• Title/Summary/Keyword: forging ratio

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Experimental Investigation on the Flow Control in Forward-Backward Extrusion of Piston-Pin for Automobile (자동차용 피스톤 핀의 전.후방압출에서 유동제어에 관한 실험적 연구)

  • Park, Jong-Nam;Park, Tae-Joon;Kim, Dong-Hwan;Kim, Byung-Min
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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    • v.26 no.7
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    • pp.1366-1375
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    • 2002
  • In cold forging of piston-pin for automobile parts, the flow defect appears by the dead metal zone. This appearance evidently happens in products with a thin piercing thickness for the dimension accuracy and the decrease of material loss. The best method that can prevent flow defect is removing dead metal zone. The purpose of this study is to investigate the material flow behavior of forward-backward extruded piston-pin through the relative velocity ratio and the stroke control of upper moving punch & container using the flow control forming technique. The finite element simulations are applied to analyse the flow defect, then the results are compared with the plasticine model material experiments. The model experiment results are in good agreement with the FE simulation ones.

Consideration on Frictional Laws and their Effect on Finite Element Solutions in Bulk Metal Forming (체적소성가공에서 마찰법칙이 유한요소해석 결과에 미치는 영향에 관한 고찰)

  • Joun, M.S.;Moon, H.K.;Hwang, S.M.
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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    • v.13 no.2
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    • pp.102-109
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    • 1996
  • Effects of frictional laws on finite element solutions in metal forming were investigated in this paper. A rigid-viscoplastic finite element formulation was given with emphasis on the frictional laws. The Coulomb friction and the constant shear friction laws were compared through finite element analyses of compression of rings and cylinders with different aspect ratios, ring-gear forging, multi-stage cold extrusion and hot strip rolling under the isothermal condition. It has been shown that two laws may yield quite different results when the aspect ratio of a process and the fractional contact region are large.

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The Production Technology of High Strength and High Toubhness Wear Resistance Steel (고강도 고인성 내마모강의 제조기술)

  • 신정호
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
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    • 2000.04a
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    • pp.163-166
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    • 2000
  • The production technology of high strength and toughness wear resistance steel involves attempt to application of severe wear parts for the construction machinery. A well balanced alloy content ensures that optimum tensile properties are achieved for the high strength. After high temperature deformation like as rolling or forging it has bainite microstructure and lower yield rato(under 80%) The effectiveness of the research approach is illustrated with experimental results on good steel cleanliness(O2 :12.2 ppm, 0,004% S, 0.008%, P nonmetalic inclusion dT: 0.10) and excellent mechanical properties (TS$\geq$140kgf/mm2 El $\geq$10% IV$\geq$20j/cm2) Therefore this should be wear resistance steel which develops high strength and high toughness without heat treatment

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A study on Control System of the Heat Treating Furnace (열처리로 제어시스템 개발)

  • Kim, Sang-Yong;Park, Soo-Hong
    • The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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    • v.6 no.3
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    • pp.405-410
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    • 2011
  • The heat treatment of the steel is very important part on the forging industry. It is also effect to price competitiveness. The burner control system of the heat treating furnace is related LNG gas saving and fixed manufactured goods rate. This study show the burner control performance of the heat treating furnace. The result developed the performance of the heat treating furnace and show energy saving.

The Effect of Stress Ring for the Design of Precision Cold Forging Die (정밀 냉간단조 금형설계를 위한 보강링의 영향)

  • Hur, Kwan-Do;Choi, Young;Yeo, Hong-Tae
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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    • v.18 no.12
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    • pp.145-151
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    • 2001
  • The dimensional accuracy of the cold forged part is depended on the elastic characteristics of the die. To increase the stiffness of the prestressed die, the first stress ring of the tungsten carbide alloy (WC) is considered. For the design, Lame's equation is used. Diameter ratios and interferences have been determinated by maximum inner pressure without yielding of materials. The design of the prestressed die has been compared with the conventional one. For the comparison, the FE-analysis using ANSYS has been performed. The results indicate that the prestressed die with the high stiffness can be obtained by the using the high stiffness material as the first stress ring.

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Process Design of a Hot Forged Product Using the Artificial Neural Network and the Statistical Design of Experiments (신경망과 실험계획법을 이용한 열간 단조품의 공정설계)

  • 김동환;김동진;김호관;김병민;최재찬
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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    • v.15 no.9
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    • pp.15-24
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    • 1998
  • In this research. we have proposed a new technique to determine .the combination of design parameters for the process design of a hot forged product using artificial neural network(ANN) and statistical design of experiments(DOE). The investigated problem involves the adequate selection of the aspect ratio of billet, the ram velocity and the friction factor as design parameters. An optimal billet satisfying the forming limitation, die filling, load and energy as well as more uniform distribution of effective strain, is determined by applying the ability of artificial neural network and considering the analysis of mean and variation on the functional requirement. This methodology will be helpful in designing and controlling parameters on the shop floor which would yield the best design solution.

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A Study on the Characteristics of Refrigerating System according to the Condensation and Evaporation Load (응축 및 증발 부하에 따른 냉동시스템 특성에 관한 연구)

  • Choi, Seung-Il;Ji, Myoung-Kuk;Lee, Dae-Chul;Jeong, Hyo-Min;Chung, Han-Shik
    • Journal of Power System Engineering
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    • v.17 no.3
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    • pp.44-49
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    • 2013
  • The refrigerating system are high efficiency and comfortable due to the automation of the system as well as enhance energy saving are contributing to driving system. Previous study the rotational frequency of the compressor was confined to the fixed condition have changed load of evaporator and condenser related about the refrigerator performance characteristic according to the evaporation load and condensation load change tries to be analyze through the experiment. The useful data for the economic driving of the freezing apparatus tries to be drawn. Consequently, it confirmed that refrigerant in the compressor overheated and as the evaporation load increased the specific volume was increased and the coolant circulation rate decreased. In confirmed that condensation load increased the compression ratio and discharge gas temperature increased. It reduced the low-temperature efficiency and condensation calorie and the quality factor was decreased.

A Study on the Heat Transfer Enhancement of Miniature loop Heat Pipes by Using the Cu Nanofluids

  • Kim, Young-Sik;Jeong, Hyo-Min;Chung, Han-Shik;Tanshen, Md.Riyad;Lee, Dae-Chul;Ji, Myoung-Kuk;Bae, Kang-Youl
    • Journal of Power System Engineering
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    • v.17 no.2
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    • pp.70-77
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    • 2013
  • An experimental study was carried out to understand the heat transfer performance of a miniature loop heat pipes using water-based copper nanoparticles suspensions as the working fluid. The suspensions consisted of deionized water and copper nanoparticles with an average diameter of 80 nm. Effects of the cupper mass concentration and the operation pressure on the average evaporation and condensation heat transfer coefficients, the critical heat flux and the total heat resistance of the mLHPs were investigated and discussed. The pressure frequency also depends upon the evaporator temperature which has been maintained from $60^{\circ}C$ to $90^{\circ}C$. The Investigation shows 60% filling ratio gives the highest inside pressure magnitude of highest number pressure frequency at any of setting of evaporator temperature and 5wt% results the lowest heat flow resistance.

On the Manufacture of High Manganese Steel Plate (고(高)망간강(鋼) 판재(板材) 제조(製造)에 대한 연구(硏究))

  • Choi, Ju;Shin, Myung-Chul
    • Applied Microscopy
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    • v.7 no.1
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    • pp.45-49
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    • 1977
  • For obtaining high manganese steel plates, the study has been made on the optimum conditions in melting, forging, rolling and water toughning treatment practices. The optimum water toughning temperature and time was found to be $1030^{\circ}C$ and 30 min. respectively for the plates of 1 mm thickness. The argon atmosphere is very effective for the prevention of decarburization which can be easily occured in open air. There is a close relation between the degree of c 이 d working and the hardess. The greater the cold reduction ratio is, the smaller the grain size is and it results in the increase of hardness. The improvement of tensile and bending properties can be made by the addition of small amount of nickel, chromium and vanadium.

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Jangdo(Small Ornamental Knives) manufacturing process and restoration research using Odong Inlay application (오동상감(烏銅象嵌)기법을 활용한 장도(粧刀)의 제작기술 및 복원연구)

  • Yun, Yong Hyun;Cho, Nam Chul;Jeong, Yeong Sang;Jang, Chu Nam
    • Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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    • v.49 no.2
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    • pp.172-189
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    • 2016
  • In this research, literature research on the Odong material, mixture ratio, casting method and casting facility was conducted on contemporary documents, such as Cheongong Geamul. Also, a long sword was produced using the Odong inlay technique. The sword reproduction steps were as follows; Odong alloying, silver soldering alloying, Odong plate and Silver plate production, hilt and sheath production, metal frame and decorative elements, such as a Dugup (metal frame), production, Odong inlay assembly and final assembly. For the Odong alloy production, the mixture ratio of the true Odong, which has copper and gold ratio of 20:1, was used. This is traditional ratio for high quality product according to $17^{th}$ century metallurgy instruction manual. The silver soldering alloy was produced with silver and brass(Cu 7 : Zn 3) ratio of 5:1 for inlay purpose and 5:2 ratio for simple welding purpose. The true Odong alloy laminated with silver plate was used to produce hilt and sheath. The alloy went through annealing and forging steps to make it into 0.6 mm thick plate and its backing layer, which is a silver plate, had the matching thickness. After the two plates were adhered, the laminated plate went through annealing, forging, engraving, silver inlaying, shaping, silver welding, finishing and polishing steps. During the Odong colouring process, its red surface turns black by induced corrosion and different hues can be achieved depending on its quality. To accomplish the silver inlay Odong techniques, a Hanji saturated with thirty day old urine is wrapped around a hilt and sheath material, then it is left at warm room temperature for two to three hours. The Odong's surface will turn black when silver inlay remains unchanged. Various scientific analysis were conducted to study composition of recreated Odong panel, silver soldering, silver plate and the colouring agent on Odong's surface. The recreated Odong had average out at Cu 95.57 wt% Au 4.16wt% and Cu 98.04 wt% Au 1.95wt%, when documented ratio in the old record is Cu 95wt% and Au 5wt%. The recreated Odong was prone to surface breakage during manufacturing process unlike material made with composition ratio written in the old record. On the silver plate of the silver and Odong laminate, 100wt% Ag was detected and between the two layers Cu, Ag and Au were detected. This proves that the adhesion between the two layers was successfully achieved. The silver soldering had varied composition of Ag depending on the location. This shows uneven composition of the silver welding. A large quantities of S, that was not initially present, was detected on the surface of the black Odong. This indicates that presence of S has influence on Odong colour. Additional study on the chromaticity, additional chemical compounds and its restoration are needed for the further understanding of the origin of Odong colour. The result of Odong alloy testing and recreation, Odong silver inlay long sword production, scientific analysis of the Odong black colouring agent will form an important foundation of knowledge for conservation of Odong artifact.