• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.13 no.7
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• pp.1035-1043
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• 2019

The object of is this research is to find out the optimal Tesla by evaluating SNR and CNR, after testing 1.5 T and 3.0 T. The randomly selected patients tested by nasopharynx MRI transmitted in PACS were applied to the research. Two MRI units(1.5 T, 3.0 T) was used for analyzing the data. As a method of analysis, in T1W highlighting and T1 fat removal images, we set up a certain area of interest and evaluated the SNR and CNR on tongue, spinal cord, masseter muscle, fat, parotid gland, and tumor tissue. We evaluated the SNR and CNR by quantitative analysis of six tissue, measuring the quality of images for uniform fat removal, magnetic sensitivity artifact on a four-point scale by qualitative analysis. The statistical significance of this date analysis was based on independent sample verification and was accepted when the P value was less than 0.05. As a result of analysis of both devices, 3.0 T was high in the quantitative evaluation, while 1.5 T was high in the qualitative evaluation. Considering the advantages and disadvantages of each device, and if the device is selected complementarily and applied to patients, it is believed that it will provide the optimal information.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.4
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• pp.61-90
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• 1977

The historical development of books examination with utilizing science become inevitable to the machanization of library catalogues. With the advance of times, like this, a new- development of $Indention('||'&'||'$ : Kisun) must be sought for which is a kind of descriptive catalogues being used now. This paper is scheduled to grasp problems in the course of using and logical grounds of Indention which hal-e been used disordering. It must be considered that four kinds of Icdention settlement is suitable to the features of Korean letters. 1) TI-e must consider the features of Korean Language and Oriental Language writing(Japan, China). There must be a establishment of floating $Indention('||'&'||'E$ : Kisun), which are suitable for the writting style or hand writting man on the point of most of Koreans are depend upon hand witting, then books catalogues like western language, not left edge of the cards of the $Indention(B$ : Kisun) establishing, from edge to Call Number, from the last of the Call Number to First Indention(%-Bl63). First Indention(%-%%) to a space of Second $indention($\ulcorner^%)$ must be established and then, every catalogue and Indentions are distinguished surely. 2) \Then we consider the developing catalogue making in the future. It is important to establish a fixed $Indention('||'&'||'$ : Kisun) for machinization of typewriter(Korean, Mimeographing) and computer, etc ... not "Cm" unit but "Space" unit, and consider oriental letter, ne make more surplus space as a Indention, we can give anadaptablity of using machines. 3) Considering typography printing and type-setting printing by printing type, we must fit the $Indention(\ulcorner'||'&'||'$ : Kisun) as a "Cm" unit, and there must be a re-adjustment of $Indention(g$$ : Kisun) which considered the complexity of Call Number by a mass of collecting books like this, the establishment of Indention(E'||'&'||'j!: Kisun). We must not use a uilified one as a concrete conception by "Space" or "Cm" unit which has been used now but re-adjusted adaptably which can be fited as a method of making of catalogues. 4) The name of $Indcntion(J, S$ : Kisun) has becll called 7;arious methods until now, but English Indention which has been used without any concrete mexirig must be used as a ours fitable as a our mind. The above mentioned is presented as a Indention and examinational l~letilods by myself style, I wants these r i l l be helpful to the future developments of the machanization of Indention $(sf:$ Ki sun). Concrete studies must be continued in the future for development of $Indention(zj:$ : Kisun). : Kisun).

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.31 no.12
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• pp.1684-1690
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• 2004

This paper presents a method for classifier selection that uses distribution information of the training samples in a small region surrounding a sample. The conventional DCS-LA(Dynamic Classifier Selection - Local Accuracy) selects a classifier dynamically by comparing the local accuracy of each classifier at the test time, which inevitably requires long classification time. On the other hand, in the proposed approach, the best classifier in a local region is stored in the FSA(Feature Space Attribute) table during the training time, and the test is done by just referring to the table. Therefore, this approach enables fast classification because classification is not needed during test. Two feature space attributes are used entropy and density of k training samples around each sample. Each sample in the feature space is mapped into a point in the attribute space made by two attributes. The attribute space is divided into regular rectangular cells in which the local accuracy of each classifier is appended. The cells with associated local accuracy comprise the FSA table. During test, when a test sample is applied, the cell to which the test sample belongs is determined first by calculating the two attributes, and then, the most accurate classifier is chosen from the FSA table. To show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, it is compared with the conventional DCS -LA using the Elena database. The experiments show that the accuracy of the proposed algorithm is almost same as DCS-LA, but the classification time is about four times faster than that.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.11 no.4 s.33
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• pp.471-482
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• 2006

In this paper, we propose a new scheme to generate multi-view images utilizing depth map decomposition and adaptive edge smoothing. After carrying out smooth filtering based on an adaptive window size to regions of edges in the depth map, we decompose the smoothed depth map into four types of images: regular mesh, object boundary, feature point, and number-of-layer images. Then, we generate 3-D scenes from the decomposed images using a 3-D mesh triangulation technique. Finally, we extract multi-view images from the reconstructed 3-D scenes by changing the position of a virtual camera in the 3-D space. Experimental results show that our scheme generates multi-view images successfully by minimizing a rubber-sheet problem using edge smoothing, and renders consecutive 3-D scenes in real time through information decomposition of depth maps. In addition, the proposed scheme can be used for 3-D applications that need the depth information, such as depth keying, since we can preserve the depth data unlike the previous unsymmetric filtering method.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.934-941
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• 2002

It is important to consider the effect of member size when estimating the ultimate strength of a concrete flexural member because the strength always decreases with an increase of member size. In this study, the size effect of a reinforced concrete (RC) beam was experimentally investigated. For this purpose, a series of beam specimens subjected to four-point loading were tested. More specifically, three different effective depth (d$\approx$15, 30, and 60 cm) reinforced concrete beams were tested to investigate the size effect. The shear-span to depth ratio (a/d=3) and thickness (20 cm) of the specimens were kept constant where the size effect in out-of-plane direction is not considered. The test results are curve fitted using least square method (LSM) to obtain parameters for the modified size effect law (MSEL). The analysis results show that the flexural compressive strength and the ultimate strain decrease as the specimen size increases. In the future study, since $\beta_1$ value suggested by design code and ultimate strain change with specimen size variation, a more detailed analysis should be performed. Finally, parameters for MSEL are also suggested.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.16 no.1 s.79
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• pp.94-101
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• 2004

This study shows the test results of seven RC beams retrofitted with modified polymer system and parametric study about the effects of tensile strength of retrofitting materials by analytical method on the flexural behavior. The main parameters are the retrofitted depth and length. The beams are loaded to the failure by four-point loading. Test results show that the effect of the retrofitted length on the structural behavior is more significant than that of depth. As the retrofitted depth is increased, the beams represents the brittle failure mode The non-linear analysis is carried out to grasp the effect of the tensile strength of retrofitting material on the structural behavior. As the retrofitted depth and length are increased, the tensile strength becomes more effective so these parameters should be considered to determine the retrofitted area. The analytical results show that failure strength is less than that of experimental results, but the stiffness is vice versa.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.369-385
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• 1999

This is carried out to study on the general consciousness for medical ethics of Korean local and hospital clinicians from March to May, 1999. The subjects are 288 respondents out of 1,500 those who selected by systemic random sampling method from the list of physicians published on 1997. An adequate questionnaire with 21 questions made by author was distributed through mail for those. The characteristics of respondents are as follows. Women are 15%. For like this questionnaire, those who were graduated from. The national universities were more actively concerned than those graduated from the private universities. Christian was 35.4%, Catholic was 28.5% and buddhist was 14.9% and 17.4% had no religion. Now a day in generally, it is clearly confusing status between an ideal thinking and actuality in medical ethical aspects in Korea. They want more developed medical delivery system. The most of physicians are improving on four mind-sets, the mind of love, pity, joy and abandonment as much as they are cognizing that the pains of patients are themselves pains. But they do not want to be the ministry. On the problems of the easy to die, it seems that they have somewhat different opinions according to their religions, respectively;- christians are more responsible than others to keep to the terminal point of life of patients.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.37-44
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• 2015

This paper describes the effect of strain hardening cement composite (SHCC) material on structure performance of reinforced concrete (RC) beams with high-strength reinforcing bar. Also, this paper explores the structure application of SHCC in order to mitigation cracking damage and improve the ductility of flexural RC members. The prediction model for flexural strength of doubly reinforced SHCC beams are investigated in this study. To achieve the these objectives, a total of 6 rectangular beam specimens were tested under four point monotonic loading condition. The main parameters included the types of cement composite and reinforcing bar. Test results indicated that reinforced beam specimens with SHCC material were improved the structure performances and damage characteristics. Specifically, replacement of conventional high-strength concrete with SHCC materials has the potential of high-strength steel bar as flexural reinforcement on RC members. It is remarkable that suggested method of reinforced SHCC beams with high-strength reinforcing bar could be used usefully to the structure design.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.51 no.6
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• pp.78-86
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• 2014

In this paper, a novel intensity-based fiber optic vibration sensor using a mass-spring structure, which consists of four serpentine flexure springs and a rectangular aperture within a proof mass, is proposed and its feasibility test is given by the simulation and experiment. An optical collimator is used to broaden the beam which is modulated by the displacement of the rectangular aperture within the proof mass. The proposed fiber optic vibration sensor has been analyzed and designed in terms of the optical and mechanical parts. A mechanical structure has been designed using theoretical analysis, mathematical modeling, and 3D FEM (Finite Element Method) simulation. The relative aperture displacement according to the base vibration is given using FEM simulation, while the output beam power according to the relative displacement is measured by experiment. The simulated sensor sensitivity of $15.731{\mu}W/G$ and detection range of ${\pm}6.087G$ are given. By using reference signal, the output signal with 0.75% relative error shows a good stability. The proposed vibration sensor structure has the advantages of a simple structure, low cost, and multi-point sensing characteristic. It also has the potential to be made by MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical System) technology.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.10 no.11
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• pp.169-179
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• 2010

In these days, space design is evolving to the mixed reality space where fused on-line and off-line. But, standard and measure of mixed reality space has not been suggested and there has been little research about media environment and expression method as a mixed system either. That's why here I suggest four media environments and their characteristics that act not only as a critical point in the mixed reality space based on ubiquitous technology but also as a standard for spatial discerning. 1) Real space that is a media environment only seen by human visual and tactical sense is evolving using expression methods like new materials based on digital technology and LED. 2) Augmented reality space is a media environment using information instruments is expressed with diverse 2D and 3D contents. 3) Cyber Space is a environment depends totally on media instruments is produced by perfect graphic information without any spatial and physical limitations. 4) Augmented cyber space is realized only through the displays in cyber studio and is a space where real objects and graphic information are mixed. Depending on the purpose of the experience, media environment and expressional characteristics of mixed reality space can be fused, blended, and mixed, and that can be realized to the intelligent information space where one can experience without spatial, visual, informational limitations. In the future, studies on physical characteristics of contents according to the media environment characteristics are necessary.