• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.429-434
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• 2018

Extractable iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) contents and their distribution with depths in soils of forested and adjacent deforested areas at Jahazpura, Teknaf, Cox's Bazar of Bangladesh were studied. The soils under forest showed higher levels of DTPA-extractable micronutrients in all three layers of soil in comparison to those of the deforested areas. The differences between forested and deforested sites were, in most cases, significant.. The top soils of forested sites had the higher contents of micronutrient and generally decreased with depth in forested soils, while there was no regular trend of distribution in deforested soils. The study also revealed that contents of extractable Fe, Mn and Cu were sufficient in all depths and sites but Zn was deficient in bottom layer of forested and all three layers of deforested sites. The results suggested that organic matter, clay and soil pH could play important roles in concentrations and distributions of micronutrients in soils of the study areas.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.1-8
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• 1964

Cha, Jong Whan (Dept. of Biology, Graduate School, Dong Kuk Univ.) The changes of chemical properties of forest soils in dry and wet seasons. Kor. Jour. Bot. VII(2): 1-8, 1964. Soil selected for the present investigation was collected from a mountain of the Forestry Experiment Station of the vicinity of Seoul. The forest communities studied were three forest and a unplanted soils. The soil samples were obtained from each forest type during dry and wet seasons. And these samples were collected from four horizons of all communities respectively. It was showed that exchangeable hydrogen was increased by rainfall, and total exchangeable base decreased in the same way. The content of nitrogen is washed away by rainfall, especially ammonium nitrogen was highly significant between dry and wet season. On the contrary, organic matter and available phosphorus were of no significant difference between dry and wet seasons. The values of pH appeared a different response in dry and wet seasons according to the plant communities. The needle-leaved forest soils showed more acidity than the broad-leaved forest soils, and the least acidity in open places. All nutrients in soil studied gradually decreased down the profiles. According to statistical analyses of the soil components among all soil horizons, total exchangeable bases in wet season indicated only significant at 1%. Exchangeable hydrogen and organic matter of the soil in dry season was particularly very low with increased depth in the profile. The fertility level of most forested soils selected for the present investigation is low according to chemical tests for available nutrient elements.

• Advances in environmental research
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.247-262
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• 2015

The few lignin biomarker studies conducted in tropical environments are hampered by having to use references signatures established for plants and soils characteristic of the temperate zone. This study presents a lignin biomarker analysis (vanillyls (V), p-hydroxyls (P), syringyls (S), cinnamyls (C)) of the dominant plant species and soil horizons as well as an analysis of the interrelated terrigenous organic matter (TOM) dynamics between vegetation and soil of the $Tapaj{\acute{o}}s$ river region, an active colonization front in the Brazilian Amazon. We collected and analyzed samples from 17 fresh dominant plant species and 48 soil cores at three depths (0-5 cm, 20-25 cm, 50-55 cm) from primary rainforest, fallow forest, subsistence agriculture fields and pastures. Lignin signatures in tropical plants clearly distinguish from temperate ones with high ratios of Acid/aldehyde of vanillyls ((Ad/Al)v) and P/V+S. Contrary to temperate environments, similarly high ratios in tropical soils are not related to TOM degradation along with pedogenesis but to direct influence of plants growing on them. Lignin signatures of both plants and soils of primary rainforest and fallow forest clearly distinguish from those of non-forested areas, i.e., agriculture fields and pastures. Attalea speciosa Palm trees, an invasive species in all perturbed landscapes of the Amazon, exhibit lignin signatures clearly distinct from other dominant plant species. The study of lignin signatures in tropical areas thus represents a powerful tool to evaluate the impact of primary rainforest clearing on TOM dynamics in tropical areas.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.417-431
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• 2005

한국에서 산성 강하물에 의하여 대부분의 토양은 교환성 양이온, 특히 $K^+$, $Mg^{2+}$ 및 $Ca^{2+}$가 세탈되어 유럽과 북미의 삼림 쇠퇴 지역의 토양과 버금가는 수준이고, 염기성 양이온/알루미늄이온$(BC/Al^{3+})$의 몰 비가 낮아서 식물의 정상 생장의 임계 부하수준으로 낮아졌다. 광릉 삼림의 수관은 산성 강하물 중에서 $NO_3^-$와 $NH_4^+$을 흡수하여 수용원(sink)으로, $K^+$을 세탈하여 공급원(source)으로 작용하지만 산성 강하 물량이 많은 관악산의 삼림은 그러한 기능이 저하되었다 침엽수림과 활엽수림 분수계 생태계는 총수관 통과수의 $K^+$, $NH_4^+$, $Cl^-$, $NO_3^-$ 및 $SO_4^{2-}$를 임상토양에 보유하고, $Na^+$, $Mg^{2+}$ 및 $Ca^{2+}$을 임상토양에서 계류수로 세탈하고 있어 산성 강하물에 대한 삼림의 반작용이 큼을 보이고 있다.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.116-124
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• 2013

Differences in rates and patterns of nitrogen cycling have been correlated with nitrogen stable isotope measurements in forest ecosystems of tropical and temperate regions, but limited similar work has been conducted in sub-tropical forests. This study investigated patterns in stable N isotopic composition in a subtropical forest in Taiwan by sampling three soil profiles and overstory and understory foliage. Soil ${\delta}^{15}N$ in the forest floor ranged from -1.8 to -1.8‰. Mineral soils had higher ${\delta}^{15}N$ (4.1 to 6.0‰). Foliage ${\delta}^{15}N$ in overstory trees ranged from -6.6 to -2.0‰, and understory foliage ${\delta}^{15}N$ ranged from -5.0 to -1.2‰. There was a weak correlation between foliar % N and ${\delta}^{15}N$ ($r^2=0.214$). Compared to results from similar surveys in tropical and temperate forests, foliar ${\delta}^{15}N$ values were generally lower. These results help highlight the need for improved knowledge regarding the relationships between patterns in N stable isotopes and processes affecting rates of N cycling, especially as related to wider scale patterns in forest ecosystems within the east-Asia region.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제76권2호
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• pp.127-137
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• 1987

본 연구는 등산로 주변의 토양 및 식생에 대한 답압의 영향을 알아 보기 위하여 수행되었다. 야외 조사는 1986년 4월 6일과 10월 9일 사이에 11회에 걸쳐 북한산 국립공원 내의 우이 계곡과 정릉 계곡에 위치한 등산로 및 삼림 지역에서 실시되었다. Core를 이용하여 채취한 토양의 물리적 성질들을 측정하고, 식생 조사를 실시하여 현존 식생의 상태를 조사함으로써 등산로 주변과 사람들에 의해 이용되지 않은 삼림과의 토양 및 식생 상태를 비교 분석하였다. 또한 각 등산로별 이용량을 시간당 이용 인원수로 산정하여 이용량의 차이에 의한 변화량의 차이도 분석하고자 시도하였는데 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 토양의 물리적 성질은 등산로에서 거리가 멀어짐에 따라 점차 호전되어 삼림지역에서 가장 좋은 상태였다. 삼림지역에서는 등산로 주변보다 더 많은 수의 목본류가 나타났으며 흉고 단면적도 더 컸다. 그러나 초본류의 경우는 등산로 주변에 더 많은 개체가 나타났으며 피도도 더 컸다. 우이 계곡에서는 토양의 가비중 및 토양 경도가 증가함에 따라 식생량이 감소했다. 그러나 정릉 계곡에서는 가비중 만이 식생의 변화에 영향을 끼칠 뿐 다른 토양 인자는 식생량의 변화에 크게 관여하지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 결국 정릉 계곡의 식생은 토양 인자보다는 다른 인자에 의해 영향을 받았음을 뜻하는데, 이러한 점에서 볼 때 휴양지의 식생에 영향을 끼치는 인자에 대한 종합적 연구가 필요하다고 생각된다.