• 환경정책연구
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.123-148
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• 2012

북한의 산림황폐화는 지난 1980년대 중반부터 가속화되어 1990년대 극심한 경제난을 겪은 이후 현재까지 계속되고 있다. 북한은 이러한 산림황폐화에 대응하여 산림복원 및 녹화계획을 수립하여 추진해왔으나 정책 실행과정 및 결과에 관한 내용을 공개하지 않고 있다. 로동신문은 국내에서 접근이 가능한 북한 자료로서 당 기관지이므로 북한 정부가 강조하는 정책을 담고 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 북한의 대표적 미디어인 로동신문에 실린 산림관련 기사를 조사함으로써 북한 산림정책을 파악하고자 하였다. 내용분석법을 활용하여 1990년부터 2011년까지 표제에 '산림' 또는 '림산'을 포함한 499개 산림관련 기사를 분석하였다. 기사를 통해 보도된 국가산림계획 및 정책의 주요 내용을 파악하고, 정책수단이론에 근거하여 산림보호 및 녹화를 위한 규제적, 경제적, 정보적 정책수단에 관한 보도 내용을 살펴보았다. 분석결과, 로동신문은 산림조성, 산림경영, 국토관리, 산림보호에 대한 국가 산림계획 및 정책을 보도하였다. 북한 산림정책의 방향은 1990년대 산림 이용 중심에서 2000년대 산림보호와 관리로 변하였다. 로동신문은 경제적, 사회적 유인 수단보다는 규제적 수단과 교육 및 훈련 중심의 정보적 수단에 관한 내용을 더 많이 보도하고 있었다. 특히 김일성과 김정일의 교시 및 지적을 통해 산림사업의 중요성을 강조하고, 산림 보호 및 녹화활동을 애국활동으로 묘사하였다. 산림조성 및 보호를 위한 다양한 선전, 선동 활동이 보도되었고, 최고 지도자로부터의 포상 및 모범 업적에 대한 공로 평가도 일부 보도되었다. 이와 같은 결과는 로동신문이 북한 정부의 산림정책을 드러내고 선전, 선동하기 위한 수단으로 활용되고 있음을 증명한다.

• Perspectives in Nursing Science
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.30-38
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• 2014

Purpose: In recent years, many attempts have been made to examine the effects of forest therapy on health and to develop related policies. This study aimed to explore the current status of health promotion programs using forests provided by public health centers and to identify program diffusion strategies employed within different communities. Methods: For this descriptive study, we analyzed the 5th regional public health care program plans and explored the perceptions of health care workers attached with the programs using open-ended questionnaires and a focus group interview. Results: This study confirmed the necessity for health promotion programs using forests, as well as administrative and educational demands for such programs. The target population of the programs ranged from individuals with specific diseases to healthy local residents. In addition, the programs covered a wide range of topics, including disease management and health promotion strategies. However, the number of well-structured regional specialized programs remained limited. Collaboration among local governments, schools, and public health centers was found to be ineffective. Conclusion: To further disseminate health promotion programs using forests, the central government will need to develop well-structured programs, provide funding and resources to support local governments, and focus on raising public awareness of the health benefits of forest therapy.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.63-70
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• 2013

Objectives: This study is planned to assess the trend of occupational injuries in Korea from 2001 to 2010. Methods: Ten years of occupational injuries, from 2001 to 2010, were analyzed in order to investigate the changing profiles according to the various characteristics of injuries; economic sectors, age of the injured, and type of injuries. The changing profile of occupational injuries was investigated by comparison with an index-created relative value based on the number of cases of reference category. Results: The fatalities of construction, forest, agriculture, and service show the increasing trend. The nonfatal occupational injuries of the manufacturing sector were higher than those of other sectors in every year but the fatal occupational injuries of construction workers were higher than those of the manufacturing sector. Occupational injuries occurring due to amputation and those of slip and trip increased. The number of occupational injuries for the worker groups of 24 years old and below decreased and 45 years old and above increased. In comparison to the figure of fall from height, the figures of slip and trip or caught in equipment are higher in every calendar year. Conclusion: This study find out construction, forest, agriculture, and service sectors, aged worker with 45 years old and over can be target population for the strategies of occupational safety.

• International Journal of Reliability and Applications
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.111-124
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• 2007

In this paper, we apply insightful statistical reliability tools to manage and seek improvements in the strengths of Oriented Strand Board (OSB). As a part of the OSB manufacturing process, the product undergoes destructive testing at various intervals to determine compliance with customers' specifications. Workers perform these tests on sampled cross sections of the OSB panel to measure the tensile strength, also called internal bond (IB), in pounds per square inches until failure. Additional stiffness strength tests include parallel and perpendicular elasticity indices (EI), which are taken from cross sectional samples of the OSB panel in the parallel and perpendicular directions with respect to the orientation of the wood strands. We explore both graphically and statistically these "pressure-to-failures" of OSB. Also, we briefly comment on reducing sources of variability in the IB and EI of OSB.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제47권5호
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• pp.607-616
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• 2019

On account of the lack of education of Brazilian worker, this paper analyzed the characteristics of those professionals working in the production sector of timber houses. A sectoral survey was carried out with respective entrepreneurs to investigate the available professionals (career and contract types), evaluate the demands of skilled workers, and indicate solutions to improve the quality of labor qualification. Similarly, over 65% of sampled producers presented both direct-hired and outsourced workforce. For such contract ways, Civil Engineers and Architects were the main careers. Carpenters, Civil Engineers and Architects experienced on timber were the main sectoral demands. Timber Engineers have good potentials of service for this sector. The creation of courses on timber products can emerge as a key alternative to train people.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제105권4호
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• pp.441-448
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• 2016

본 연구는 동일한 임분조건에서 작업자 2명(A: 작업경력 5년 이하, B: 작업경력 15년 이상)을 대상으로 임목수확방법별(전목수확 전간수확 단목수확)에 따른 벌도작업의 작업생산성과 비용을 분석하였다. 전목작업에서 작업자 A의 생산성은 $10.3m^3/SMH$, 작업비용은 2,066원/$m^3$이며, 작업자 B는 생산성 $12.7m^3/SMH$, 작업비용 2,201원/$m^3$으로 산출되었으며, 시간당 생산성은 작업자 B가 다소 높았지만, 작업비용은 작업자 B의 높은 임금으로 작업자 A가 약간 낮게 나타났다(p>0.05). 전간작업의 경우 작업자 A와 B의 생산성은 각각 $2.2m^3/SMH$과 $3.3m^3/SMH$이며, 작업비용은 각각 9,890원/$m^3$과 8,459원/$m^3$으로, 작업자 B가 A보다 생산성은 높게, 작업비용은 낮게 산출되어 작업의 숙련도에 따라 큰 차이를 보이고 있었다(p<0.05). 단목작업에서 작업자 A와 B의 생산성은 $2.3m^3/SMH$과 $3.0m^3/SMH$, 작업비용은 9,584원/$m^3$, 9,395원/$m^3$으로, 작업자 B의 생산성이 높고, 작업비용은 낮게 산출되었다(p>0.05). 이와 같이 벌도작업 중에서도 임목의 절단작업과 같이 높은 숙련도를 요구하지 않는 단순작업에서는 오히려 작업자의 임금이 생산비용에 크게 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 가지정리와 같이 임지 내 벌도목 사이를 이동하며, 작업하는 것은 작업자의 높은 숙련도가 작업경비의 저감에 영향을 미치는 것으로 판단된다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.545-555
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• 2021

This study aimed quantitatively to estimate the recent level of recognition of the public value of forests in Korea, to analyze the factors that affect their value, and to present implications. The average annual payment regarding the public value of forests estimated using the contingent valuation method was 234,170 won, broken down into 12 functionalities. The Tobit model was used to analyze demographic factors affecting the degree of willingness to pay, and the analysis showed that area of residence, age, marital status, occupation, household income, and visits to forest facilities all had statistically significant impacts on the degree of willingness to pay. Among these variables, living area (living in Seoul), marriage status (married), occupation (professional and office workers), and household income (more than the median income) were found to have a positive relationship with the degree of willingness to pay, while age and the number of visits to forest facilities were found to have a negative relationship. The implications are as follows: First, it is necessary to establish and implement policies to enhance positive perceptions of the various functions of forests and the legitimacy of protecting forest resources, considering that the public's valuation of various public functions provided by forests is directly related to changes in perception. Second, public evaluations of the public value of forests remain at a low level, meaning that education and promotions regarding the public value of forests need to be implemented and strengthened in the future. Finally, in order to form a consensus among people on the public functions of forests, customized promotions and educational events need to be implemented for non-Seoul residents, non-professionals, the unmarried, and for those who regularly visit forests.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.30-40
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• 1992

The area of grassland established and the arable land in forage production have been decreased recently in Korea. As a result, forages available from the grassland and the arable land provided only 40% of the total roughage consumed by cattle in 1991, compared with 54% in 1989. The decreasing trend of the forage production has been impinged on by a number of legislative. socio-economic. technical and other constraints negatively affecting grassland and forage development. Consequently. effective systems and strategies are quite necessary to have sustainable grassland farming in Korea. In spring and autumn, temperatures are too low for subtropical forage crops, and the summer monsoon climate is another serious limitation to the use of cool-season species. Therefore it is an imperative that not only the research-based grassland development but also the forage crop production should be strongly supported by the government authorities to overcome such climatic limitations. Private forest land holdings are of relatively small units in Korea. Accordingly. it is necessary and important to enlarge the forest land holdings per farm to develop as economic units of grassland. For this the government should introduce new policy measures such as for example: long-term leases of Sorest land and the idle arable land of absentee owners ; rational rental system of national and public forest lands; integrating livestock and forest production. All the laws and regulations standing in the way of the grassland development in forest lands should be modified and revised to open the way for much easier development of grassland. It is also proposed that a high level of financial incentives -hould be provided for structural improvements for the grassland development. They may be: mechanization facilitation, construction of new roads relating to grassland, and land exchange and consolidation. And it is basically necessary that financial enumeration or profits must be garanteed in order to motivate farmers to keep up farming continuously. For more efficient grassland development in mountainous areas, reorganization of Alpine Experiment Station and NAB1 Namwon Branch Station may be needed. Research should be strengthened for completion of pasture mixtures, development of maximum forage production methods with a view to saving labor and reducing production costs, introduction of grazing and forage conservation techniques. and utilization of rice straw as more palatable and nutritious forage source. In order to have more efficient and effective transfer of advanced forage production technologies to livestock farmers the user-clients. it is also essential that special training measures should be given to livestock farmers through making greater use of specialized research and extension workers.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제59권3호
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• pp.165-168
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• 2020

한국산 개미과 뿔개미속의 2미기록종인 M. ademonia과 M. luteola가 분포함을 보고한다. 미기록종의 일개미에 대한 형태학적 특성과 사진을 제공한다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제111권4호
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• pp.567-582
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• 2022

체인톱에 의한 인력위주의 임목수확작업은 안전사고 문제에 직면하고 있으나, 기계화작업을 통해 작업자의 위험성을 줄이고 생산성을 높일 수 있다. 본 연구는 국내 수종에 적합한 굴삭기 기반의 스트로크 하베스터을 이용하여 리기다소나무(Pinus rigida)와 신갈나무(Quercus mongolica)를 대상으로 벌도+조재작업, 벌도작업과 조재작업으로 구분하여 생산성과 비용을 분석하였다. 스트로크 하베스터의 효율적인 운영을 위한 작업생산성 예측모델 개발과 직경 및 기계이용률에 따른 작업비용 변화를 분석하였다. 벌도+조재작업에서 리기다소나무와 신갈나무의 생산성은 각각 6.53 m³/SMH와 4.02 m³/SMH이고, 비용은 각각 17,983 won/m³과 29,210 won/m³으로 나타났다. 벌도작업에서 리기다소나무와 신갈나무의 생산성은 각각 40.9 m³/SMH와 23.0 m³/SMH이고 비용은 각각 2,667 won/m³와 4,743 won/m³으로 나타났다. 조재작업에서 리기다소나무와 신갈나무의 생산성은 각각 8.25 m³/SMH와 7.75 m³/SMH이고, 비용은 각각 15,296 won/m³와 16,283 m³/SMH으로 나타났다. 스트로크 하베스터를 이용한 벌도+조재작업, 벌도작업과 조재작업의 생산성에 대한 중요인자는 흉고직경, 이동거리와 절단횟수가 선정되었으며(p<0.05), 이를 이용하여 작업생산성 예측모델을 개발하였다. 따라서 스트로크 하베스터를 이용한 벌도 및 조재작업에서 다양한 조건과 수종을 고려한 DB 구축으로 생산성과 비용 예측의 정확성을 높이기 위한 연구가 필요할 것으로 판단된다.