• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제53권6호
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• pp.756-760
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• 2021

현재 시판되는 항생제 및 항결핵약제 대부분은 균의 성장을 저해하는 기전에 맞추어 개발되었고, 지금도 새로운 약제들이 개발되고 있다. 이러한 약제들은 사용빈도가 증가함에 따라 자연발생적으로 약제내성이 출현하게 되고, 약제 내성 결핵의 경우 치료가 더 어려울 뿐만 아니라 치료에 소요되는 시간과 비용이 기하급수적으로 증가한다. 이런 관점에서 볼 때, 인체 면역을 활성화시켜 결핵을 치료하는 방법이 결핵균을 직접적으로 사멸시키는 방법보다 더 안전하고 효과적인 방법이 될 수 있을 것이다. 본 연구에서는 오랜 시간 동안 민간요법으로 사용되어지고 있으면서 탐식구 활성화를 촉진시키는 것으로 알려져 있지만, 항결핵 효과는 검증되어 있지 않은 FRM에 의한 항결핵효과를 검증하였다. 유향의 세포독성효과를 확인하기 위해 MTT reduction assay를 실시하여 31.3, 62.5 ㎍/mL의 농도에서 독성효과를 나타내지 않는 것을 확인하였다. 또한 형태학적 관찰을 통해서도 세포독성 효과를 나타내지 않은 것을 확인하였다. 대식세포의 면역 작용기전을 측정하는 중요한 지표인 cytokine TNF-α, IL-1β의 발현양의 변화를 통해서 면역반응을 확인하였다. 결핵균이 감염된 대조군에서는 이 cytokine들의 발현이 증가한 반면, FRM을 처리한 세포에서는 발현이 감소하였고, 결핵균 또한 감소하였다. 이러한 현상은 FRM이 necrosis를 감소시키면서 apoptosis로 면역반응을 유도하여 발생하는 것으로 가정할 수 있으며, 결과적으로 결핵균 제거 효과를 보여주었다. 현재 치료가 힘든 다제내성결핵, 광범위내성결핵에서 유향이 대식세포의 면역력 활성화를 통한 항결핵효과를 나타내는 치료제로서의 잠재적인 가능성을 제시하였다. 다만, 추가적인 항결핵효과의 검증 및 면역기전에 대한 연구가 이루어져야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제46권6호
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• pp.26-33
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• 2014

Frankincense resin was applied to Hanji to improve its physical properties. The resin-treated paper showed the increasement of physical properties such as weight, thickness, and density. The highest increasement in weight and density of resin-treated paper were found at 30% treatment concentrations and the largest values of density were $41g/m^2$ Hanji. With the increasement of concentration, the brightness was decreased and transparency was improved. Of the mechanical properties of the paper, the tensile index and burst index showed the improved values. The tear index, however, was decreased. The frankincense resin showed the highest result in the tensile index of resin-treated paper and the basis weight of $41g/m^2$ Hanji. The air resistance of the resin-treated paper got improved with the increase of the concentration and $105g/m^2$ Hanji showed the highest values. The highest improvement in air resistance may make the resin-treated Hanji possible to use for semipermeable materials.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.129-138
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of frankincense oil in skin aging animal model. Skin aging was induced by both the irradiation of UVB and the application of squalene monohydroperoxide (Sq-OOH) to the back of experimental animals for 4 weeks. And at the same time experimental materials were applied topically. Six to seven weeks female SHR-1 hairless mice were divided into five groups including normal (N: saline), control (C: UVB+Sq-OOH+saline), vehicle control (VC: UVB+Sq-OOH+jojoba oil), positive control (PC: UVB+Sq-OOH+0.01% retinoic acid) and experimental (E: UVB+Sq-OOH+3% Frankincense oil) groups, five animals each group. Lipid lamella and lipid content in stratum corneum of the E group were almost intact with a regular arrangement which were similar to the N group. Collagen fibers in dermis of the E group were almost intact with a regular arrangement which were similar to the N group. Relatively much less number of mast cells and inflammatory cells were found in the E group compared to the C group. The activities of XO, SOD and CAT were no significant difference between the E and N groups. In conclusion, the application of frankincense oil to the skin aging animal model reduced both the generation of free radicals and the damage of skin tissues. Therefore, frankincense oil can be used practically for the prevention or improvement of skin aging in terms of health promotion and beauty for the people.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.119-127
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of frankincense oil in a skin aging animal model. Skin aging was induced by both the irradiation of UVB and the application of squalene monohydroperoxide (Sq-OOH) to the back of experimental animals for 4 weeks. And at the same time experimental materials were applied topically. Six to seven weeks female SHR-1 hairless mice were divided into five groups including normal (N: saline), control (C: UVB+Sq-OOH+saline), vehicle control (VC: UVB+Sq-OOH+jojoba oil), positive control (PC: UVB+Sq-OOH+0.01% retinoic acid) and experimental (E: UVB+Sq-OOH+3% Frankincense oil) groups, five animals each group. The skin erythema index for the PC and E groups were lower than that of the C group. Whereas, both the lipid and water capacities for the PC and E groups were higher than those of the C group. Wrinkles for the C group were formed as a pattern of deep furrows and thick crests. Whereas, wrinkles for the PC and E groups were formed as a pattern of shallow furrows and thin crests which were similar to that of the N group. As for the both absolute and relative weight of the spleen, the PC group were significantly higher than the other groups. In conclusion, frankincense oil can be used practically for the prevention or improvement of skin aging in terms of health promotion and beauty for the people.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.93-104
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• 2010

프랑킨센스 에센셜 오일(BSEO)이 알러지성 천식 생쥐 모델의 폐, BALF 및 PBMC 내 면역세포 변화에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 본 연구는 Balb/c 생쥐를 이용하여 실험 1일에 $100\;{\mu}g$ ovalbumin (OVA)을 복강 내 투여하고, 실험 14일에 $50\;{\mu}g$ OVA를 기도 내 투여하여 감작시킨 후 OVA를 반복 흡입시켜 천식을 유발하였다. 천식 유발 생쥐군에 0.3% BSEO를 8주간, 1주에 3회, 1회에 30분간 nebulizer로 흡입시켰고, 실험일로부터 총 12주 후에 살처분시켜 폐, 기관지 폐포 세척액 (bronchoalveolar lavage fluid; BALF), 말초혈액단핵세포 (peripheral blood mononuc1ear cell; PBMC)를 분리하여 조직 내의 면역세포 변화를 관찰하였다. 본 연구 결과 알러지성 천식 유발 생쥐에서 기관지 수축제에 대한 기도 과민성반응이 천연 아로마 에센셜 오일군인 Bergamot군, Eucalyptus군, Chamomile군, Marjoram군, 및 Frankincense군 중 Frankincense군에서 효과적으로 억제됨을 확인하였다. 또한 알러지성 천식유발로 증가한 폐무게, 총폐포수, BALF수, MNL, DLN수가 억제됨을 확인하였다. BSEO는 알러지성 천적 모델 생쥐의 폐 조직 내의 $CD3e^+/CD19^-$, $B220^+/CD23^+$, $CD11b^+/Gr-1^+$ 세포 비율을 억제하였으며 BALF 내의 $CD4^+/CD8^-$, $B220^+/CD23^+$, $CD3e^+/CCR3^+$ 세포비율을 억제하였다. 또한 PBMC내 $CD3e^+/CD19^-$, $CD3^+/CD69^+$, $B220^+/CD23^+$ 세포비율을 억제하였다. 이러한 결과는 BSEO가 각 조직내의 면역세포의 활성 억제를 통한 면역조절작용으로 알러지성 천식의 치료에 효과적일 것으로 사료되었다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.343-352
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• 2008

프랑킨센스는 감람나무 종에서 얻어지는 gum resin으로, 성분은 5-9% 방향정 에센셜 오일, 알코올-용해성인 65-85% resin과 수용성인 gum 잔여물로 구성된 복합물이다. 프랑킨센스의 알코올 용해성인 resin 성분들의 항염증 작용은 잘 알려져 있으나, 방향성 에센셜 오일 성분이 알러지성 천식에 작용을 하는지의 여부는 보고되지 않았다. 실험은 프랑킨센스 에센설 오일(BSEO)이 ovalbumin(OVA)으로 유발된 알러지성 천식 생쥐 모델에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위해 수행하였다. BALB/c 생쥐는 OVA로 복강감작 후 OVA 기도 투여로 면역반응을 유발시켰다. 실험그룹은 0.3% BSEO를 8주간 흡입시켰다. OVA로 감작, 유발시킨 BALB/c 생쥐에서 기도내 호산구 침윤증가, 점액분비 증가와 기도과민성이 나타났다. 이에 비하여, BSEO 처치군에서 BALF내 호산구수, 술잔세포의 과증식, 기도과민성이 감소되었다. BALF내 사이토카인 분석 결과, BSEO는 Th1 사이토카인인 IFN-$\gamma$를 증가시켰으며 Th2 사이토카인인 IL-4, IL-5와 IL-13을 감소시켰다. 또한, OVA-specific IgE와 eoxtain 분비를 억제시켰다. BSEO 흡입 군에서 종격동 림프절의 $CD4^+$, $CD3^+/CCR3^+$, 및 $B220^+/CD23^+$ 세포들 또한 감소되었다. 이상의 결과에서 BSEO는 Th1/Th2 관여 면역조절인자로 판단되며, BSEO 흡입으로 간단하고 경제적인 방법으로 알러지성 기도 염증 치료가 가능할 것으로 사료되었다.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.139-148
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• 2015

Purpose: This study was done to examine the effects of meatal care with essential oil on meatal E-coli and pH of inpatients in geriatric hospital. Methods: The participants were 40 patients admitted to J geriatric hospital in G city, Korea. Twenty patients were assigned to the experimental group and 20 to the control group. Participants in the experimental group received meatal care with essential oil (application of essential oil mixture consisting of lavender, tea tree, and frankincense). The control group received meatal care with saline. The meatal care was performed twice daily for one week in both groups. The scores for meatal odor, meatal pH and bacterial count for E-coli were measured before and after the treatment. Results: The score for meatal odor were significantly lower in the experimental group compared to the control group. The meatal pH and bacterial count for E-coli significantly decreased in the experimental group compared to the control group. Conclusion: Findings indicate that meatal care with essential oil is an effective nursing intervention to reduce meatal odor, meatal pH and bacterial count for E-coli for elderly women inpatients in geriatric hospitals.

• 한국임상보건과학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.510-521
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• 2016

Purpose. The aim of this study was to provide Aromatherapist with analysis of correlation between MBTI personality type and scent preference of natural aroma essential oil in university students. Methods. Data was analyzed by students whom participated in the research on the scent preference of natural aroma essential oil of students from m university who accomplished to MBTI personality survey. Results. As a result, the introverted personality types more liked Peppermint and felt more intensive scent than extroverted personality types did(p=0.006). Extroverted personality types recognized Neroli as feminine scent(p=0.034) and introverted personalty types recognized Frankincense as feminine scent(p=0.045). Extroverted personality types felt that Juniper berry is exciting scent(p=0.036) and that Rosemary(p=0.044) and Lavender(p=0.030) are eco-friendly scent. And introverted personality types relatively less did than extroverted personality types. Conclusions. This study is to get a basic data of aroma preference of university students by looking into the influence that MBTI personality type affect natural aroma preference and to use this data for ease off school stress and job seekng stess and counsel the students.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.195-204
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of the spouse's aromatherapy massage on labor pain, anxiety during labor and childbirth satisfaction for laboring women. Methods: The subjects of this study were laboring women who didn't have any complication during pregnancy and who have admitted for childbirth with their spouse to E. hospital in D city. This study was carried out from June to November in 2007. The subjects were allocated into three groups: spouse's aromatherapy massage group, spouse's carrier oil massage group and control group. Aromatherapy massage and carrier oil massage was applied for ten minutes every hour after the cervix dilated 5cm. The subjects in the control group were with their spouse during labor. Results: The labor pain by VAS was significantly different among the three groups (Kruskal-Wallis $x^2$=7.09 p=.029) in the deceleration phase. The anxiety during labor by VAS were significantly different among the three groups (Kruskal-Wallis $x^2$=6.77 p=.034) in the deceleration phase. There was no significant difference in childbirth satisfaction among the three groups. Conclusion: The spouse's aromatherapy massage using Lavender, Clary sage, Frankincense and Neroli could be effective in decreasing labor pain and decreasing anxiety level during labor.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.493-502
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of aroma hand massage on pain, state anxiety and depression in hospice patients with terminal cancer. Methods: This study was a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. The subjects were 58 hospice patients with terminal cancer who were hospitalized. Twenty eight hospice patients with terminal cancer were assigned to the experimental group (aroma hand massage), and 30 hospice patients with terminal cancer were assigned to the control group (general oil hand massage). As for the experimental treatment, the experimental group went through aroma hand massage on each hand for 5 min for 7 days with blended oil-a mixture of Bergamot, Lavender, and Frankincense in the ratio of 1:1:1, which was diluted 1.5% with sweet almond carrier oil 50 ml. The control group went through general oil hand massage by only sweet almond carrier oil-on each hand for 5 min for 7 days. Results: The aroma hand massage experimental group showed more significant differences in the changes of pain score (t=-3.52, p=.001) and depression (t=-8.99, p=.000) than the control group. Conclusion: Aroma hand massage had a positive effect on pain and depression in hospice patients with terminal cancer.