The content of amino acids determined using HPLC differed significantly (p < 0.05) during 7 weeks of fermentation. Over the 7 weeks of fermentation, the content of most free amino acids increased in the order L-valine > L-glutamic acid > L-glycine, except L-methionine decreased. Initially, the GABA content was found to be $72.43{\mu}M/100g$ fresh weight (fw), and it increased to $229.06{\mu}M/100g$ fw after 7 weeks. This rapid increase in the GABA content in the initial stage is considered to be due to L-glutamic acid. However, during the period of 0~7 weeks, no correlations were found between the L-glutamic acid and GABA contents.

진도산(珍島産) 구기자(枸杞子)의 아미노산조성(組成)과 유리당(遊離糖)의 분석(分析) (Quantitative Analysis of Total Aimno Acids and Free Sugars in Lycii fructus)

  • 이명열;서화중
    • 한국식품영양과학회지
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    • 제15권3호
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    • pp.249-252
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    • 1986
  • 구기자(枸杞子)의 총(總)아미노산조성(組成) 및 유리(遊離)당을 각각 amino acid autoanalyzer, HPLC로 분석(分析)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 17종(種)의 총(總)아미노산이 검출(檢出)되었다. 즉 asparatic acid, threonine, serine, glutamic acid, proline, glycine, alanine, cystine, valine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, tyrosine, phenr-lalanine, hisidtine, lysine, arginine인데 이중 threonine을 가장 많이 함유하였으며 aspartic acid는 가장 적었다. 2. 총(總) essential amino acid량은 총(總)아미노산량의53.93%로 양질(良質)의 아미노산을 함유하였다. 3. Glucose, fructose, saccharose 등 3종(種)의 유리(遊離)당이 검출(檢出)되었는데 이중 fructose를 가장 많이 함유하였다.

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수용액상에서 Infrared Spectra를 이용한 Butyldithiodiacetic Acid, Benzmethyldithiodiacetic Acid, Cyclohexyldithiodiacetic Acid의 특성에 관한 연구 (Characterazation of Butyldithiodiacetic Acid, Benzmethyldithiodiacetic Acid and Cyclohexyldithiodiacetic Acid used Infrared Spectra in Aqueous Solution)

  • 도길명;김일출;최보용
    • 대한화학회지
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    • 제39권3호
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    • pp.213-217
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    • 1995
  • 수용액상에서 BUDDA(Butyldithiodiacetic acid), BMDDA(Benzmethyldithiodiac-etic acid), CHDDA(Cyclohexyldithiodiacetic acid)의 IR 스펙트라는 다양한 pH값에서 보고되어진다. 이온화된 carboxyl group과 비이온화된 carboxyl group의 비대칭 신축진동 흡수띠 차이를 이용하여 free-ligand의 구조를 추정한다. 또한 이들 연구의 접근은 리간드의 IR 스펙트라와 전위차 적정법을 이용하여 얻어진 $pk_a$값을 비교함으로서 설명된다.

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오징어 내장유의 에스테르화 반응물질 분석 및 특성 연구 (Study for Alanalysis and Characteristics of Squid Viscera Oil During Transesterification)

  • 노명균;;전병수
    • 한국해양바이오학회지
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    • 제2권3호
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    • pp.155-159
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    • 2007
  • Ethanolysis of squid viscera oil with immobilized lipase was investigated for reducing the free fatty acid contents and enhancing the function of the oil by stepwise addition method of Shinmada[1]. Tendency of oil variation during Ethanolysis showed increased content of diglyceride, monoglyceride and fatty acid ethyl ester with reduced free fatty acid contents. The oil composition was analyzed using GC-FID and compared before and after ethanolysis. Structural analysis of the lipid was performed by HPLC-UV spectrophotometer during ethanolysis. The transformed oil was thought to has suitable properties for functional oil production.

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생쥐 피질세포배양에서 Free Radical 유발 신경손상에 대한 손바닥선인장 및 삼백초의 보호효과 (Protective Effects of Opuntia Ficus-Indica and Saururus Chinensis on Free Radical-Induced Neuronal Injury in Mouse Cortical Cell Cultures)

  • 위명복
    • 약학회지
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    • 제44권6호
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    • pp.613-619
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    • 2000
  • The author examined whether the methanol extracts of Opuntia ficus-indica fruit and Saururus chinensis have the inhibitory action on xanthine/xanthine oxidase (X/XO)-, $FeCl_2/ascorbic$ acid- and arachidonic acid-induced neurotoxicity in mouse cortical cell cultures. The methanol extracts ($10\;{\mu}g/ml{\sim}1\;mg/ml$) of Opuntia ficus-indica and Saururus chinensis were exhibited 53-89% and $48{\sim}100%$ inhibitory action on X/XO-induced neurotoxicity, respectively. At the range of same concentration, both extracts also attenuated the $FeCl_2/ascorbic$ acid-induced neurotoxicity by $35{\sim}100%$ and $15{\sim}98%$, respectively. In arachidonic acid neurotoxicity, the methanol extract (1 mg/ml) of Opuntia ficus-indica and Saururus chinensis reduced neuronal injury by 22% and 38%, respectively. These results suggest that Opuntia ficus-indica fruit and Saururus chinensis may contribute the neuroprotection in certain free radical-mediated neuronal injury.

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한국산 고등 균류의 성분에 관한 연구 (Studies on the Constituents of Higher Fungi of Korea)

  • 이규선
    • 약학회지
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    • 제23권3_4호
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    • pp.153-158
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    • 1979
  • Free amino acids in extracts and total amino acids in hydrolysates of eight species of higher fungi were analyzed by an amino acid autoanalyzer. Twenty amino acids were analyzed in eight species of higher fungi. 1) of all free amino acids contained in higher fungi, alanine is the richest, and then comes glutamic acid, serine, arginine, proline and histidine in that order. Of all total amino acids contained in higher fungi, glutamic acid is the richest, and then comes proline, valine, aspartic acid, alanine, leucine in that order. Especially Russula fragilis and Lepiota procera contain large quantity of glutamic acid. 2) Gross contents of free amino acids in the extracts is high in order of Lepiota procera, Phylloporus rhodoxanthus, Russula fragilis, Tylopilus felleus and total amino acids in hydrolysates is high in Phylloporus rhodoxanthus, Lepiota procera, Russula fragilis, Lentinus lepideus. 3) Total amount of essential amino acids in the extracts was high in Lepiota procera, Phylloporus rhodoxanthus, Tylopilus felleus, Xylaria hypoxylon, Lentinus lepideus, Russula fragilis, Lactarius piperatus and Calocybe gambosa and in the hydrolysates of Phylloparus rhodoxanthus, Russula fragilis, Lepiota procera, Tylopilus felleus, Lentinus lepideus, Lactarius piperatus, Calocybe gambosa and Xylaria hypoxylon in that order, respectively.

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Fluoride and Calcium in Tea Leaves

  • Takiyama, Kazuyoshi;Ishii, Yuuko
    • 분석과학
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    • 제8권4호
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    • pp.877-880
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    • 1995
  • The determination of fluoride and the nutritious calcium in infusion of teas are explained. Tea leaves were pulverized and were immersed in boiling water. The solution was filtered and fluoride, calcium and oxalic acid were determined by the ion chromatography. The quantities of fluoride, calcium and oxalate ions extracted from 100 g of tea leaves were calculated. Tea leaves were also immersed in 0.5 M hydrochloric acid and extracted oxalate and calcium ions were analyzed. The free oxalic acid and calcium were extracted in boiling water and the total ones were extracted in hydrochloric acid. The quantity of calcium oxalate was calculated from the total and the free oxalic acids. The free calcium was estimated to be nutritious.

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식용(食用)버섯류(類)의 아미노산(酸)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究) (A Study on the Amino Acid Contents of Edible Mushrooms)

  • 표명윤;노일협
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
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    • 제8권1호
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    • pp.47-59
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    • 1975
  • Free amino acids in extracts and total amino acids in hydrolysates of eleven species of edible mushrooms were analyzed by amino acid autoanalyzer (Technicon PNC-1 Type). All these 11 species of mushroom can be repesented for convenience sake as follows. S-1; Agaricus campestris Fr. S-2: Agaricus campestris S-3; Pholiota nameko(I. Ito) S. Ito et Imai S-4; Auricularia auricula-judae(Fr.) $Qu{\acute{e}}l$ S-5; Tremella fuciformis Berk. S-6; Tricholoma matsutake(S. Ito et Imai) Sing. S-7; Pleurotus ostreatus Fr. $Qu{\acute{e}}l$ S-8; Lentinus edodes Berk Sing. S-9; Ramaria botrytis (Pers.) Ricken S-10; Coprinus comatus(Fr.) S.F, Gray S-11; Gyrophora esculenta The results obtained from this study are as follows. 1) 17 kinds of amino acid, including 7 kinds of essential amino acid in human nutrition except tryptophan were identified and quantified. 2) Of all free amino acids contained in mushrooms, glutamic acid is the richest, and then comes Ala, Thr, Pro and Lys in that order. There were no found Cys'and His in S-9;His in S-1; Met and Arg in S-11; Cys and Met in S-5;Pro, Cys, Met, Lys and Arg in S-4. Of all total amino acids which are closely related with nutritional valuation, glutamic acid is the richest, and then comes Asp, Ala, Arg, Leu, Thr, Gly in that order. Especially S-1 and S-2 contain high quantity $o{\acute{i}}$ proline in both free and total amino acids. 3) Cotents of ammonia in extracts of mushrooms in decreasing order in S-1, S-10, S-8, S-2, S-7, S-6, and S-2, S-6, S-8, S-9, S-1 in hydrolysates of mushrooms. 4) Gross Contents of free amino acid in extracts is high in decreasing order in S-10, S-1, S-7, S-6, S-8, and total amino acid in hydrolysates is high in S-10, S-2, S-2, S-8, S-1, S-9, S-6. 5) Besides 17 kinds of amino acid, 5 kinds of unknown amino acid are found in extracts and hydrolysates.

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